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(外研版)初中英语笔记 初二(上)

(外研版)初中英语笔记初二(上)Module 1 how to learn English1. Why don’t (you) do…是用来表示提出某种建议。

如:---Why don’t we drive to the park?---OK. /All right. /That’s a good idea.当我们提建议时,还可以使用其他句型:Why not take a walk in the park?What /How about going to Europe for a holiday?2. else“其他”,一般用在疑问词或某些代词之后,如:Who else did you see at the meeting?Does anyone else want to read this book?3. It’s a good idea to do…“做……是个好主意”4. paper, advice作不可数名词,表达“一张纸”、“一条建议”可用a piece of paper和a piece of advice。

几张或几条则用:基数词+pieces of…5. try (not) to do…“尝试(不)做……‖You should try to eat more fruit.6. remember to do sth. 记得做某事Remember to bring something to drink.7. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事I forget to call him.8. ask sb.(not)to do sth. 要求某人(不)做某事。

The teacher asked us to come to school on time.9. enjoy oneself =have a good time =have fun 玩得愉快Module 2 experiences1. 现在完成时⑴⑵⑶:have/ has+动词的过去分词㈠①用于表示在以前的某个时间曾经做过的、发生的事情,这种行为对目前有某种影响; ②还可以表示到目前为止曾经经历或没经历的事情; ③要表达某一行为或某一状态从过去某一时间一直持续到现在,也可用现在完成时表示。

如:I have seen the film. I don’t want to see it again.I have never visited the USA.I have lived in Beijing for 10 years.㈡常与现在完成时连用的时间状语:yet, never, ever(用于疑问句或否定句中);already, just, recently (用于肯定句中)。

They’re just heard a message from a spaceraft.㈢对一段时间的提问:how long…回答:since+时间点或for+一段时间---How long have you lived in Beijing ?---Since 2008./ For four years.㈣在现在完成时中,点动词(非延续性动词)一般不与表示延续的时间状语连用。

非延续性动词延续性动词非延续性动词延续性动词come back be back leave be awaybuy have learn knowborrow keep put on weardie be dead marry be marryI borrowed the book three weeks ago.改为:I have kept the book for three weeks.㈤点动词的谓语动词是否定形式,则可与表示一段时间的for短语连用。

如:My parents haven’t seen me for two years.㈥过去分词的变化形式大部分与动词的过去式形式相同,但不规则动词的变化无规律,如:see —saw—seen, send—sent—sent,be —was/were—been, break—broke—broken,keep —kept—kept, have/has—had—had,buy –bought—bought, make—made—made,go –went—gone, do –did—done.2. ①have been in “一直呆在某个地方”,与时间状语连用。

They have been in Beijing for two weeks.②have been to “去过某地,已经回来”。

---Have you ever been to London?---Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t.③has gone to “去了某地,还没回来”,常用于第三人称。

My father has gone to Wuhan, and he’ll be back this weekend.Module 3 journey to space无Module 4 education1. get on (well) with sb./sth. “和……相处(融洽)‖或“……进展(好)”。

He doesn’t get on well with his parents.2. eight-year-old为合成形容词,一般要用连字符连接起来,而且,year 也不用复数形式。

如:an 80-page book 一本80页的书a three-room apartment 三室的套房3. with the help of表示“在……的帮助下;借助于”。

如:They worked out the maths problem with the help of the teacher.4. because “因为”,后接从句;because of “因为”,后接名词或名词短语。

He didn’t go to the park because it rained.He didn’t go to the park because of the rain.5. look after=take care of “照顾”Who will look after the baby?6. pay for “支付”7. borrow from ―从……借来……‖;lenModule 5 western music1. ①反意疑问句:助动词/系动词be+主语(代词)---You aren’t a teacher, are you? 你不是老师吧?---Oh yes, I am a teacher.不,我是老师。

---He didn’t come to the meeting, did he?他没来开会,是吧?---No, he didn’t.对,他没来。

②陈述句部分有否定意义的词,反意疑问句要用肯定式。

如:never, no one, few, little, hardly, nothing…2.“使某人怎么样”:make sb. do sth.make sb. +形容词Sad films always make me cry.His waltzs made him famous all over Europe.3. not only…but also“不仅……而且……‖She not only sang, but also danced.Module 6 a famous story1. ①过去进行时:was/were+v.-ing一般来说,表示在过去某一时间正在发生的动作,都可以用过去进行时。

如:I didn’t hear the phone. My father was watching TV then.②常与过去进行时连用的时间状语:at the time, at five yesterday, then, at this time yesterday,last night, the whole morning…2. what …for?=why? 为什么。

如:What do we go to school for?Why do we go to school?3. be doing …when …表示一个动作在进行,另一个动作又发生了。

如:They were working in the fields when it began to rain.4. in the tree 表示人、鸟等外来物在树上;on the tree 表示花、果实长在树上。

5. smile at …对……微笑。

6. get +形容词:“变得”The weather is getting cold.7. 复合不定代词:something, nothing, everything, anything……如果形容词修饰这些复合不定代词,形容词置于后面。

如:nothing strange8. 动词不定式to do作后置定语时,可修饰复合不定代词。

如:nothing to do9. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事(习惯性或经常性)see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事(正在做)如: I saw she enter the house.I saw he playing basketball.(类似的有hear, feel, watch, notice.)10. ①go across=cross “穿过”,强调穿过某一平面(田野、桥等)。

②through 从某一空间内穿过。

(门gate、深林forest)③past 从某事物的一旁经过④over从平面的一边到另一边或越过某个高度⑤along/ down 表示沿着(街道、河流等)11. not …until 直到……才12. too many+可数名词“太多”,too many peopletoo much +不可数名词“太多”,too much musicmuch too+形容词“太……‖ much too hot13. have to do sth. 必须做某事I had to stay at home to look after her.14. too …to /…enough to “太……而不能”The boy is too young to go to school.The boy isn’t old enough to go school.Module 7 feeling and impressions1. 表感觉和知觉的系动词:feel, look, touch, smell, sound, taste…后接形容词。

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