高考英语完形填空考点：词性讲解和选练题附解析完形填空----判断词性、词义和词形(一)该资源讲解：冠词、代词、形容词和副词。

语篇填空既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，就应先快速浏览短文，把握全文大意，然后分析句子结构确定填哪类词。

一、冠词1. 主要考查的知识点：定冠词的基本用法、抽象名词具体化和固定搭配等。

2. 复习重点：(1)定冠词的用法(基本用法必须熟记。

下面几句顺口溜可以帮助记忆：特指双熟悉，上文已提及；世上独无二，序数最高级；普转专有名，习语及乐器。

（一）冠词（二）不定冠词的基本用法。

几种特殊用法：①专有名词前用不定冠词，表示“像……的一个人或物”，a Napoleon;②姓名前用不定冠词，表示“某个叫……的人”，多指不认识的人，a Miss Smith;③用于某些物质名词前，表示“一种、一份、一阵”等，a tea and a coffee;④用于某些抽象名词前，使抽象概念具体化。

这种用法的名词有：surprise/knowledge/success/failure/pleasure/interest/joy等等。

（三）冠词的判断：根据冠词修饰名词这一特点，如果空格位于名词前(或名词前还有个形容词)时，该空格可能是填冠词。

例1：Of all the subjects, I like history the best because it gives us ______ useful knowledge of things in the past.例2：Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up ______ weakening of the human body.二、代词1.主要考查的知识点：不定代词和替代词的用法，it的用法和人称代词的格。

2．复习重点：①指代必须准确无误。

②在使用人称代词、反身代词、物主代词这3类代词时，要注意它们在句中的人称、单复数及性别与所有格的一致性。

③疑问代词的用法。

3. 代词的判断：①空格所在的句子缺主语或宾语时，需考虑填代词或名词(多考代词)。

缺主语，用主格；缺宾语，用宾格；人称代词、不定代词、反身代词、指示代词等主要通过上下文来判断其语义和根据语法规则来判断其词形。

②名词在句子中作主语、宾语或表语且名词前面没有限定词，该名词前的空格可能是填some, any，other，another或与前面名词或人称代词对应的物主代词等限定词。

例1：On my desk is a photo that my father took of ______ when I was a baby.例2：Everyone round her was writing pages and pages. However hard she thought, she couldn't find ______ to write about.例3：A young tired-looking woman with a baby in her arms asked to be allowed to visit herhusband in prison. A short time later, when her husband with chains on his feet took a seat beside her, her tired face lit up. I watched them laugh, cry, and share ______ child.例4：—Which of the three ways shall I take to the village?— ______ way as you please.三、形容词和副词1. 主要考查的知识点：形容词作定语；形容词和副词的比较级、最高级等。

2. 重点复习：①形容词和副词的基本用法及相关语法规则。

②比较级的程度修饰语(much，very much，far，even，still，rather，any等)。

③表示起承转合的副词。

此功能与关联词相似，只是这种副词在用法上更加灵活多变。

典型的有though, however, also, therefore, still, besides, or，otherwise, first, second, then, finally等等。

3. 形容词/副词的判断：①根据形容词与连系动词连用及修饰名词的特点，如果空格前的动词是连系动词或空格在名词前(尤其是“冠词＋______ ＋名词”结构)时，该空可考虑填形容词；如果空格所填的词是修饰行为动词、形容词、副词、过去分词及整个句子(此时抽去空格，句意基本完整)，则考虑用副词。

②两个事物进行比较应用比较级，三个或三个以上事物进行比较应用最高级。

例1：Soon it would be the holidays. But before that, there were the end of year exams. All the students had been working ______ for some time.例2：A recent study found that dogs often yawned after watching people do it. In the study, a human researcher yawned in front of 29 dogs. More than 70 percent of the dogs yawned back. That finding shocked the researcher. The percentage is much ______ than humans' yawn responserate. Humans tend to “catch” 45% to 60% of yawns.第1篇阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary. I was _1___to see that it was an English dictionary, also known as a monolingual dictionary._2__it was a dictionary intended for non—native learners, none of my classmates had one __3__, to be honest, I found it extremely __4_ to use at first. I would look up words in the dictionary and _5__ not fully understand the meaning. I was used to the __6__ bilingual dictionaries, in which the words are _7__ both in English and Chinese. I really wondered why my aunt __8_ to make things so difficult for me. Now, after studying English at university for three years, I _9_ that monolingual dictionaries are __10_ in learning a foreign language As I found out, there is __11 often no perfect equivalence(对应)between two _12___ in two language. My aunt even goes so far as to 13__ that a Chinese "equivalent" can never give you the __14__ meaning of a word in English!___15 , she insisted that I read the definition(定义) of a world in a monolingual dictionary __16___ I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning. ____17__, I have come to see what she meant. Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way. This dictionary uses a(n) ___18___ number of words, around 2, 000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am ___19__ exposed to(接触)the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. 20 this, I can express myself more easily in English.( ) 1. A. worried B. sad C. surprised D. nervous( ) 2. A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. If( ) 3. A. but B. so C. or D. and( ) 4. A. difficult B. interesting C. ambiguous D. practical( ) 5. A. thus B. even C. still D. again( ) 6. A. new B. familiar C. earlier D. ordinary( ) 7. A. explained B. expressed C. described D. created( ) 8. A. offered B. agreed C. decided D. happened( ) 9. A. imagine B. recommend C. predict D. understand( ) 10. A. natural B. better C. easier D. convenient( ) 11. A. at best B. in fact C. at times D. in case( ) 12. A. words B. names C. ideas D. characters( ) 13. A. hope B. declare C. doubt D. tell( ) 14. A. exact B. basic C. translated D. expected( ) 15. A. Rather B. However C. Therefore D. Instead( ) 16. A. when B. before C. until D. while( ) 17. A. Largely B. Generally C. Gradually D. Probably( ) 18. A. extra B. average C. total D. limited( ) 19. A. repeatedly B. nearly C. immediately D. anxiously( ) 20. A. According to B. In relation to C. In addition to D. Because of1.C . 通读全文可知,作者是一个中国大学生,中国人学英语,尤其是初学者习惯使用英汉词典.当作者看到英英词典的时候,他感到"吃惊".2.B.前后两句在意义上是让步关系,所以用although 引导让步状语从句.而A 项because 引导原因状语从句;Unless 和if'引导条件状语从句.3.A.此空格处是一个并列连词,连接前后两句.而前后两句之间存在的是转折关系,所以用but.4. A.最初用英英词典,不习惯,所以作者感觉用起来"很难difficult".interesting 是"有趣味的意思",根据下文not fully understand the meaning 不可能是这个答案;ambiguous 是"不明确的";practical 是"实用的",这两个词也不符合语境.5.C.句子中有否定词not,有副词fully,所以用still,表示"仍然不能够完全"的意思.6.B.be used to 表示"习惯……,对作者来说习惯了双语词典,或者说是英汉词典.这里指双语词典的使用对他来说是熟悉.7.A.此句是一个in which 引导的定语从句,其中words 是主语,根据常识在词典中单词的意思是被"解释出来"的,所以用explained.8.C.我真想知道我姑妈为什么决定这么为难我.其他三个词虽然都跟动词不定式,但是在这里意思都不恰当.9.D.过去不理解,经过一段时间后,"明白了understand";imagine 是"想象"的意思; recommend 是"推荐"的意思;predict 是"预测"的意思.10.B.此句中monolingual dictionaries 和bilingual dictionaries 比较,A 和D 项没用比较级, better 强调更好,更实用,而easier 则不可能.11.B.常见的情况是实际上两种语言之间的两个词没有完全的对应.in fact 表示"实际上, 事实上".at best 是"至多;充其量";at times 是"有时";in case 是"万一,以防", 显然A,C,D 项不合语境.12.A.词典上重点的内容应该是单词.13.B.我姑妈甚至还声称汉语意思决不能给出一个英语单词的确切意思.14.A.前面的a Chinese equivalent 和the meaning of a word in English 对应,所表明还是对应不准确的问题,所以用exact.15. C.此空后面的句子和前面表示的是一种"因果"关系,所以用therefore.16. A.表示"当……时候",用when 引导时间状语从句.而before 通常指"在……之前"; until 指"直到……时候";while 指"在……的同时".17. C.该句的谓语have come to see 是表示"变化过程",所以用gradually 表示"渐渐地".18. D.从后面的around 2,000 可知词典中用于解释词义的词是限制在2,000 左右.19. A.在有限的范围内,查阅阅读释义的话,就会反复接触基本词汇,学会这些词汇怎样用来解释事物和观点,所以用repeatedly 表示"反复地,经常地"20. D.后面主句部分I can express myself more easily in English.表达的是结果,此处表达的应该是原因,说明使用这种词典所带来的好处.第2篇阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。