必修五Unit 1 Great Scie ntists 伟大的科学家I . Vocabularysteam engine 蒸汽机control vt.& n. 控制；支配apart from 除…之外；此外characteristic n. 特征；特性absorb vt. 吸收；使专心creative adj. 有创造力的；独创radium n.镭severe adj. 严重的；严厉的；严的put forward 提出格的；剧烈的co-operative adj. 合作的theory n 。

理论；学说valuable adj. 贵重的；有价值的positive adj. 积极的；肯定的infect vt. 传染；感染clue n. 线索；提示be strict with 对…严格的infectious adj. 传染的pump n.泵；抽水机revolutionary adj. 革命的cholera n. 霍舌L pub n.酒馆；酒吧calculation n. 计算；计算结果scientific adj. 科学的blame vt.责备；谴责；把…归咎于；lead to 通向；导致examine vt. 检查；诊察；考察n.过失；责备movement n。

移动；运动；动作conclude vt. & vi. 结束；结论；议immediately adv. 立即；马上make sense有意义定handle n.柄；把手；vt.处理backward adv. & adj.向后地conclusion n. 结论；结束；议定germ n.微生物；细菌（的）；相反地（的）；退步地（的）draw a conclusion 得出结论addition n. 加；增加；加法loop n.圈；环analyse vt. 分析in addition 也；另外complete adj. 完整的；完成的repeat vi & vt.重复；重做n. link vt. 连接；联系n.联系；环privately adv. 私下地；秘密地defeat vt. N.打败；战胜；使受link …to…将…和…连接或联系起spin vi. &vt.（使）旋转；纺（线）挫来brightness n. 明亮；亮度；聪颖attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参announce vt. 宣布；通告enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心加certainty n. 确知；确信；确实的expose vt.（与to连用）暴露；揭露；instruct vt. 命令；指示；教导cautious adj. 小心的；谨慎的使曝光virus n. 病毒reject vt. 拒绝；不接受；丢弃deadly adj.致命的construction n.建设；结构；建筑point of view 态度；观点；看法cure n. vt. 治愈；痊愈；治疗物logical adj.和逻辑的；合乎常理的n.爆发；发作（疾病或战争）II . Reading JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “ KING CHOLERAJoh n Snow was a well-k nown doctor in London —so famous,in deed, that he atte nded Quee n Victoria to ease the birth of herbabies.约翰斯诺在伦敦是一位著名的医生，的确，如此出名以致于由他护理维多利亚女王生孩子。

【注释：attend v.出席；到场；注意；照看attend to 处理；注意倾听；专心于；照料；attend school/ class/ church/ a wedding/ a meeting/ a lecture/ a movie; attend on/ upon sb.伺候某人；照顾某人；eg. 1） I' ll attend to the matter. 我来处理此事。

2） He was very tiredafter the long run, andexpected someboday to attend on him. 长袍之后他感到非常疲劳，很想有个人来照顾自己一下。

▲辨析：attend, join, join in, take part in ⑴attend 是正式用语，一般指参加会议、典礼、婚礼、葬礼及去听课、听报告等；（2）join指加入某党派、某组织、某社会团体以及参军等，如：He joined the football club two years ago. （3）j o i n i n通常指参加某种活动，尤其指其他人一起参加某项活动，如：I hope you ' ll all join in the discussion. （4）take part in指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往参加者持有积极地态度，并起到一定的作用，有时可与joinin 互换，如：Will you take part in the English evening 试题:----- W ho is _______ the patient ----- M aybe his sister.A. taking careB. looking forC. joining inD. atte nding on霍乱如何让人丧生的两种理论感兴趣。

【注释：explaining how cholera killed people是现在分词作定cholera.但当他想到要帮助受霍乱侵扰的普通民众，他就感到受到激励（或感受到神灵的召唤）。

【注释：① in spire ⑴ 影响或触动： eg. The falling leaves inspired her with sadness. 落叶触动了她的伤感.（2） 鼓励；激励 eg. 1） inspire sb. with hope激起某人的希望 2） I was inspired to workharder than ever before.我受激励比以往任何时候都更加努力地工作。

②expose to 使易受；使受 eg.exposed themselves to disease 使他们受至U 疾病的影响； exposed their children to classical music.使他们的孩子们受到古典音乐的影响。

考题：1. As we all know , women do not __________ their faces in public in some Middle Eastern countries. A . cover B . keep C . expose D . protect2. The more one is ________ t he English - speaking environment , the better he or she will learn the language.A . exposed toB . filled inC . caught onD . kept up3 . The reason why people carry umbrellas in hot summer days is that ___ to strong sunlight may be harmful to the skin.A . contributing B. exposing C . contributedD being exposed 】This was the most deadly disease of its day. 这在当时是最为致命的疾病。

【注释：deadly adj.致命的；死一般的；绝对的；完全的女口： deadly weapons 致命武器；a deadly pallor.死人般的苍白；deadly enemies. 不共戴天的仇敌；：deadly concentration.绝对专心】 Neither its cause, nor its ____cure was understood. 其原因及治疗方法都不为人知道。

【注释：neither 和相关连词nor 连用，连接并列主语（1 ）、并列谓语（2）、并列宾语（3） eg. （1） Neither we nor they want it. 我们和他们都不要它。

（2） She neither called nor wrote. 她既没打电话也没写信来。

（3） I got neither thegift nor the card.我既没得到礼物，也没得到贺卡。

考题：(2008 辽)1. Bill wasn 't happy about the delay of the report by Jason，and .A . I was neither B. n either was IC . I was either D.either was I2. If Joe ' s wife won 't go to the partyA . he will eitherB . neither willhe C . he neither 、will D . either he will 】 So many thousands of terrified people diedevery time there was an outbreak.所以每当这种疾病爆发的时候，就有数以千计的感到恐惧的人死掉。

【注释：every time 这是由名词词组充当 连词，引导时间状语从句，类似这种用法的名词短语有：不定代词+time,女口： any time; each time; 介词 +time 如: by the time …； 序数词 +time, 如: the first/last time …;the + 瞬间名词,女如： the minute, the moment, the instant “一…就…” ；the +时间名词， 女口： the day, the night, the month, the time …eg. 1) She demandssweets from me every time/each time she sees me. 2) The truck will have arrived by the time you have all the things packed up. 3) The first time he did the experiment, he succeeded. 4) I ' ll give him your message the minute/ the moment/ the instant he arrives. 5) He bought acomputer the day/ the time he got his salary.考题:1. Don ' t stop _______you meet with a word you don ' t understand. A . at the timeB . each timeC . by the timeD . Sometimes2. _______ you talk with someone or write a messageJoh n Snow wan ted to use his kno wledge to help solve this problem. ________ 约翰斯诺想用他的知识来帮助解决这个问题。