_____________________学院2010—2011学年度第一学期期末考试《翻译理论与实践》试题A卷一、用直译法翻译下列习语。
（每小题1分，共10分）1. eye for eye, tooth for tooth.2. strike while the iron is hot.3. to show one’s cards4. to kill two birds with one stone.5. shed crocodile’s tears6. shuttle diplomacy7. misfortunes never come singly 8. met one’s Waterloo9. a drop in the ocean 10. Example is better than precept二、用意译法翻译下列习语。
（每小题1.5分，共15分）11. Shed crocodile’s tears 12. met one’s Waterloo13. at one single stroke 14.the stitch in time15. break the ice 16. illusory joy17. Take a French leave 18. Leave no stone unturned19. as poor as a church mouse 20. eat no fish三、根据括号里的要求翻译句子。
（每小题3分，共30分）21. He favored the efforts to improve relations with all peace-loving countries.（增译法）22. The supervisor urged the easing of tensions between them. （增译法）23. When the students finished all the books they had brought, they opened the lunch and ate it. （省译法）24. Like charges repel each other while opposite charges attract. （省译法）25. A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial. （转换法）26. Careful comparison of them will show you the difference。
（转换法）27. 我们上星期天在她家尽情地吃了一顿，(语序调整)28. 许多代表在本届人大上（at the current session of the National People’s Congress）激动地说：“我们从来没有看见过这样光明的前途。
”(语序调整)29. 蜗轮传动（Worm gear drives）没有噪音，没有振动，而且非常紧凑（compact）。
（反译法）30. 我们在做实验时越小心越好。
（反译法）四、翻译下列长句。
（每题5分，共15分）31. Courage in excess may become foolhardiness; prudence cowardice; thrift avarice; and tolerance weakness.32. History makes men wise; poetry witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep;moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. 33.蚯蚓把枯叶、杂草及落花拖进它们的洞穴，当这些枯叶、杂草落花腐烂以后，就使得土壤更加肥沃。
五、翻译下列段落。
（每题15分，共30分）34.It may be that I am a pessimist, for spring it is, not autumn, that makes me sad. Spring has always rightly been identified with youth, and the sorrows of youth are poignant（心酸的）bitter. The daffodils（水仙花）which challenge so proudly and splendidly the boisterous（狂暴的、猛烈地）March winds are soon shriveled and defeated, limply wrinkling to remind us of the inevitable ravages of time（时间的摧残）. The world is urgent with bursting life, with the wild exciting beauty of youth, but it is an impetuous （冲动的、猛烈的）beauty of scenes racing impatiently into the florid（绚丽的） and surfeited（过度的）luxury of summer. Here is no comfort and fulfillment, only passionate creation of transitory（短暂的） delight. 35.“我一看见他就喜欢上了他!” “她甚至还没有开口说一个字，我就知道她很有趣。
” 此类叙述(statements)就是“快速判断”（snap judgments）的例子，也就是迅速形成表面看来根本没有充分理由的（on no sound reason）判断。
多数人说这种快速判断是不可靠的，甚至是危险的。
但他们也承认他们常常会作出快速判断，并且发现这些判断是相当合理的（sound）。
2010—2011学年度第一学期期末考试《翻译理论与实践》试题标准答案及评分标准一、用直译法翻译下列习语。
（每小题1分，共10分）（评分标准：标准答案，答对一题的1分）1.以眼还眼、以牙还牙2. 趁热打铁3. 摊牌4. 一石二鸟5. 掉鳄鱼眼泪6. 穿梭外交7.祸不单行8. 遭遇滑铁卢9. 沧海一粟10 身教胜于言传二、用意译法翻译下列习语。
（每小题1.5分，共15分）（评分标准：标准答案，答对一题的1.5分）11. 猫哭老鼠；假慈悲12. 一败涂地13. 冰冻三尺非一日之寒14. 及时补一针，可以省九针15. 打破僵局16. 南柯一梦；黄粱美梦17. 不辞而别18. 千方百计19. 一贫如洗20. 忠实可靠三、根据括号里的要求翻译句子。
（每小题3分，共30分）（评分标准：符合要求，语句通顺达意得3分；符合要求，语句基本通顺达意得2分；不符合要求，不够通顺达意得0—1分。
）21. 他赞成为了同所有爱好和平的国家改善关系而进行努力。
22. 导师敦促他们缓和紧张关系。
23. 学生们看完了(他们)随身带的书, (他们)就打开饭盒吃起来。
24. 同性电荷相斥,异性电荷相吸。
25. 从他的办公室窗口可以一眼看到华盛顿纪念碑和林肯纪念馆的全景。
26. 只要仔细把它们比较一下, 你就会发现不同之处。
27. We ate to our hearts' content at her home last Sunday.28. A great number of deputies said excitedly at the current session ofthe National People’s Congress, "Never have we seen so bright a future lying before us!”29. Worm gear drives are quiet，vibration free, and extremely compact.30. We cann’t be too careful doing experiments.四、翻译下列长句。
（每题5分， 共15分）（评分标准：语句通顺达意得4—5分；语句基本通顺达意得3分；不够通顺达意得0—2分。
）31. 勇敢过度会变成鲁莽；谨慎过度会变成怯懦；节俭过度会变成贪婪；忍让过度会变成软弱。
32. 读史使人明智；读诗使人聪慧；数学使人精密；自然哲学使人深刻；伦理道德使人庄重；逻辑修辞使人雄辩。
33. Earthworms drag dead leaves, grass, and flowers into their burrows. When this plant material decays, it makes the soil more fertile.五、翻译下列段落。
（每题15分，共30分）（评分标准：忠实原文，表达通顺，无语法错误，得13-15分；基本达意通顺，有少数语法错误，得9-13分；表达欠缺，语法错误较多，酌情给0-9分。
）34. 我也许是一个悲观主义者，因为使我伤感的季节，是春天而非秋天。
人们总是把青春比作春天，这自然无可厚非，但青春逝去的哀伤却是苦不堪言的。
那笑傲三月狂风的水仙花，很快枯萎一片，花残叶败，紧锁的愁眉向人们诉说着天道的无情。
蓬勃的生命和狂热激奋的青春美丽催动着春天万物，良辰美景来去匆匆，转眼又是俗艳奢华的夏天了。
春天没有安然自得，没有任何结果，有的只是激情涌动和转瞬即逝的快乐。
35. “I liked him the minute I saw him!” “Before she even said a word, I knew there was something funny about her.” Such statements are examples of “snap judgments”, opinions which are formed suddenly, seemingly on no sound reason at all. Most people say snap judgments are unsound or even dangerous. They also admit they often make snap judgments and find them to be fairly sound.。