2018高二下学期英语期末考试复习Unit4 Body language一．单词考点Section A Warming-up,Reading&Comprehending1.statement n[C,U]声明，陈述，报告；说明；表白搭配：a statement on/about sth.关于某事/某物的声明(陈述)make/issue a statement发表声明a public/a written/an official statement公开/书面/正式声明eg:A government spokesman made a statement to the press about this accident.注：state v“陈述，阐明，声明；指定(日期、地点、价钱等)”“状态，状况，情况”neg:①The spokesman stated that the treaty(条约)would be signed on 15th June.②The room was in a very dirty state.2.greet vt“(和某人)打招呼或问好；欢迎；迎接”搭配：greet sb.with...用……向某人打招呼(欢迎某人)eg:We greeted our teacher with a smile.3.represent vt用法⑴“代表；象征，表示”eg:A dove(鸽子)represents peace.⑵描绘；成为……实例搭配：represent...as...把……描绘成……represent sth.to sb.向某人描绘某事/某物represent oneself as/to be...自称是……eg:①He presents himself as a friend of the president.②He represented his country at the conference.区别：represent,stand for⑴represent“表示，代表，说明”多用于实体代表，有被动。
⑵stand for“代表，意味”多用于抽象事物代表。
一般指符号或标志等，无被动。
eg:①The dove represents peace.②U.N stands for the United Nations.4.association n的用法⑴[C]协会，社团，联盟(注：作主语时，谓语动词可用单数形式，也可用复数形式。
) eg:We formed an association to help people in trouble.⑵[C,U](与某人、社团或组织的)联系，关联；交往搭配：in association with...与……联合/合作have (no)association with...与……有(没有)联系eg:He has no association with foreigners.注：associate vt“联系；结合”搭配：associate...with...把……与……结合起来be associated with与……有联系eg:He associates politics with war.5.curiously adv—curious adj好奇的，求知欲强的—curiosity n好奇心搭配：be curious about...对……好奇be curious to do...极想做……in/with curiosity好奇的out of curiosity出于好奇eg:People are curious about everything they see.6.approach的用法⑴作n时，[C]“路径，道路，通道”；“(待人接物或思考问题的)方法，方式，态度”[U]“接近，靠近(可指距离或时间)”搭配：an approach to sth.做某事的方式/方法eg:①The best approach to learning a foreign language is the study of the spoken English.②All the approaches to the airport were blocked by the police.③Our approach frightened the birds away.⑵“接近，靠近(可指距离或时间)”eg:Spring is coming.注：与approach一样可以与介词to搭配的名词有：answer/key,entrance,visit(or),way/road,guide, monument等。
区别：approach,way,means,method⑴approach指接近某人、某物，也可指待人接物或思考问题的方式、方法。
常与介词to连用。
⑵way多指一般的思想、行动、做事的方法，也可指个人特殊的方式、方法。
其前的介词常用in，其后的介词用of,也可跟不定式。
⑶means用于抽象意义时，指为达到某一目的所采用的策略；用于具体意义时，常指为达到某一目的所使用的工具、材料等。
其前介词用by，其后介词用of。
⑷method指具体的、系统的、有步骤的方法。
其前介词用with,其后介词用of。
[U]防御；保卫；辩护7.defencen搭配：come/rush to one’s defence出来保护某人in defence (of)保护；为了保卫(……)；为……辩护in one’s defence站在某人一边；为某人辩护eg:Two of his friends came to her defence.注：defend“保护，保卫；辩护”vt搭配：defend...from/against...保护/保卫……免受……；为……辩解而反驳……eg:Their duty is to defend the country against the enemy.8.major的用法⑴作adj时，“主要的，重要的；大的(一般作前置定语)”搭配：play a major role in sth.在某事中起主要作用eg:A major earthquake happened in Japan on March 11th ,2011.⑵作n时，[C]“主修课程；专业课”eg:His major is economics at college.⑶作vi时，“主修”搭配：major in主修eg:She majors in management.That is,her major is management.注：major及其反义词minor都无比较级，与to连用；而不与than连用。
此类词还有superior(优秀的，高级的)；senior(年长的)；junior(年少的)；inferior(较差的，级别低的)。
区别：major,main,chief,leading⑴major指几方中某一方比较重要，比较有影响力。
⑵main强调在一系列事物中，数量、规模、功能及重要性都大于其他同类事物。
⑶chief主要用于表示人或物在顺序或级别方面占首位。
⑷leading指人或物在某方面起带头作用或占主导地位。
[C,U]“误解，误会”9.misunderstandingn搭配：misunderstanding of/about sth.关于某事的误会misunderstanding between A and B A与B之间的误解eg:We had a little misunderstanding with our neighbors last night.10.on the contrary“与此相反，正相反”用于说明与前面所述事情相反；作状语时，位置灵活。
eg:—I think you like rock music.—On the contrary,it’s too noisy.contrary短语：to the contrary完全不同的(地)(be)on the contrary与……相反be contrary to sth.与……相反quite the contrary正相反，恰恰相反11.misunderstand vt误解；误会—misunderstanding n误解；误会eg:He misunderstood what I said.12.be likely to do sth.可能做某事eg:In my opinion,he is likely to win the game.区别：likely,possible,probable⑴根据程度差别的大小，排序为：probable(十有八九)＞likely(十有五六)＞possible(十有一二).⑵以人或物作主语时，只能用likely.⑶likely用法为:It is likely that从句.或Sb./Sth. is likely to do.⑷It is probable that从句.⑸It is possible that从句/(for sb.)to do(注：作表语时，主语不能是人。
)13.in general(=generally speaking)“总地来说；从整体上看”“通常；大体上”作插入语，一般位于句首。
eg:①In general,the standard of your study is very high.②I think people now are giving much thought to (关注)the environment.Section C Using Language1.misread(misread,misread)“读错，误读”“误解”vt搭配：misread...as...把……误读为……eg:①I misread “son”as “soon”.②He saw me hesitate and misread the situation.2.function的用法⑴作n时，[C]“作用，功能，职责”搭配：perform many different functions履行许多不同的职责perform an important function起重要作用perform/serve a function尽到职责eg:The function of a cash-machine is to provide people with cash when the bank is shut.⑵作vi时，“起作用；正常工作；运转”搭配：function as起……作用，具有……功能eg:①The sofa functions as a bed at night.②This sofa can also function as a bed.3.at ease“舒适，不费力气，放心，轻松”搭配：with ease“容易地”put sb.at ease使不受拘束，使舒适take one's ease休息，放松一下stand at ease稍息eg:When you feel nervous,you’d better listen to some light music to put yourself at ease.其中：ease n[U]舒适，安逸，自在；容易，不费劲ease v减轻，缓解，(使)宽慰；缓和，放松eg:I eased her mind by telling her that the children were safe.4.lose face丢脸；失面子eg:Tom felt he lost face when his teacher scolded him in front of the class.face短语：in the face of...面对……；不顾；尽管face to face面对面地look sb.in the face直视某人make a face做鬼脸save one's face挽回面子show one's face露面，到场to one's face当着某人的面，直接地，直率地5.turn one’s back to sb./sth.转身背对某人/某物；背叛，抛弃eg:①When on stage,try not to turn your back to the audience.②Why did you suddenly turn your back to our appointment?有关turn构成的短语：turn on打开turn down调低；拒绝turn up调高；出现，露面turn off关掉turn over翻转；移交turn out结果是；生产；出席，在场turn back翻回；折回去turn away转过脸去turn to转向；向……求助turn (a)round转身，(使)好转turn a deaf ear to sth.对……充耳不闻(置若罔闻)turn one’s nose up at sth.瞧不起(轻视)……shut/close one’s eyes to sth.对……视而不见6.look away from不看，不注视；把目光从……上移开eg:Don’t look away from me when I’m speaking to you.有关look的短语：look back on sth.回忆/回顾/回首某事look down on/upon sb./sth.轻视/看不起……look forward to sb./sth.(高兴地)盼望/期待……look out for sb./sth.当心/提防……look to sb.for sth.指望/依赖/期待某人提供……look on sb./sth.as...把……看作……7.表示部分否定的几种形式not always...并非总是……not all...不是所有都……not...all...不……所有……(=all...not...)not both...并非两者都……(both...not...)not every(-)...不……所有……not every(-)...不是每个……都……eg:He is not always late for school.I didn't take all the photos by myself.注：对以上进行全部否定时，要用与之相对应的否定词none,neither,never,no(-)。