新高考高三英语时文阅读专练（含答案解析）AThe world is warming swiftly. The last decade (2010-2019) was the hottest ever recorded, while Europe saw its hottest year in 2019, according to Climate Change Service. This has made a difference to Earth’s regional ecosystems, not least of all, on its usually-frozen poles. In 2019, the sea ice cap in the Arctic shrank to 1.6 million square miles, down from 2.44 million square miles in 2010—with no sign that it will rebound, says NASA’s Earth Observatory. This has changed weather patterns and sea levels, and it has had devastating（毁灭性的）effects on wildlife, including polar bears.Polar bears rely on sea ice in order to raise their babies and hunt their food—mostly ring seals. Without it, and trapped on land, they’re going hungry and their numbers are falling off. As National Geographic reported in 2015, they’re getting “creative” to stay alive. One strategy noticed by a team of researchers in Svalbard, Norway was that bears managed to trap a species of dolphin they don’t usually eat, which swam into their habitat, ate some of it, then buried the rest in snow to eat later—a behavior these animals don’t normally exhibi t.Polar bears in the western Hudson Bay have been eating another alternate and highly unusual food source——snow geese eggs. While this may be a most welcome snack alternative in the absence of ring seals, it cannot maintain the bears long term.As is known to all, there is no doubt that polar bears are in great danger. Because the world is warming faster than their ability to keep pace. Additionally, every physical feature of a polar bear—from ice-gripping claws to thick warm coats—is designed for a life of extremely cold. And that white fur? In a non-white world, it stops acting as camouflage(伪装）. Unfortunately, in a world without ice, polar bears will most likely cease to exist.1.Why do the polar bears have to eat dolphins instead of ring seals?A.Because polar bears’ babies like dolphins best.B.Because dolphins are more delicious than ring seals.C.Because dolphins usually swim into their habitat.D.Because the weather pattern has changed and sea level has risen.2.According to the passage, what plays an important role in Arctic for polar bears?A.Physical featureB. White furC. Ice-grippingD. Ring seals.1.Where is the passage probably taken from?A.A fiction bookB. An ad websiteC. A science magazineD. A travel guide【答案】1~3 DAC【解析】本文为说明文，说明了全球变暖导致了北极的冰盖减少与海平面上升，北极熊面临的困境。

1.推理判断题根据第一段最后一句“This has changed w eather patterns and sea levels, and it has had devastating（毁灭性的）effects on wildlife, including polar bears. ”及第二段第四句“... trap a species of dolphin they don’t usually eat, which swam into their habitat, ....”可知是由于天气模式改变了，导致了北极熊捕获不到海豹，它们只能退而求其次，去捕获进入栖息地的海豚，故选D。

2.细节理解题根据第三段第三句“Additionally, every physical feature of a polar bear—from ice-gripping claws to thick warm coats—is designed for a life of extremely cold. ”可知是北极熊的身体特征对生活在寒冷的北极起着重要作用，故选A。

3.推理判断题首段从全球变暖引出了北极熊所处的困境，然后具体说明了北极熊所面临的觅食困难，判断出应该来自于科学杂志，故选C。

【词汇积累】rebound [rɪˈbaʊnd] v. 回升，反弹alternate [ɔːlˈtɜːnət] n. 替换物，代理人adj. 另外的，可供选择的【句法剖析】1.One strategy noticed by a team of researchers in Svalbard, Norway was that bears managed to trap a species of dolphin they don’t usually eat, which swam into their habitat, ate some of it, then buried the rest in snow to eat later—a behavior these animals don’t normally exhibit.句意：挪威斯瓦尔巴特群岛的一个研究小组注意到（北极熊）的一个策略是，北极熊设法捕捉到一种它们通常不吃的海豚，它们游到自己的栖息地，北极熊先吃一些，然后把剩下的埋在雪里方便以后再吃，——这些动物通常不会表现出这种行为。

此句中noticed by a team of researchers in Svalbard, Norway作后置定语，修饰strategy, that 引导表语从句，其中表语从句中又含有省略关系词that/which的定语从句they don’t usually eat及which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词dolphin，managed、ate与buried并列，破折号后面的内容为补充说明前文，其中含有省略关系词that/which的定语从句these animals don’t normally exhibit，修饰先行词behavior。

2.As is known to all, there is no doubt that polar bears are in great danger.句意：众所周知，北极熊处于极大的危险之中是毫无疑问的。

此句中含有as引导的定语从句，主句为there is no doubt that...句型，BMath Scores haven't Budged①in a Decade About 41% of fourth graders and 34% of eighth graders scored proficient②in math in 2019. That's not significantly different from 2017.Carr, a leader of the assessments division for the National Center for Education Statistics, which administers the NAEP to a representative sample of students across the country every two years, said the math scores are also about the same as a decade ago.But since 1990, students at both grade levels have improved in math: Fourth graders this year scored 27 points higher on the 300-point exam compared with their peers in 1990. Eighth grade students posted an average score that was 19 points higher than in 1990.What else has happened to math and reading scores in the past decade?The gap between the most- and least-competent students got bigger."Compared to a decade ago, we see that lower-achieving students made score declines in all of the assessments, while higher-performing students made score gains," Carr said.This divergence③in performance is one reason why average student achievement hasn't changed in a decade, Carr explained.Is there any good news in the 2019 NAEP reading and math results?Yes. Washington, D.C., students showed big gains in fourth grade reading and eighth grade math. In fact, D.C. Public Schools was the only large district to show test-score gains in three of the four assessments since 2017, Carr said.Mississippi was the only other state to improve in fourth grade reading since 2017.Detroit's public schools pulled out a big win in fourth grade math: Students scored 6 points higher there than in 2017.Boys, Hispanic students and English language learners also improved in fourth grade math over the past two years.【新词积累】budge [ˈbʌdʒɪt] vi. 挪动；微微移动；改变态度或意见vt. 使让步；移动；使改变态度proficient [prəˈfɪʃnt] adj.精通的，熟练的n.能手，老手，专家divergence [daɪ'vɜːdʒ(ə)ns] n. 分叉；分歧；背离；离题【金句赏析】1."Compared to a decade ago, we see that lower-achieving students made score declines in all of the assessments, while higher-performing students made score gains," Carr said.卡尔说：“与十年前相比，我们发现成绩较低的学生在所有的评估中得分都有所下降，而成绩较高的学生得分有所上升。