The target of language learning, is the
mastery of
elements of linguistic system.
These elements are usally descibe d as
phonological units (phonemes)
grammatical units (phrases, clauses, se ntences)
Total physical response
1, A language teaching method
2,Based on the coordination of language and physical movement.
3,In TPR, instructors give commands to students in the target language, and students respond with whole-body actions.
grammatical operations (adding, shiftin g, joining or transforming elements)
lexical items (function words and struct ure words)
Methods based on this view of lang uage
Restatement : Teacher : Tell me not to smoke so often. Student : Don't smoke so often!
The following example illustrates how more than one sort of drill can be incorporated into one practice session :
“Teacher: There's a cup on the table ... repeat Students: There's a cup on the table Teacher: Spoon Students: There's a spoon on the table Teacher: Book Students: There's a book on the table Teacher: On the chair Students: There's a book on the chair
The Audiolingual method Total Physical Response The Silent Way
The audio-lingual method
1,A style of teaching used in teaching foreign languages.
2,Based on behaviorist theory which pቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱofesses that
certain traits of living things, and in this case humans, could be trained through a system of reinforcement—correct use of a trait would receive positive feedback while incorrect use of that trait would receive negative feedback.
knowing its structural rules and vocabulary.
some of the areas of research in thi s view of language:
linguistic analysis textual discourse analysis
Thank you
肢体反应教学法#肢体语言是国与国之间、 人与人之间相互沟通最易理解的一种表达 方式。所以老师上课以口语命令为重点， 利用肢体语言，手势，示范，让学生了解 口语命令并模仿。老师复诵口语命令，熟 练运用TPR教学特点非常符合孩子早期爱 动的性格特征。
Each language has a finite number of such
The structural view of language sees language as a linguistic system made up of various subsystems
Phonology-----the sound system
Morphology----the discret units of meaning produced by sound combinations
Syntax-----the system of combining units of meaning for communication
phonological units
language elements
grammatical operations
grammatical units
lexical items
Inflection : Teacher : I ate the sandwich. Student : I ate the sandwiches.
Replacement : Teacher : He bought the car for half-price. Student : He bought it for half-price.
GROUP 3
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张宏娟 杨宇宏 杨维 刘婷 邓钒
The structural view of language
The structural view of language is that language is a system of structually related elements for the transmission of meaning.
structural items.
To learn a language means to learn these structural items so as to be able to
understand and produce language.
The structural view limits knowing a language to