e.g. No smoking（禁止吸烟）
Stylistic Meaning: is communicated of the social circumstance of language use.
Linguistic Meaning: is built on the relationships of the signs with each other in the same system.
1.Diction(遣词用字） 2.Repetition（重译法） 3.Amplification（增译法） 4.Omission（减译法） 5.Conversion（转换法） 6.Inversion（词序调整法） 7.Negation（正说反译，反说正译法） 8.Change of Voices（语态变换法） 9.Division（分译法） bination（合译法）
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Combination（合并法）
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Pictographic（图形法）
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Transliteration（音译法）
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Zero-Translation（零翻译法）
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Transliteration + Explanation（音义结合法）
Definition of amplification
Diction is one of the basic translation techniques to express meaning by using the proper choice of words and phrases. It must be based on the accurate comprehension of the original.
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Choice of Contextual Meanings
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Special Techniques Employed in Translating a word.
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Deduction（推演法）
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Transplant（移植法）
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Extension（引申法）
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Substitution（替换法）
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Explanation（释义法）
1) Frozen（拘谨） 2) Formal（正式） 3) Consultative（商议） 4) Casual （随意） 5) Intimate （亲密）
6) For example:
7) Linguistic Terms
8)
Frozen Formal Consultative Casual Intimate
e.g. 大家见面，招呼声“吃了吗？”透着和气。 They greet with each other with a “Hi” just to show their
good neighbourly feelings. 年夜饭
family reunion meal on the eve of the Spring Festival.
4) Take “wife” for instance: Colloquial: woman, old woman, better half Common: wife Formal: consort, spouse, helpmate.
英汉互译简明教程
Translation Techniques
Generally speaking, the basic translation techniques that merit our attention and are to be applied in English-Chinese or ChineseEnglish translations include:
4.1 Diction
Teaching Contents:
Word Meaning
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Conceptual Meaning
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Stylistic Meaning
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Linguistic Meaning
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Pragmatic Meaning
Choice of Word Meanings
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Choice of Word Meanings According to Their Parts of Speech
• There are different views on classification of levels of formality of words, and Martin Joos classifies this into five categories in his paper “Five Clocks” as follows:
e.g. 千山鸟飞绝，From hill to hill no bird in fight. 万径人踪灭。From path to path no man in sight.
Pragmatic Meaning: is the study of the “relation of signs to interpreters”.
Speaking of word meanings ,there are conceptual meaning, stylistic meaning, linguistic meaning and pragmatic meaning.
Word Meanings
Conceptual Meaning: is the basic meaning and the main information carried by linguistic signs.
Sample Words Quaff Imbibe Drink Swig Guzzle
• In practice, words are actually classified into
three categories as :
1) colloquial（口语） 2) 2)common （常用语） 3) 3)foice of Word Meanings According to Different Collocation.
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Choice of Meaning Shifts Between the Abstract and the Concrete.
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Choice of Affective Meanings.