主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补 Ｓ+Vt+Ｏ+Ｃ
1. What is your given name? 2. I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. 3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep. 4. I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!
2．月亮升起了。 T__h_e_m_o_o_n_h_a_s_r_is_e_n_. ___________________________________ 3．我们勤奋学习。 W __e__st_u_d_y_h_a_r_d_. ______________________________________ 4．我们大家都要呼吸、吃和喝。 _W__e_a_ll_b_r_e_a_th_e_,_e_a_t_a_n_d_d_r_in_k_. ___________________________
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型 及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。
掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
一： Ｓ+Vi （主＋谓） 二： Ｓ+Link-V+Ｐ （主＋系＋表） 三： Ｓ+Vt+Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） 四： Ｓ+Vt+DO+IO （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 五： Ｓ+Vt+Ｏ+Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
1.Plants need water.
主 + 谓+ 宾 Ｓ+Vt+Ｏ
2.The flower is so fresh.
主 + 系 + 表 Ｓ+Link-V+Ｐ
3.The sun rises in the east.
主 + 谓 Ｓ+Vi
4.He gives me some flowers.
主 + 谓 +间宾 +直宾 Ｓ+Vt+DO+IO
8.The children are jumping and laughing happily.
主 + 谓 Ｓ+Vi 9. He often tells me some stories.
主 + 谓 +间宾 +直宾 Ｓ+Vt+DO+IO
10.The students must keep their eyes closed.
基本句型 五
S+Vt+O+C 主+谓+宾+宾补
特点：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表 达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才使 意思完整。
S + Vt + O + C
They call
me
John.
Ｓ 1. We
Vt（及物） Ｏ（宾语）Ｃ（宾补） keep (keep) the table clean.
基本句型 三 S+Vt+O (主+谓+宾)
特点：谓语动词有实义，但不能表达完整意思，必须跟一
个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫
做及物动词。
S + Vt + O
I
ate
an apple.
Ｓ Vt (实义动词）
Ｏ
1. Who knows
(know) the answer?
2. She laughed at (laugh at) her friend.
(五) 挑出下列句中的状语 ① There was a big smile on her face. ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs. ③ He began to learn English when he was eleven. ④ The man on the motorbike was traveling too fast.
3．他不介意受到老师的责备。 __H__e_d_id_n_'_t_m_i_nd__b_e_in_g_b_l_am__e_d_b_y_t_h_e_t_e_a_c_h_er_._______________ 4．我想喝杯茶。 _I_w_o_u_l_d_li_k_e_t_o_h_a_v_e_a_c_u_p_o_f_t_e_a_. _________________________
(feel) happy. (look) fun. (seem) sad. (become) cool
【活学活用】
请用“主语＋系动词＋表语”的句型翻译下列句子。
1．这台机器的情况良好。 _T_h_is__m_a_c_h_in_e_i_s _in__go_o_d__co_n_d_it_i_on_._________________________ 2．丝绸摸起来又软又滑。 _S_i_lk_f_e_e_ls__so_f_t_a_n_d_s_m_o_o_t_h_. _____________________________ 3．他似乎对这本书感兴趣。 H__e_s_e_e_m_e_d_i_nt_e_r_e_st_e_d__in_t_h_e_b_o_o_k_. ________________________ 4．真相是他失踪了。(表语从句) T__h_e_t_ru_t_h_i_s_t_h_a_t _h_e_is__m_is_s_in_g_.___________________________
(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 ① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. ② He asked her to take the boy out of school. ③ She found it difficult to do the work. ④ They call me Lily sometimes. ⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.
基本句型 四
S+Vt+DO+IO (主+谓+间宾+直宾)
特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。 一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。
S + Vt + Do + Io
He passed me
a book.
Ｓ
Ｖt（及物） DO间宾 IO直宾
（人） （物）
1. He 2. She 3. He
Grammar Revision
基本句型 一 S+Vi (主+谓)
• 特点：谓语动词能表达完整意思。 • 这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可跟副词、介词短语、
状语从句等。
S + Vi
The sun rises.
S
Time Class The man I The sun
Vi（不及物动词）
flies begins doesn’t smoke
温馨提示
请准备好你的笔记本、双色笔, 极度的学习激情!
The world belongs to the energetic. 世界属于充满活力的人。
初高中衔接课
第二讲 五种基本句型结构 Miss Wu
review （一） 挑出下列句中的宾语
① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
(二) 挑出下列句中的表语 -- The old man was feeling very tired.
-- The leaves have turned yellow. -- Soon They all became interested in the subject.
(三) 挑出下列句中的定语
3. They ate
( eat) some apples.
【活学活用】
请用“主语＋及物动词＋宾语”的句型翻译下列句子。
1．她微笑着表示感谢。 S__h_e_e_x_p_re_s_s_e_d_h_e_r_t_h_a_nk_s__w_it_h_a__sm__ile_._____________________ 2．他们想查明谁打烂了窗户。 __T_h_e_y__w_an_t_e_d_t_o_f_i_nd__o_u_t _w_h_o_b_r_o_k_e_t_h_e_w_i_nd_o_w_._____________
passed (pass) her brought (bring) me bought (buy) you
a dress. a watch. a book.
【活学活用】
请用“主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语”的句型翻
译下列句子。
1．我想为他挑选一份合适的礼物。 _I_w_a_n_t_t_o_c_h_o_o_s_e_a_s_u_it_a_b_le__pr_e_s_e_n_t_f_o_r _h_im_._________________ 2．太阳给了我们光和热。 T__h_e_s_un__g_iv_e_s_u_s_li_g_h_t_a_n_d_w_a_r_m_t_h_. ________________________ 3．Mr.Smith 教我们数学。 M__r_.S_m_i_t_h_t_e_ac_h_e_s_u_s_M__a_th_.______________________________