第一，什么是环境？换言之，当人们讨论环境问题时在讨论什么？“环境”这一词组出现在很多语境，环境污染和环境问题也是日常生活中耳熟能详的短语。但是对于环境的内涵和外延，往往理解不深、探究不足。本课程拟从最基本的概念出发带领同学们展开有关环境的本质概念的思考与讨论。
第二，什么是环境问题？近年来频发的雾霾天让大气污染进入大多数人的视野，但是环境问题不仅仅是大气污染问题，还有水污染，土壤污染，森林退化，以及气候变化等问题。本课程拟分类介绍环境问题并阐释其发生机理，让同学们了解环境问题的多样性的同时，也帮助其将所学的基础科学知识与现实问题联系起来。
中国的环境问题非常严重。在过去几十年中国的经济、社会发展取得了巨大的成就。但经济的高速发展，资源和能源的低效密集利用，也使得中国环境问题日益凸显。大气、水、土壤污染严重，生活垃圾围城，化工厂爆炸、海洋溢油污染等环境事故频发。本课程在介绍环境问题时主要以中国的环境问题为案例进行阐释。
本课程旨在让同学们了解环境问题的现状及其产生的根源和培养同学们在未来工作中将环境纳入考虑的意识以及提出环境问题解决之道的能力。课程涵盖普适性的环境科学和公共政策理论、着眼于中国所面临的现实问题、突出环境问题的跨学科特点，并通过回答一系列的根本性问题来阐释课程内容：
Fifth, why are we concerned about environmental problems? What are the impacts environmental problems pose to us and our future generations? What kind of value judgment we made when we only consider the impacts on human beings? This course will answer these questions by elaborating the impacts on human health and welfare of environmental problems, and introducing the impacts of environmental degradation on other species and the issues of environmental trade barriers.
The objective of the course is to help students to understand the status and cause of environmental problems and enable them to make environmentally sound decisions. The basics of environmental sciences will be explained where there is a need in introducing concrete problems; economic theories which help understand public policies will be elaborated in introducing environmental policies. The course will be presented by answering a series of questions.
First, what is environment? Put it another way, when people talk about environmental problems, what do they mean? “Environment” is frequently mentioned in daily conversation. Environmental pollution and environmental problems are familiar phrase as well. However, the meaning of the word “environment” is vague to most people. This course will start with basic concepts and lead the students to discuss the connotation and denotation of environment.
第五，为什么要关注环境问题？环境问题的存在对当下的人们及其后代有什么样的影响？当只考虑环境对人类的影响时，做了怎样的价值判断？本课程拟从环境问题对人类健康和生存的影响出发，来阐释我们为什么关注环境问题，同时也会探讨生态环境恶化对其它物种的影响以及环境作为贸易壁垒的议题。
第六，如何降低甚至消除人类活动对环境的影响？要回答这个问题，需要回答两个更为根本的问题：影响人们生产和生活活动行为的因素有哪些？如何才能使视角来介绍影响人们行为的因素，以及可以用来影响人们行为的政策工具。
Fourth, what are the causes of environmental problems? What is the relationship between human activities and the environmental problems? Are human activities necessary and sufficient conditions for the emergence and presence of environmental problems? This course will elaborate the causes of the major environmental problems both in a general sense and in a Chinese context.
Second, what are environmental problems? There are many environmental problems threatening the earth and its inhabitants, just name a few, river pollution, soil pollution, forest degradation, and climate change. The course will give a general introduction to environmental problems to help students understand the diversity and complexity of environmental issues. The basic sciences governing the environmental processes will be introduced as necessary.
Third, what are environmental problems China faces? China is confronted with many environmental problems. Some are perceptible and familiar ones for instance air pollution, while some others are imperceptible and not known by many people for instance loss of biodiversity. Even for those familiar ones, it is less known how severe the problems are. This course will use Chinese examples to substantiate the general environmental problems in the lectures.
中国环境问题与环境政策课程详细信息
课程号
12730080
学分
2
英文名称
Environmental Issues and Policies in China
先修课程
无
中文简介
环境问题是人类社会发展到现阶段面临的严峻问题，环境污染给人体健康带来巨大的风险，气候变化威胁着人类的生存。环境问题主要是人类生产和生活活动的副产物，其产生与每个个体的行为息息相关。环境问题的解决需要每个人的参与，也需要公共政策制定者创造条件来激励人们的参与。本课程拟系统地介绍环境问题及其产生根源和解决之道。
Environmental problems in China is quite severe. China has achieved enormous success in social and economic development. This achievements are obtained with a price. Environmental problems plague China: air, water and soil pollution is notoriously severe, trash problems besiege urban and rural areas, chemical plants explosion and oil spillover occur from time to time. In introducing environmental problems, Chinese examples will be heavily used in this course.
第七，如何制定有效的环境政策？环境政策的制定需要考虑哪些因素？人们的生产和生活活动种类多样，在设计政策激励这些活动的改变时需要有怎样的考虑？本课程拟就每一类政策工具的特点，背后的理论和所适用的范围作阐释，并用中国的环境政策作为实例将理论和现实联系起来。
英文简介