核与粒子物理导论
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原子核物理 卢希庭等 粒子物理 章乃森
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Maser Laser
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Fission and Fission Energy
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Politics is harder than Physics -- A. Einstein
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NMR and MRI
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Tevatron/FNAL
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威 耳 荪 大 厦
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对撞机谱仪
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L3-Largest Spectr.
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e + e → f f ( f = e, μ ,τ , qi )
+ −
Introduction to Nuclear and Particle Physics
主讲 许咨宗、伍健 2005、秋
核与粒子物理导论
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亚原子物理简介
Cosmos and Micro-cosmos Sub-atom Physics—the frontier for exploring micro-structure of matter Nucleus and Particles-the Lab. For Interaction research Research Platform,Spectrometers and Accelerators The garden for growing new thoughts and Hi-Tech
From cfA
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Our Milky Way
30kpc in dia. , 2×1011 stars
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Andromeda galaxy
2.9E6 lys from us.Several handr. Billions of Stars USTC/Xu Z.Z
The more particles come
The more Energy
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Accelerators in CERN
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Largest in World
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Underground
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RHIC/BNL
n,
2
E,
p
n~ A ,E =h , p = k ν
h
λ
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理论物理、光电效应
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电子衍射
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Quantum Mechanics
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Atom Model
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∂ i ψ = ΗΨ ∂t
(iγ μ∂μ − m)Ψ = 0
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Atom has a core
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Nuclear Structure
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Nucleon structure
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相对论时空观的建立
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对称性及其破缺
Space Inversion Symmetry Broken
教材和参考书
核与粒子物理导论(许咨宗,讲义) Introduction to High Energy Physics D.H.Perkins 粒子物理与核物理讲座 高崇寿、曾谨言 Subatom Physics Hans Fraunfield 亚原子物理 汉斯 弗朗费尔德 原子核物理进展 丁大钊等
Sub-atom
the frontier for exploring micro-structure of matter
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Structure of Matter
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Most Fundamental Particles
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3 families of construction blocks
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授课内容
实验方法(附录+1、2章);核与粒子的基 本特性(3章);核与粒子的非点结(4 章) 对称性与守恒定律(5、6章) 强子结构的quark 模型;粒子及其相互作用 (7章+8章?) 原子核的结构模型;原子核的衰变及原子核 反应 亚原子物理与其他学科的交叉
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P − 破缺
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NOV. -Revolution
J /ψ
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Electro-Weak Unification
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High Technology
原子过程的研究,激光技术的发展 原子核过程的研究,核能的利用 推动其他领域的技术革命和技术革新
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Discover X-ray
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Discover Electron
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Discover Radioactivity
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Energy Quanta
18
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Wave-Particle Duality
A, ω = 2πν, λ
~ 10 −10 m
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4 interactions in Cosmos
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Lab. for Interaction research
R ~ 10−18 m( weak )
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Research Platform
Accelerators:
High energy particle probes
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Cosmos and Micro-cosmos
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Evolution of Cosmos
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Large Scale Structure
Out to a distance of 150 Mpc (pc=3.086×1016m). Galaxy positions are plotted as white points.it’s said there are 1011 galaxies in Cosmos
Spectrometers :
Record and Transfer the signals of interactions between particles
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Why High Energy
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Create New Particles
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PET
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Open Questions
4种相互作用力的统一? 粒子质量的来源?Higgs 粒子? 部分子禁闭? 对称性的破缺? 粒子物理与宇宙学的交叉
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Keep Eyes On。。。
Belle and Barbar for CP violation CDF and D0 at FNL for Top and Higgs RHIC for QGP LHC for Higgs and QGP 2007 Neutrino Experiments in the world
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Scales
≥10 eV
10
108 ~1010 eV Q+L 4 8 10 ~10 eV Particles 10 ~10 eV 10−5 ~100 eV
Condense M
≥ 10 −9 m
1 4
Nucleus
~ 10 −14 m
≤ 10 −18 m ~ 10 −15 m
atom
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Au + Au → X + Y +
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The Garden for growing new Philosophy and HiTech
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New philosophy
从经典物理到量子物理 建立科学的原子结构理论 建立唯像的原子核结构模型 中子、质子不是基本粒子 相对论时空观的建立 对称性的破缺 相互作用力的统一