本科生毕业设计说明书学院专业年级姓名指导教师年月日本科生毕业设计任务书题目：学生姓名学院名称专业学号指导教师职称一、原始依据（包括设计或论文的工作基础、研究条件、应用环境、工作目的等。

）二、参考文献三、设计（研究）内容和要求（包括设计或研究内容、主要指标与技术参数，并根据课题性质对学生提出具体要求。

）指导教师（签字）年月日审题小组组长（签字）年月日天津大学本科生毕业设计开题报告摘□□要(“摘要”之间空两格，采用三号字、黑体、居中，与内容空一行) □□×××××××××（空两格，内容采用小四号宋体）采用小四号、宋体、接排小四号、黑体、顶格ABSTRACT(采用三号字、Times New Roman字体、加粗、居中、与内容空一行)□□×××××××××（空两格，内容采用小四号Times New Roman字体）In order to satisfy the requirements of the multilayer piezoelectric ceramic device, the piezoelectric ceramic should have excellent dielectric and piezoelectric properties in a low sintering temperature. In this thesis, NiO and CuO were used as sintering aids, to study the effect of different sintering aids on the microstructure, density, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of PZT-PNN-PZN quaternary piezoelectric ceramics.The PZT-PNN-PZN quaternary piezoelectric ceramics was fabricated by the two-step method. Firstly, the influence of the amount of NiO on the sintering characteristic and electrical properties of PZT-based quaternary piezoelectric ceramics was studied. The results show that the addition of NiO did not change the crystal structure of PZT-based quaternary piezoelectric ceramics, and the formed liquid phase promoted densification and reduced the sintering temperature during the sintering process. But the addition of NiO did not improve the electrical properties specimens. When the amount of NiO is 1mol%, the piezoelectric constant d33, relative dielectric constant εT/ε0, dielectric loss tanδ of specimen which was sintered at 950℃ for 4h are33/ε0=2311.56, tanδ=0.021.And the different influence of as follows: d33=337pc/N, εT33adding NiO before and after the secondary composition for the sintering characteristics and properties of specimens. The results show that the specimens which NiO is added after the secondary composition have high-density structure and excellent electrical properties.Finally, in order to getting specimen which have excellent electrical properties in a low sintering temperature, a amount of CuO was added into PZT-PNN-PZN quaternary piezoelectric ceramics.The experimental results show that the add of CuO did not change the main crystal structure, and could clearly improve density. When 1mol% CuO was added into specimen, the piezoelectric constant d33, relative/ε0, dielectric loss tanδ of specimen which was sintered at 950℃dielectric constant εT33/ε0=2449.13, tanδ=0.0186.for 4h are as follows: d33=411pc/N, εT33Keywords: NiO; CuO; two-step method; multilayer piezoelectric ceramic device ; Doping：×××××；×××××；×××××；×××××；×××××；×××××采用小四号、Times New Roman字体、接排小四号、Times New Roman、加粗、顶格1目□□录（三号、黑体、居中、目录两字空两格、与正文空一行）□□第一章□□（空两格）☆☆☆（小三号、宋体）…………×□□□1.1□☆☆☆☆（空一格、四号宋体）………………………× □□□1.2□☆☆☆☆…………………………………………………× □□□1.3□☆☆☆☆…………………………………………………× ………………□□第四章□□（空两格）☆☆☆（小三号、宋体）…………×□□□4.1□☆☆☆☆…………………………………………………× □□□4.2□☆☆☆☆…………………………………………………× ………………□□参考文献（小三号、宋体）…………………………………× □□附录（小三号、宋体）………………………………………× □□外文资料（小三号、宋体） □□中文译文（小三号、宋体） □□致谢（小三号、宋体）1.1.1□☆☆☆（四号、黑体、顶格）□□☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆正文表1-3□□☆☆☆ ×××××× ×××××× （宋体五号，垂直居中）×××××××××（表与正文空一行）□□☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆（下一章另起一页）第二章□□☆☆☆☆☆（居中、小三号、黑体）2.1□☆☆☆（四号、黑体、顶格） 2.1.1□☆☆☆（四号、黑体、顶格）□□☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆正文（小四号、宋体、空两格）图2-5□□×××组织结构图正文开始标注页码： 位置：页面底端（页脚）； 对齐方式：居中参考文献（四号、黑体、顶格）[1]Liu G J，Yang P Y，Zhang W et al．Research on separation of minor elements from coal during combustion[J]．Journal of China University of Ming and technology，2000，6(1)：62—66．[2]岑可法，倪明江，落仲泱等．循环流化床锅炉理论、设计与运行[M]．北京：中国电力出版社，1998．10—12．[3]Li C M, Anbulagan. Heuristics based on unit propagation for satisfiability problems[A]. In: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence [C]. Nagova, Japan ：1997. 232 — 238.[4]李宁．煤高温燃烧过程中脱硫反应机理的研究及其工业性的应用[D]．杭州：浙江大学，2000．[5]ISO 5660-1. Fire Tests-Reaction to Fire-Rate of Heat Release from Building Products[S]. 1993.[6]Hansen P A. Fires in Types, Heat Release and Response of Vehicles[R]. Norway: Norwegian Fire Research Laboratory, 1995.[7]Kureha, Kagaku, Kabushiki Kaisha. Method of treatment for stoma-peripheral inflammation diseases[P]. US: 5556622, 1996-09-17.[8]OASIS. Universal description , discovery and integration[EB/OL]. http://www .uddi . org, 2001-11-14.[9]Anderson G W. A Burning Rate Model for Charring Materials[Z]. National Institute of Standards and Technology: Gaitherburg, 1997.（以上，如果需要两行的，第二行文字要位于序号的后边，与第一行文字对齐。