①阅读理解中的长难句；②考关系词：语法填空（不给提示词）和短文改错（增删关系词、关系词用错）。

读句子，猜猜他是谁？He is a player who is very famous in the world.Heplaysfootballwhichispopularallovertheworld.Heisamanwhosewifeisaworld-famoussinger.He lives in the country where the 2012 Olympic was held.Hewastheleaderoftheteamintheyearwhenthe18thWorld Cup washeld.Do you know the reason why he is so famous and successful?定语从句2 / 9定语从句的概念一、定语的概念句子中修饰名词或代词的成分叫做定语。

定语可以由形容词，名词，不定式， 分词，动名词或从句来充当，且定语往往翻译为“…的”。

指出下列句子中的定语由何种词句充当：① I have a pretty dog. 答案：pretty 形容词② He is in the reading room. 答案：reading 现在分词二、定语从句的概念在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词（跑在前面的词），定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。

在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。

1) 定语从句的结构：圈出每句中被修饰的名词。

He is a player who is very famous in the world.即学即练Heplaysfootball which ispopularallovertheworld. Heisamanwhosewifeisaworld-famoussinger.He lives in the country where the 2012 Olympic was held. Hewastheleaderoftheteamintheyear when the18thWorld Cup washeld. Do you know the reason why he is so famous and successful?指出如下句子的先行词、关系词和定语从句：The boy who broke the window is Tom’s brother.He was the leader of the team in the year when the 18th World Cup was held.先行词：the boy、the year关系词：who、when定语从句：who broke the window is Tom’s brother.when the 18th World Cup was held.2)为什么有不同的关系词？He is a player who is very famous in the world.拆分：He is a player. The player is very famous in the world.（主语）拆分句子，并观察先行词在从句中充当什么成分。

I have never seen the girl who you mentioned yesterday.She is the teacher who we want to visit.关系词常有三个作用：即学即练1.引导定语从句2.代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一个成分结论：在定语从句中，关系词如何选择，关键要看先行词在定语从句中作什么样的成分。

但先行词可以是人、物、地点、时间、原因等，所以要区分开讲。

关系代词常见的关系代词关系代词先行词句中成分例句who 人主语，宾语(可省略)A teacher is a person who/that passes knowledge tostudents.He is the man( who/ whom/ that) I sawyesterday.whom 人宾语(可省略) The woman (whom) you met in the street isKate. whose 人或物定语Please pass me the book whose cover is green. The manwhose son is a doctor is our professor.which 物主语，宾语( 可省略) This is the room in which he lived last year. Football is a game which/that is liked by most boys.that 人或物主语，宾语(可省略)，表语Is there anything (that) I can do for you?is learning English over there.1)I know the boy you often go to school with.father is a teacher.toMike is talking.即学即练costs me 61 Yuan.2)I like the bookmy father bought for me.cover is purple.答案：1）who/that；who/whom/that；whose；whom 2）which/that；which/that；whose1.易用who不用that的情况①先行词是指人的不定代词，如one，anyone，onone，all等，或先行词为those指人时。

The student you should learn from is the one who works hard an studies well.②引导非限制性定语从句时。

The famous film star, who tries to make a comeback, draws a lot of attention.③一个句子中带有两个定语从句，且先行词都为人时，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个一般应用who。

The boy that you meet last night is the group leader who studies very2.宜用that不用which的情况口诀：这里不日重赘二表婿①这当主句以here，there开头时。

➢H ere is a hotel that you’ve been looking for.②不不定代词后，如something，anything，everything，much, few, none, all 等。

➢A ll that glitters is not gold. 闪闪发光的并不都是金子/人不可貌相③日the，有几个短语the only, the just, the very, the right，thelast等后。

➢Y ou are the right person that I want to see.④重重复，如果前面有 which或who，后面不要再出现which或who，而要用that引导定语从句。

➢W hich is the true story that he told us?⑤赘最高级，前面如果有最高级，后面要用that引导定语从句。

➢T his is the most interesting movie that I have seen this year.⑥二人+物，先行词是人和物的时候，后面要用that引导定语从句。

➢T hey are talking about the people and the thing that they can remember.⑦表当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词本身在定语从句中也作表语时。

➢T he city is no longer the place that it used to be.⑧婿序数词，前面如果有序数词，后面要用that引导定语从句。

➢T his is the third book that i have finished this year.3.宜用which不用that的情况①在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前时。

➢This is the room in which he lives.②引导非限制性定语从句时。

➢Tom came back, which made us very happy.③在限制性定语从句中，如果有两个定语从句，其中前句的关系代词是that，那么后一句的关系代词就要用which。

➢Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly ope.做题两步走：1.找到从句划括号：连接词起，第二个动词前止。

2.根据成分选连词一看指人还是物，二看介词在何处；三看充当啥成分，四看是否属特殊。

4.先行词是句子（非限制性定语从句）常见的固定表达有:as we all know正如大家所知as is well-know众所周知as often happens这经常发生as is often the case情况总是如此as(is) mentioned above如上所述as has been said before如前所述as I can remember正如我所记得的as has been pointed out正如已经指出的as may be imagined正如可以想象出来的那样as we expect/ as is expected正如我们预料的那样拓展：(1)as用作关系代词，既可指人，也可指物。

在定语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语。

限制性定语从句中，它常在so/such…as…、the same…as…等结构中，as不能省略。

➢There is no such place as you dream of in this world.I have the same trouble as you have.(2)当先行词被thesame修饰时，也可用that引导定语从句。

用that引导时指同一物，as引导指同类。

➢This is the same bike that l lost two months ago.这就是两个月前我丢的那辆自行车。

➢This is the same bike as I lost two months ago.这辆自行车像我两个月前丢的那辆。