国际音标一、English Alphabet（26个英文字母）A a /ei/B b /bi:/C c /si:/D d /di:/E e /i:/F f /ef/G g /d?i:/H h /eit∫/ I i /ai/ J j /d?ei/ K k /kei/ L l /el/ M m /em/ N n /en/O o /?u/ P p /pi:/ Q q /kju:/ R r /ɑ:/ S s /es/ T t /ti:/U u /ju:/ V v /vi:/ W w /'d?blju:/ X x /eks/ Y y /wai/ Z z /zi:/ /zed/Vowels(元音字母): Aa Ee Ii(Yy) Oo Uu Consonants（辅音字母）: 除元音以外的全部字母是辅音[音素和国际音标]1．音标符号：为了把音标与字母进行区分，常把音标放在[ ]或者/ /里。
2．音素：音素是语音的最小单位。
3．音素的分类：元音（分为单元音和双元音）和辅音（按声带震动情况分为清辅音和浊辅音）。
4．音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。
5．音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。
二、International Phonetic Symbols国际音标（48个）1、元音（20个）：发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍单元音12个——短元音：/ ?/ /? / /?/ /i / /?/ /e/ /?/——长元音：/ɑ://?:/ /?:/ /i:/ /u:/双元音8个——合口双元音：/ei/ /ai/ /?i/ /??/ /a?/——集中双元音：/i?/deer /e?/bear pear their /??/February2、辅音（28个）发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍清辅音：/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /?/ /h/ /ts/ /t?/ /tr/浊辅音：/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e/ /z/ /?/ /r/ /dz/ /d?/ /dr/鼻音：/m/ /n/ /?/边音：/l / look 半元音：/j/ /w/3.国际音标手写体（一）20个元音（单元音、双元音）2、单元音gli/ come/k?m// ? / must/m?st/ does/d?z/ money/′m?ni/ ugly/′？/a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k/nist// ? / dog/d?g/ pot/p?t/ cost/k?st/ what/w?t/ honest/′？:gest / call/k?:// ?:/ horse/h?:s/ saw/s?:/ corn/k?:n/ August/′？/? / better/bet?/ never/nev?/ worker/w?:k?/ welcome/welk?m//?:/ nurse/n?:s/ bird/b?:d/ burn/b?:n/ turn/t?:n/ girl/g?:l//i/ it /it/ big/big/ city/siti/ give/giv/ sick/sik//i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/ keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ tea/ti: / meet/mi:t / monkey/′m??ki //u/ book/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/ would/wud/ could/kud//u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ foot/fu:t/ noon/nu:n/ blue/blu:/ fruit/fru:t / /e/ get/get/ best/best/ egg /eg/ help/help/ bread/bred//?/ fat/f?t/ have/h?v/ cat/k?t/ back/b?k/ hat/h?t/3、双元音1）集中双元音三个 [ e? ] [ i? ] [ u? ]/ e? / air/e? / tear/te? / care/ke? / dare/de? / fair/fe? / there/ee? //i?/ ear/i?/ near/ni?/ idea/ai′di?/ hear/hi?//u?/ tour/tu?/ poor/pu?/ sure/?u?/ your/ju?/2）合口双元音有五个 [a i ] [ ei ] [ ?i ] [ ?u ] [au ]有口型大小的变化，前后2个音依次滑动，前重后轻，前长后短。
/ai/ eye/ai/ time/taim/ buy/bai/ right/rait/ kite/kait/ tie/tai//ei/ may/mei/ name/neim/ game/geim/ eight/eit/ age/eid?//?i/ boy/b?i/ toy/t?i/ noise/n?iz/ voice/v?is/ point/p?int/ coin/k?in//?u/ no/n?u/ boat/b?ut/ home/h?um/ wrote/r?ut/ note/n?ut/ low/l?u//au/ now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/ about/ ?′baut/ south/sauθ/ house/haus/（二）28个辅音1、爆破音清辅音：[ p ] [ t ] [ k ] 浊辅音： [ b ] [ d ] [ g ]注意：清辅音：有气无声浊辅音：有声无气所谓爆破音，即一股强大的气流瞬间爆破，而汉语拼音是发不出这样的音的。
（一张纸，一起吹气。
）/p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/t?p/ cap/k?p/ people/pi:pl//t/ let/let/ sat/s?t/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid//k/ take/teik/ clock/kl?k/ class/kla:s/ weekend/′wi:kend//b/ bee/bi:/ by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/bl?k/ bear/bε？//d/ led/led/ sad/s?d/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/di?//g/ big/big/ flag/fl?g/ glass/gla:s/ good/gud/拼读练习：单元音与爆破音的组合辅+元 [ti:] [ka:] [du:] [d?:] [p?:] [ki:]元+辅 [eg] [?t] [?p] [i:t] [a:t] [?d]辅+元+辅 [b?:d] [bed] [d?g] [gud] [k?t] [pa:k]双元音与爆破音的组合辅+元[pei] [b?i] [g?u] [bai] [dei] [di?]元+辅 [eit] [aut] [eip] [eik] [u?d] [?ut]辅+元+辅 [kait] [b?ut] [keik] [geit] [daut] [bi?d]2、摩擦音清辅音：[ f ] [ s ] [ θ ] [ ? ] [ h ] 浊辅音：[ v ] [ z ] [ e ] [ ? ] [ r ]观察[ θ ] ，嘴巴张大，成“o“形，中间这个“-”，就像我们的舌头，如果要发好这个音，一定要把舌头露出来。
/f/ face/feis/ photo /′f?ut?u/ leaf/li:f/ surf/s?:f/ favorite/′feiv?rit//s/ face/feis/ mouse/maus/ ski/ski:/ stops/st?ps/ stand/st?nd/ spell/spel/ scarf/sca:f//θ/ bath/ba:θ/(v洗澡) mouth/mauθ/ breath/breθ/(n呼吸) truth/tru:θ//?/ she/?i:/ sharp/?a:p/ fish/fi?/ shock/??k/ shoe/?u://h/ he/ hi:/ hard/ha:d/ him/him/ heard/h?:d/ half/ha:f//v/ very/′veri/ five/faiv/ fever/′fi:v?/ serve/s?:v/ never/′nev?//z/ close/kl?uz/ keys/ki:z/ boys/b?iz/ pens/penz/ rose/r?uz//e/ the/ e?/ they/eei/ that/e?t/ mother/′m?e?/ then/een//?/ pleasure/′ple??/ television/′telivi??n//r/ red/red/ road/r?ud/ write/rait/ wrong/r??/ problem/′pr?bl?m/拼读练习：辅 + 元 [si:] [f?:] [zu:] [e ei:] [e e?] [?i:] [?u:] [?e?] [h?:][?s] [eif]元 + 辅 [if] [iz] [??] [?:θ］辅+元+辅 [haus] [saiz] [faiv] [ba:θ］[tu:θ］[?eiv] [bi:f] [feis] [?ip]3、破擦音清辅音：[ tr ] [ t? ] [ ts ] 浊辅音：[ dr ] [ d? ] [ dz ]/tr/ tree/tri:/ try/trai/ true/tru:/ trouble/traubl/ track/tr?k//t?/ catch/k?t?/ rich/rit?/ watch/wt?/ child/t?aild//ts/ let′s/lets/ sports/sp?:ts/ puts/puts/ writes/raits/ seats/si:ts//dr/ dry/drai/ dream/dri:m/ dress/dres/ drink/dri?k/ hundred/′h?ndrid//d?/ orange/′？rid?/ large/la:d?/ juice/d?u:s/ job/d??b//dz/ hands/h?ndz/ birds/b?:dz/ friends/freindz/ beds/bedz/ stands/st?ndz/拼读练习：辅 + 元 [tri:] [trai] [drai] [t?e?] [d??i] [dr?:]元 + 辅 [eid?] [its] [i:t?] [aut?] [eit?]辅 + 元 + 辅 [draiv] [k?ts] [t?i:z] [t?t?] [bedz] [dres] [d??z] [t?i:p] [tri:t] [d??uk]4、鼻辅音浊辅音：[ m ] [ n ] [ ? ]发[ m ]这个音时注意两片嘴唇闭合；发[ n ]这个音时注意舌尖要添住上齿龈，这个音就相当于我们汉语拼音中的前鼻音；发[ ? ]这个音时注意发音位置悬后，相当于我们汉语拼音中的后鼻音。