Passage 1(2016广州)Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173 people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a small village in Peru, South America. However, things went from bad to worse in March 2015 after heavy rains damaged the only power cables in the area. The villagers were forced to use oil lamps, which are not only expensive but also dangerous because of the harmful gases they produce.Luckily, researchers at the University of Technology (UT) in Lima, Peru heard about their problem and found a wonderful solution. They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforest where the village lies. The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to light up an LED light bulb.While that may sound amazing and even impossible, the science behind the idea is quite simple. As plants create their food(using the sun's energy, water and chemicals from the soil), they also produce waste which they return to the soil. Tiny animals in the soil eat this waste and they produce electrons —the building blocks of electrical energy. The UT team put special sticks inside the soil to capture the energy and keep it in the lamp's batteries for later use. The researchers say a single charge can power a 50-watt LED light for two hours —enough time for local villagers to get their eveningwork done.The university gave ten Plant Lamps to the villagers of Nuevo Saposoa in October 2015. So far, they have been a huge success! Elmer Ramirez, the UT professor who invented the lamp, believes the Plant Lamp could help improve the lives of many people, especially small rainforest communities, 42% of whom have no electricity.1. What are the problems of oil lamps according to Paragraph 1?A. They are difficult to use and create pollution.B. They are expensive to buy and easily damaged.C. They are difficult to repair and produce little light.D. They are expensive to use and can be bad for health.2. The electricity made by the Plant Lamp comes from________．A. plant foodB. plant wasteC. the soil's heatD. the sun's energy3. What is true about the Plant Lamp?A. It can be made by local people.B. It is much easier to use than oil lamps.C. It can produce all the electricity the village needs.D. The things it needs to make electricity are easy to find.4. The Plant Lamp's inventor believes it could be most helpful for________．A. rainforest communitiesB. carsC. poor people in citiesD. farmers5. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To report on a new invention.B. To explain a new scientific theory.C. To describe how electricity is made.D. To discuss the problems of poor villages.Passage 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。
介绍了一项新的发明——“植物电灯”，它能够让没有供电的雨林地区的人们获得电。
1. D【解析】细节理解题。
题干意为：根据第一段，油灯的问题是什么？A项：它们很难用而且造成污染；B项：它们很难买到而且容易坏；C项：它们很难修理而且发出微弱的光；D项：它们花费大而且有害健康。
从首段最后一句可知，油灯不仅贵，而且会产生有害气体。
故选D。
2. B【解析】细节理解题。
题干意为：植物灯的电来自哪里？A项：植物果食；B项：植物废料；C项：土壤的热量；D项：太阳能。
从第三段第三句可知，植物灯的电来自于植物废料。
故选B。
3. D【解析】推理判断题。
题干意为：有关植物灯的叙述哪一项是正确的？A项：当地人可以制作植物灯；B项：植物灯比油灯好用得多；C项：植物灯可生产出村里所需的所有用电；D项：发电所用之物很容易找到。
根据第二段第二句可知选D。
4. A【解析】细节理解题。
题干意为：植物灯的发明者认为其对________最有用。
A项：热带雨林地区；B项：汽车；C项：城市中的穷人；D项：农民。
从文中最后一句可知，A项正确。
故选A。
5. A【解析】主旨大意题。
题干意为：这篇文章的目的是什么？A 项：报道一项新发明；B项：解释一项新的科学理论；C项：描述怎样发电的；D项：讨论贫困村庄的问题。
纵观全文，可知选A。
Passage 2(2016泰州)Have you found that more and more people areusing emojis to communicate online? For example,“Happy Birthday” has become a cake with litcandles. And “I am happy” has become a smiling face.Emojis have been warmly welcomed since they were invented in the 1990s in Japan. According to a survey of a mobile technology company, 6 billion emojis are used in text messages around the world every day. Last year, 20 percent of all emojis used in the UK and 17percent of those used in the US was the icon . It became the most widely-used icon in 2015.Emojis are now used as “a new form of expression”，and one which can cross language barriers(障碍). “Emojis are popular among millennials,_who were born between late 1980s and early 2000s, because they welcome new technology and new things and they thinkemojis are ‘flexible(灵活的) and show meanings beautifully’”，president of Oxford Dictionaries told The Wall Street Journal.Since millennials became the biggest part in the American workforce(劳动力), emojis have been more accepted in the workplace. For many people, the tiny pictures also show that the users are part of mainstream(主流) society. In the digital age, emojis are “how most people communicate and show their personality many times every day.”But not everyone thinks the use of emojis is a good thing. Jonathan Jones of The Guardian said that the success of emojis is “a step back for humans”，hurting people's ability to use languages.“Th ere are strict limits on what you can say with pictures—the written word is necessary to express your ideas and feelings to their highest level.” he said.Do you feel or about emojis?1. What emoji is “Happy Birthday” according to the passage?A. B. C. D.2. Where were emojis invented?A. In Japan.B. In China.C. In the UK.D. In the US.3. What does the underlined word “millennials” in the 3rd paragraph mean in Chinese?A. 80后B. 00后C. 独生子女D. 千禧一代4. Why are emojis popular among millennials?A. Because emojis limit what they say with pictures.B. Because they think emojis are a step back for humans.C. Because 6 billion emojis are used in text messages every day.D. Because young people are easily attracted by new technology and new things.5. The writer makes us learn about the emojis in Paragraph 2 by ________.A. telling storiesB. explaining the word “emojis”C. listing numbersD. making comparisons(比较)Passage 2【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。