2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)DireCtions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to Write a short essay On the importance Of SPeaking ability and how to develop it Y ou should Write at least 120 words but no more tha n180 words.Part II LiStening COmPrehenSiOn (25 minutes) 说明：由于2018年6月四级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前两套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。

Part In Reading COmPrehenSiOn (40 minutes) SeCtiOn ADireCtions: In this SeCtion, there is a PaSSage With ten blanks. You are required to SeIeCt One word for each bla nk from a list of ChOiCeS give n in a word bank follow ing the passage. Read the PaSSage through carefully before making your choices. EaCh ChOiCe in the bank is identified by a letter. PIeaSe mark the COrreSPOnding Ietter for each item OnAnSWer Sheet 2 With a Single Iine through the Centre. You may not USe any of the words in the bank more than once.Neon (霓虹)is to Hong Kong as red Phone booths are to Londonand fog is to SanFrancisco. Whennight falls, red and blue and other colors 26 ________ a hazy (雾蒙蒙的)glow over a City lit UP by tens of thousands of neon Signs. BUt many Of them are going dark, 27 _______ by more PraCtical, but less romantic, LEDS (发光二极管).Changing buildi ng codes, evolv ing tastes, and the high cost of maintaining those Won derful old Sig ns have bus in esses embraci ng LEDs, WhiCh are en ergy 28 , but still Carry great cost. "To me, neon represe nts memories of the past," SayS photographer Sharon Blance, whose SerieS Hong Kong Neon CeIebrateS the city's famous Sig ns. "Look ing at the Sig ns now I get a feeli ng of amazeme nt, mixed With Sad ness."BUiIding a neon Sign is an art PraCtiCed by 29 _____________ trained On the job to moldShaPeS and letters. They fill these tubes With gases that glowglass tubes in to-30Whe n 31 ____________ . Neon makes Oran ge, while other gases make yellow Or blue. It takes many hours to Craft a Sin gle Sig n.Bla nce SPe nt a Week in Hong Kong and 32 ____________ more tha n 60 Sig ns; 22 of them appear in the SerieS that CaPtUre the Sig ns Iighti ng UP Ion ely StreetS — an 33 that makes it easy to admire their colors and CraftSmanship. "I love the beautiful, handcrafted, old-fashi Oned 34 of neon," SayS Blance. The Sig ns do nothing more tha n 35a restaura nt, theater, or other bus in ess, but do so in the most Strik ing Way possible.A) alter native B) approach C) CaSt D) challe nging E) decorativeF) efficient G) electrified H) identify I) photographed J) PrOfeSSiOnalsK) quality L) replaced M) StimUIate N) symbolizes O) VolUn teersSeCtiOn BDireCtions: I n this SeCti on, you are going to read a PaSSage With ten Stateme nts attached to it. EaCh Stateme nt ContainS in formatio n give n in One of the paragraphs. Ide ntify the ParagraPh from WhiCh the information is derived. You may choose a ParagraPh more than once.EaCh ParagraPh is marked With a letter. An SWer the questi OnS by mark ing the COrreSP Onding Ietter OnAn SWer Sheet 2.NeW JerSey School DiStriCt EaSeS PreSSUre on Student—Baring an EthniC DiVide A) ThiS fall, DaVid Aderhold, the Chief of a high-achieving school district near PrinCeton, NeW Jersey, Sent Parents an alarming 16-Page letter. The school district, he said, WaS facing a crisis. ItS StUde nts Were OVerbUrde ned and StreSSed out, havi ng to cope With too much work and too many dema nds. In the PreViOUS school year, 120 middle and high school StUde nts Were recomme nded for men tal health assessme nts and 40 Were hospitalized. And On a SUrVey adm ini Stered by the district, StUdents wrote things like, "I hate going to school," and "Coming out of 12 years in this district, I have lear ned Onething: that a grade, a PerCe ntage or even a Point is to be VaIUed over anything else."B) With his letter, AderhOId in Serted WeSt Win dsor-Plai nsboro Regi Onal School DiStriCt into an atio nal discussi On about the intense focus On achieveme nt at elite schools, and Whether it has gone too far. At follow-up meet in gs, he Urged Pare nts to join him in advocat ing a "whole child" approach to schooli ng that respects "social-emoti Onal developme nt" and "deep and meanin gful Iearning" over academics alone. The alter native, he SUggeSted, WaS to face the PrOSPeCt of becoming another Palo Alto, California, Where OUtSiZe StreSS on teenage StUdents is believed to have Con tributed to a nu mber of SUiCideS in the last SiX years.C) BUt inStead Of bringing families together, AderhoId's Ietter revealed a divide in the district, WhiCh has 9,700 StUde nts, and One that broke dow n roughly along racial Iin es. On One Side are White Pare nts like Catheri ne Foley, a former PreSide nt of the Pare nt-Teacher-Stude nt ASSOCiati On at her daughter's middle school, who has come to See the district's in CreaS in gly PreSSUred atmosphere as opposed to lear ning. "My Son WaS in fourth grade and told me, Tm not going to amount to anything because I have nothing to PUt On my resume,'" She said. On the other Side are Pare nts like Mike Jia, One of the thousa nds of ASia n-AmeriCa n PrOfeSSi On als who have moved to the district in the PaSt decade, who Said Aderhold's reforms would amount to a "dumb ing dow n" Of his ChiIdren's education. "What is happening here reflects a natiOnal anti-intellectual trend that will not PrePare our ChiIdre n for the future," Jia said.D) About 10 minu tes from Prin Cet Onand an hour and a half from NeW York City, WeSt Win dsor and Plain sboro have become popular bedroom com mun ities for tech no Iogy en trepre neurs, researchers and engin eers, draw n in large Part by the PUbIiC schools. From the last three graduating classes, 16 SeniorS Were admitted to MIT. It PrOdUCeS SCience OIymPiad Winners, classically trained musicians and StUdents With PerfeCt SA T SCores.E) The district has become inCreaSingly popular With immigrant families from China, India and Korea. ThiS year, 65 PerCe nt of its StUde nts are ASia n-America n, COmPared With 44 PerCe nt in 2007. Many of them are the first in their families born in the United States. They have had a grow ing in flue nce On the district. ASia n-AmeriCa n Pare nts are en thusiastic SUPPOrterS of the COmPetitiVe in StrUme ntal music program. They have bee n huge SUPPOrterS of the district's advaneed mathematics program, WhiCh OnCe began in the fourth grade but will now Start in the sixth. The Cha nge to the PrOgram ,in WhiCh 90 PerCe nt of the PartiCiPat ing StUde nts areASia n-America n, is One of Aderhold's reforms.F) ASia n-AmeriCa n StUde nts have bee n eager PartiCiPa nts in a State PrOgram that PermitS them to take SUmmer CIaSSeS off CamPUS for high school credit, allow ing them to maximize the nu mber of honors and AdVaneed PIaCement CIaSSeS they Can take, another PraCtiCe that AderhOId is limiting this school year. With many ASia n-AmeriCa n ChiIdre n atte nding SUPPIeme ntary in StrUCt ional PrOgrams, there is a PerCePtion among some White families that the elementary school CUrriCUIUm is being SPed UP to accommodate them.G) Both ASia n-AmeriCa n and White families Say the tension betwee n the two groups has grow n SteadiIy over the PaSt few years, as the nu mber of ASia n families has rise n. BUt the divisi On has become more obvious in recent mon ths as AderhOId has made Cha nges, in clud ing no-homework nights, an end to high school midterms and finals, and an initiative that made it easier to PartiCiPate in the music program.H) Jennifer Lee, ProfeSSor of sociology at the UniVerSity of California, IrVine, and an author of theASia n AmeriCa n AChieVeme nt Paradox, SayS misun dersta nding betwee n first-ge neratio n ASia n-AmeriCa n Pare nts and those who have bee n in this CoUntrylon ger are com mon. What White middle-class Pare nts do not always Un dersta nd, She said, is how much PreSSUre recent immigra nts feel to boost their ChiIdren into the middle class. "They don't have the Same Chances to get their ChiIdren internShiPS (实习职位)or jobs at law firms," Lee said. "So What they believe is that their ChiIdre n must excel and beat their White PeerS in academic Sett ings so they have the Same Cha nces to excel later."I) The issue of the StreSSeS felt by StUde nts in elite school districts has gained atte nti On in recent years as schools in PIaCeS like NeWt on, Massachusetts, and Palo Alto have reported a nu mber of suicides. WeSt Win dsor-Pla in sboro has not had a tee nage SUiCide in recent years, but Aderhold, who has WOrked in the district for SeVe n years and bee n Chief for the last three years, Said he had Seen troubling Signs. In a recent art assignments, a middle school StUdent depicted (描绘)an OVerbUrde ned child who WaS being scolded for earning an A, rather tha n an A+ , On a math exam. In the image, the mother scolds the StUde nt With the words, "Shame on you!" Further, he said, the NeW JerSey EdUCati On DePartme nt has flagged at least two PieCeS of Writ ing On State En glishIan guage assessme nts in WhiCh StUde nts expressed SUiCidaI thoughts.J) The SUrVey COmmiSSi Oned by the district found that 68 PerCe nt of high school honor and AdVa need PIaCeme nt StUde nts reported feeli ng StreSSed about school "always or most of the time." "We need to bring back some balance," AderhOId said. "You don't Want to Wait Until it's too late to do SOmeth in g."K) Not all PUbIiC opinion has fallen along racial Iines. Karen Sue, the Chinese-American mother of a fifth-grader and an eighth-grader, believes the COmPetition Within the district has gotten out of Con trol. Sue, who WaS born in the Un ited StateS to immigra nt Pare nts, WantS her PeerS to dial it back. "It's become an arms race, an educational arms race," She said. "We all Want our kids to achieve and be successful. The questi On is, at What cost?"36. AderhOId is limiting the extra CIaSSeS that StUdents are allowed to take off campus.37. White and ASia n-AmeriCa n Pare nts resp On ded differe ntly to Aderhold's appeal.38. SUiCidaI thoughts have appeared in some StUdents' Writings.39. Aderhold's reform of the adva need mathematics PrOgram will affect ASia n-AmeriCa n StUde nts most.40. AderhOId appealed for Pare nts' SUPPOrt in promot ing an all-ro Und developme nt of ChiIdre n, in Stead of focus ing On Iy On their academic PerfOrma nce.41. One Chinese-American Parent thinks the ComPetitiOn in the district has gone too far.42. Immigra nt Pare nts believe that academic excelle nce Will allow their ChiIdre n equal Cha nces to SUCCeed in the future.43. Many bus in essme n and PrOfeSSi On als have moved to WeSt Win dsor and Plain sboro because of the PUbIiC schools there.44. A nu mber of StUde nts in Aderhold's school district Were found to have StreSS-i nduced men tal health problems.45. The tension betwee n ASia n-AmeriCa n and White families has in CreaSed in rece nt years. SeCtiOn CDireCtions: There are 2 PaSSageS in this SeCtion. EaCh PaSSage is followed by some questiOnS or UnfiniShed Statements. For each of them there are four ChOiCeS marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide On the best ChOiCe and mark the COrreSP Onding Ietter OnAn SWer Sheet 2 With a Sin gle Iine through the Cen tre.PaSSage OneQUeStiOnS 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.For thousa nds of years, people have known that the best Way to Un dersta nd a Con CePt is to expla in it to some One else. "While We teach, We lear n," Said Roma n philosopher Sen eca. Now SCie ntists are bringing this ancient WiSdOm up-to-date. They're docume nti ng Why teach ing is SUCh a fruitful Way to lear n, and desig ning inno VatiVe WayS for young people to en gage in in StrUCti on.ReSearCherS have found that StUde nts who Sig n UP to tutor OtherS work harder to Un dersta nd the material, recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively. StUde nt teachers score higher On tests tha n PUPiIS who're lear ning Only for their OWn sake. BUt how Can ChiIdre n, still lear ning themselves, teach others? One an swer: They Can tutor youn ger kids. Some StUdieS have found that first-born ChiIdren are more intelligent than their Iater-born siblings ( 兄弟姐妹).ThiS SUggeStS their higher IQS result from the time they SPe nd teach ing their sibli ngs. Now educators are experime nting With WayS to apply this model to academic subjects. They en gage college Un dergraduates to teach COmPUter SCie nce to high school StUde nts, who in tur n in StrUCt middle school StUde nts On the topic.BUt the most CUtt in g-edge tool Un der developme nt is the "teachable age nt" — a COmPUteriZed CharaCter who learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks questiOnS just like a real-world pupil. COmPUter SCientists have Created an animated (动画的)figure called Betty's Brain, whohas been "taught" about environmen tal SCie nce by hun dreds of middle school StUde nts. StUde nt teachers are motivated to help Betty master Certain materials. While PreParing to teach, they Organize their kno WIedge and improve their OWn Un dersta nding. And as they expla in the in formati On to it, they iden tify problems in their OWnthinking.FeedbaCk from the teachable age nts further enhances the tutors' lear ning. The age nts' questions compel StUdent tutors to think and explain the materials in different ways, and WatChing the age nt solve problems allows them to See their kno WIedge PUt into actio n.Above all, it's the emotiOnSone experiences in teaching that facilitate learning. StUdent tutors feel UPSet Whe n their teachable age nts fail, but happy Whe n these VirtUaI PUPiIS SUCCeed as they derive Pride and SatiSfaCt ion from some One else's accomplishme nt.46. What are researchers rediscoveri ng through their studies?A) Sen eca's thinking is still applicable today.B) Better lear ners will become better teachers.C) HUma n in tellige nce tends to grow With age.D) Philosophical thinking improves in StrUCti on.47. What do We learn about Betty's Brai n?A) It is a CharaCter in a popular animation.B) It is a teach ing tool Un der developme nt.C) It is a CUtt in g-edge app in digital games.D) It is a tutor for COmPUter SCie nce StUde nts.48. How does teach ing OtherS ben efit StUde nt tutors?A) It makes them aware of What they are Strong at.B) It motivates them to try novel WayS of teach ing.C) It helps them learn their academic SUbjeCtS better.D) It en ables them to better Un dersta nd their teachers.49. What do StUde nts do to teach their teachable age nts?A) They motivate them to thi nk in depe nden tly.B) They ask them to desig n their OWn questi ons.C) They en COUrage them to give PrOmPt feedback.D) They USe VarioUS WayS to explain the materials.50. What is the key factor that eases StUde nt tutors' lear ning?A) Their SenSe of resp On Sibility.B) Their emoti Onal in volveme nt.C) The lear ning Strategy acquired.D) The teach ing experie nce gain ed.PaSSage TWOQUeStiOnS 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.A new batch of young women —members of the so-called Millennial ( 千禧的) generatiOn-has been entering the workforce for the PaSt decade. At the Starting Iine of their Careers, they are better educated tha n their mothers and gran dmothers had been— or tha n their young male CoUnterparts are now. BUt When they look ahead, they See roadblocks to their success. They believe that wome n are Paid less tha n men for doing the Same job. They thi nk it's easier for men to get top executive jobs than it is for them. And they assume that if and When they have ChiIdre n, it will be even harder for them to adva nce in their careers.While the PUbIiC SeeS greater workplace equality betwee n men and wome n now tha n it did 20-30 years ago, most believe more Cha nge is n eeded. Among Mille nnial wome n, 75% Say this CoUntryn eeds to Con ti nue making Cha nges to achieve gen der equality in the workplace, COmPared With 57% of Mille nn ial men. EVen so, relatively few young wome n (15%) Say they have bee n discrim in ated aga inst at work because of their gen der.AS Mille nnial wome n come of age they Share many Of the Same VieWS and VaIUeS about work as their male CoUnterparts. They Want jobs that PrOVide SeCUrity and flexibility, and they place relatively little importance on high pay. At the Same time, however, young working women are less likely than men to aim at top management jobs: 34% Say they're not interested in becoming a boss or top manager; Only 24% of young men Say the same. The gender gap on this question is even Wider among working adults in their 30s and 40s, When many women face the trade-offs that go With work and motherhood.TheSe findings are based On a new PeW ReSearCh Cen ter SUrVey of 2,002 adults, in cludi ng 810 Mille nni als (ages 18-32), Con ducted Oct. 7-27, 2013. The SUrVey fin ds that, i n SPite of the dramatic gains wome n have made in educatio nal atta inment and labor force PartiCiPati On in rece nt decades, young wome n VieW this as a man's world —just as middle-aged and older wome n do.51. What do We Iearn from the first ParagraPh about MiIlennial Women Starting their careers?A) They Can get ahead Only by StriVing harder.B) They expect to SUCCeed just like Millennial men.C) They are gen erally quite OPtimiStiC about their future.D) They are better educated tha n their male CoUn terparts.52. How do most Mille nnial wome n feel about their treatme nt in the workplace?A) They are the target of discrim in ati on.B) They find it SatiSfaCtOry On the whole.C) They think it n eeds further improv ing.D) They find their compla ints igno red.53. What do Mille nn ial wome n value most Whe n Coming of age?A) A SenSe of accomplishme nt.B) Job StabiIity and flexibility.C) ReWardS and promoti ons.D) Joy derived from work.54. What are wome n in their 30s and 40s ConCerned about?A) The WeIfare of their ChiIdre n.B) The n arrow ing of the gen der gap.C) The fulfillment of their dreams in life.D) The bala nce betwee n work and family.55. What Con clusi On Can be draw n about Mille nn ial wome n from the 2013 survey?A) They still VieW this world as Onedomin ated by males.B) They acco Unt for half the workforce in the job market.C) They See the world differe ntly from older gen erati ons.D) They do better in work than their male CoUnterparts.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) DireCtions: FOr this part, you are allowed 30minu tes to tran slate a PaSSage from Chi n ese into En glish. You should Write your an swe on AnSWer Sheet 2近年来，中国有越来越多的城市开始建设地铁。