1．常见的用料鸡chicken鸭duck鹅goose鱼类fish肉类meat猪肉pork牛肉beef小牛肉veal羊肉mutton小羊肉lamb牛尾oxtail里脊fillet排骨spareribs腰子kidney肚子tripe肝liver舌tongue内脏offal蹄子trotter胗gizzard鸡什giblets鹿肉venison鸡脯chicken breast甲鱼turtle海味seafood虾shrimp干贝scallop螃蟹crab鱿鱼squid海蛰jellyfish黄鳝finless eel海螺whelk野味game兔rabbit鸽pigeon鹌鹑quailxxlobster牡蛎oysterxxsnail田鸡frog蛇snake腌肉bacon香肠sausage火腿hamxxbear’s paw鱼翅shark’s fin燕窝bird’s nest2．煮前的准备工作去骨boning例如，去骨鸭掌打鳞scaling例如，去鳞鱼scaled fish剥/去皮skinning例如，去皮田鸡skinned frogs脱壳shelling例如，虾仁shelled shrimps腌制pickling例如，咸酸菜pickled vegetables3.常用刀法及用料形状（1）常用刀法切片slice切丝shred切丁dice切柳fillet切碎mince捣烂mash酿入stuff(2)常用用料形状肉/鱼片sliced meat / fish或meat / fish slices肉丝shredded meat或pork shreds肉/鸡丁diced pork / chicken或meat / chicken cubes 肉末minced meat肉丸meat balls肉馅meat filling4.中餐菜单翻译法（1）直译法。

英译时把对应的制作方法译出来，再以该菜的主要原料为中心词。

如：炖牛肉Stewed Beef（2）直译加注法。

英译时直接按中文菜名译出其意，然后再补充说明其内在含义。

如：狮子头Lion’s Head ——Pork Meat Balls1）原料+with+作料。

以原料为中心词，有时捎带把烹调法也译出，再加上用介词with或in与作料构成的短语即可。

如：海米白菜Chinese Cabbage with Dried Shrimps鱼香肉丝Shredded Pork with Garlic Sauce2)作料+原料。

即把作料用作修饰语，放在中心词原料的前面。

如：咖喱牛肉Curry Beef古老肉Sweet & Sour Pork3)以“实”对“虚”法。

即舍去中菜名里的喻义，夸张等说法而用平直，明白的英语译出。

如：发财好市Black Moss Cooked with Oysters彩凤喜迎春Baked Chicken and Fried Quail Eggs蚂蚁上树Vermicelli with Spicy Minced Pork龙虎凤大烩Thick Soup of Snake, Cat and Chicken4)“移花接木”法。

借用西方人熟悉并了解的欧洲菜名或主食名来译部分中菜名与少数主食，因为它们之间有许多相似之处。

译文地道，通俗易懂，能收到事半功倍的效果。

如：烤排骨Barbecued Spare Ribs饺子Chinese-style Ravioli略有馅的水饺5)音译加释义法。

先按中文用拼音译出，然后再加以解释性的英译，使英译文保留点“中国味”。

如：包子Baozi——Stuffed Bun馒头Mantou——Steamed Bread6)“随机应变”法：原料+地名+Style。

应用此法可以灵活地处理一些难以对付的地方风味特色菜名。

英译出原料名后，再稍加“点拨”就可以大功告成。

如：广东龙虾Lobster Cantonese Style麻婆豆腐Bean Curd Sichuan Style5.中餐常见的烹调方法中菜的烹调方法至少有50多种，但大体不离：煮（boiling）,煲/炖（stewing）,烧/焖/烩（braising）,煎（frying）,炒（stir-frying）,爆（quick-frying）,炸（deep-frying）,扒（frying and simmering）,煸（sautéing）,煨（simmering）,熏（smoking）,烤（roasting/barbecuing）,烘（baking）,蒸（steaming）,白灼（scalding）等基本方法。

煮boiled.如“煮咸牛肉”（Boiled Corned Beef）煲/炖stewed.如“清炖牛尾” (Stewed Ox Tail in Clear Soup)烧braised.如“红烧牛蹄”(Braised Ox Trotters in Brown Sauce)煎（pan-）fried.如“煎明虾”（Fried Prawns）炒stir-fried如“炒鸡丁”（Stir-Fried Chicken Dices）爆quick-fried.如“葱爆羊肉” (Quick-fried lamb with Scallion in Ginger Sauce)炸deep-fried.如“炸大虾” (Deep-fried prawns)扒friedandsimmered.如“虾子扒海参”（FriedandSimmeredSeaCucumberwithShrimps Roe）煸sautéed .如“干煸鳝鱼” (Sautéed Eel Slices)煨simmered.如“煨牛肉”（Simmered Beef）焖braised如“黄酒焖猪排”(Braised pork chops in rice wine)烩braised如“烩鸡丝”（Braised chicken shreds with peas）熏smoked如“熏鱼” (Smoked Fish)烘baked如“烘鸽”（Baked Pigeon）蒸steamed如“蒸鲜鱼”（Steamed Fresh Fish）酱/醋marinated如“酱鸡”（Marinated Chicken）卤spicy; stewed in gravy如“卤鸭”（Spicy Duck）清蒸steamed (in clear soup)如“清蒸桂鱼”（Steamed Mandarin Fish）清炖stewed in clear soup如“清炖甲鱼”（Stewed Turtle in Clear Soup）香酥crisp fried如“香酥鸡”（Crisp Fried Chicken）焦熘fried in sauce如“焦熘鱼片”（Fried Fish Slices in Sauce）甜酸sweet and sour如“甜酸肉”（Sweet & Sour Pork）胡辣with pepper and chili如“胡辣海参”（Sea Slug with Pepper and Chili）油淋drip-fried with oil如“油淋兔”（Drip-Fried Rabbit with oil）涮instant-boiled如“涮羊肉”（Instant-Boiled Mutton Slices）酿stuffed如“酿青椒”（Stuffed Green Pepper）烤roast; barbecued如“烤鹅”（Roast Goose）白灼/微煮scalded如“白灼海虾”（Scalded Prawns）红烧braisedinbrownsauce如“红烧蹄筋”（BraisedPorkTendoninBrownSauce）干烧in pepper sauce如“干烧干贝”（Scallop in Pepper Sauce）麻辣with hot pepper如“麻辣豆腐”（Bean Curd with Hot Pepper / Spice Bean Curd）酱爆in bean sauce如“酱爆肉丁”（Diced Pork in Bean Sauce）鱼香in (spicy) garlic sauce如“鱼香肉丝”（Shredded Pork in Garlic Sauce）糖醋with sweet and sour sauce如“糖醋排骨”（Spareribs with Sweet and Sour Sauce）宫保with chili and peanuts如“宫保鸡丁”（Diced Chicken with Chili and Peanuts）脆皮crisp (in spicy sauce)如“脆皮鱼”（Crisp Fish）干煸dry-sautéed如“干煸季豆”（Dry-sautéed String Beans）盐水boiled in salt water如“盐水虾”（Boiled Shrimps in Salt Water）家常home style如“家常豆腐”（Bean Curd Home Style）陈皮with spicy orange peel如“陈皮鸡”（Chicken in Spicy Orange Peel）回锅double-sautéed如“回锅肉”（Double-sautéed Pork Slices）五香spiced如“五香牛肉” (Spiced Beef)干炸dry deep-fried如“干炸羊肉”（Dry Deep-fried Lamb Breast）软炸soft deep-fried如“软炸里脊”（Soft-fried Pork Fillet）酥炸crisp deep-fried如“酥炸羊脯”（Crisp Fried Lamb Breast）砂锅in casserole如“砂锅鱼翅”（Shark’s Fin in Casserole）锅巴withsizzling/crispyricecrust如“锅巴海参”（SeaSlugwithSizzling/CrispyRice Crust）芙蓉with egg white如“芙蓉海参” (Sea Cucumbers with Egg white)麻酱with sesame paste如“麻酱海参”（Beche-de-mer with Sesame Paste）三鲜withtwootherdelicacies如“三鲜海参”（SeaCucumberswithOtherTwoDelicacies）醋溜indistilledgrainssauce如“醋溜鸡片”（SlicedChickeninDistilledGrainsSauce）串烤skewered如“串烤羊肉青椒”（Skewered Mutton with Green Pepper）铁扒grilled如“铁扒乳鸽”（Grilled Baby Pigeon）烧烤roast如“烤乳猪”（Roast Suckling Pig）凉拌in soy sauce如“凉拌海蛰”（Jellyfish in Soy Sauce）酸辣hot and sour如“酸辣黄瓜”（Hot and Sour Cucumber）姜汁in ginger sauce如“姜汁扁豆”（Snap Beans in Ginger Sauce）蚝油in oyster sauce如“蚝油香菇”（Mushrooms in Oyster Sauce）蒜泥with mashed garlic如“蒜泥胡豆”（Broad Beans with Mashed Garlic）什锦mixed; assorted如“什锦丝冬粉” (Assorted Shreds with Vermicelli)茄汁in tomato sauce如“茄汁鸡脯”（Chicken Breast in Tomato Sauce）咖喱with curry如“咖喱牛肉”（Fried Beef withy Curry）八宝(stuffed)witheightdelicacies如“八宝鸡”（ChickenStuffedwithEightDelicacies）葱爆quick-friedwithscallioningersauce如“葱爆羊肉”（Quick-friedLambwith Scallion in Ginger Sauce）粉蒸steamed in rice flour如“粉蒸牛肉”（Steamed Beef in Rice Flour）奶油in cream sauce如“奶油鱼肚”（Fried Fish Maw in Cream Sauce）木犀with scrambled eggs and fungus如“木犀肉”（Fried Pork with Scrambled Eggsand Fungus）醉liquor-preserved如“醉蟹”（Liquor-preserved Crabs）辣味in chili sauce如“辣味烩虾”（Braised Prawns in Rice Wine）豆豉in black bean sauce如“豆豉桂鱼”（Mandarin Fish in Black Bean Sauce）黄焖braised in rice wine如“黄焖大虾”（Braised Prawns in Rice Wine）椒盐with pepper and salt如“椒盐排骨”（Spare Ribs with Pepper and Salt）怪味multi-flavored如“怪味鸡”（Multi-flavored Chicken）xx小吃英文表达中式早點烧饼Clay oven rolls油条Fried bread stick韭菜盒Fried leek dumplings水饺Boiled dumplings蒸饺Steamed dumplings馒头Steamed buns割包Steamed sandwich饭团Rice and vegetable roll 蛋饼Egg cakes皮蛋100-year egg咸鸭蛋Salted duck egg豆浆Soybean milk饭类稀饭Rice porridge白饭Plain white rice油饭Glutinous oil rice糯米饭Glutinous rice卤肉饭Braised pork rice蛋炒饭Fried rice with egg地瓜粥Sweet potato congee 面类馄饨面Wonton noodles 刀削面Sliced noodles麻辣面Spicy hot noodles麻酱面Sesame paste noodles 鴨肉面Duck with noodles鱔魚面Eel noodlesxx面Seafood noodles榨菜肉丝面Pork , pickled mustard green noodles 牡蛎细面Oyster thin noodles板条Flat noodlesxxRice noodles炒米粉Fried rice noodles冬粉Green bean noodle汤类xxFish ball soupxxMeat ball soup蛋花汤Egg vegetable soup蛤蜊汤Clams soup牡蛎xxOyster soupxxSeaweed soup酸辣汤Sweet sour soup馄饨xxWonton soup猪肠汤Pork intestine soup肉羹汤Pork thick soup鱿鱼xxSquid soup花枝羹Squid thick soup甜点爱玉Vegetarian gelatin糖葫芦Tomatoes on sticks长寿桃Longevity Peaches芝麻球Glutinous rice sesame balls 麻花Hemp flowers双胞胎Horse hooves冰类绵绵冰Mein mein ice麦角冰Oatmeal ice地瓜冰Sweet potato ice紅豆牛奶冰Red bean with milk ice 八宝冰Eight treasures ice豆花Tofu pudding果汁甘蔗汁Sugar cane juice酸梅汁Plum juicexxStar fruit juice青草茶Herb juice点心牡蛎煎Oyster omelet臭豆腐Stinky tofu (Smelly tofu) 油豆腐Oily bean curd麻辣豆腐Spicy hot bean curd 虾片Prawn cracker虾球Shrimp balls春卷Spring rolls蛋卷Chicken rolls碗糕Salty rice pudding筒仔米糕Rice tube pudding红豆糕Red bean cake绿豆糕Bean paste cake糯米糕Glutinous rice cakes萝卜糕Fried white radish patty 芋头糕Taro cake肉圆Taiwanese Meatballs水晶饺Pyramid dumplings肉丸Rice-meat dumplings豆干Dried tofu其他当归鸭Angelica duck槟榔Betel nut火锅Hot pot西餐(Western Food)头盘及xx类腌熏三文鱼Smoked Salmon腌三文鱼Marinated Salmon with Lemon and Capers凯撒沙拉Caesar Salad鲜蘑鸡肝批Chicken Liver Terrine with Morels奶酪瓤蟹盖Baked Stuffed Crab Shell鲜果海鲜沙拉Seafood Salad with Fresh Fruit厨师沙拉Chef's Salad金枪鱼沙拉Tuna Fish Salad尼斯沙拉Salad Nicoise汤类奶油蘑菇汤Cream of Mushroom Soup奶油胡萝卜汤Cream of Carrot Soup奶油芦笋汤Cream of Asparagus Soup番茄浓汤Traditional Tomato Soup海鲜周打汤Seafood Chowder法式洋葱汤French Onion Soup牛肉清汤Beef Consommé匈牙利浓汤Hungarian Beef Goulash香浓牛尾汤OxtailSoup意大利蔬菜汤MinestroneSoup蔬菜干豆汤HeartyLentilSoup牛油梨冻汤Chilled Avocado Soup西班牙番茄冻汤Gazpacho禽类红酒鹅肝Braised Goose Liver in Red Wine奶酪火腿鸡排Chicken Cordon Bleu 烧瓤春鸡卷Grilled Stuffed Chicken Rolls红酒烩鸡Braised Chicken with Red Wine 烤鸡胸酿奶酪蘑菇馅Baked Chicken Breast Stuffed with Mushrooms and Cheese炸培根鸡肉卷Deep-Fried Chicken and Bacon Rolls水波鸡胸配意式香醋汁Poached Chicken Breast with Balsamic Sauce烤火鸡配红浆果少司RoastTurkeywithCranberrySauce烤瓤火鸡RoastStuffedTurkey烧烤鸡腿Barbecued Chicken Leg烤柠檬鸡腿配炸薯条Roasted Lemon Marinade Chicken Leg with French Fries 扒鸡胸Char-Grilled Chicken Breast咖喱鸡Chicken Curry秘制鸭胸配黑菌炒土豆Pan-fried Duck Breast with Sautéed Potatoes and Truffles牛肉类红烩牛肉Stewed Beef白烩小牛肉Fricasseed Veal牛里脊扒配黑椒少司Grilled Beef Tenderloin with Black Pepper Sauce扒肉眼牛排Grilled Beef Rib-Eye Steak西冷牛排配红酒少司Roast Beef Sirloin Steak with Red WineSauce T骨牛扒T-Bone Steak烤牛肉Roast Beef罗西尼牛柳配苯酒汁BeefTenderloinandGooseLiverwithTruffleandPortWineSauce青椒汁牛柳Beef Tenderloin Steak with Green Peppercorn Sauce铁板西冷牛扒Sizzling Sirloin Steak香煎奥斯卡仔牛排Pan-fried Veal Steak Oscar with Hollandaise Sauce咖喱牛肉Beef Curry威灵顿牛柳Fillet Steak Wellington俄式牛柳丝Beef Stroganoff烩牛舌Braised Ox-Tongue红烩牛膝Osso Bucco 黑胡椒鹿柳配野蘑菇和芹菜烤面皮VenisonFilletBlackPepperCoatwithWildMushroom and Celery Brick猪肉类烧烤排骨Barbecued Spare Ribs烟熏蜜汁肋排Smoked Spare Ribs with Honey 意大利米兰猪排PorkPiccatta瓤馅猪肉卷配黄桃汁StuffedPokeRouladeWithYellow Peach Sauce煎面包肠香草汁Pan-fried Swiss Meat Loaf with Pesto Sauce炸猪排Deep-Fried Pork Chop羊肉类扒羊排Grilled Lamb Chop扒新西兰羊排Grilled New Zealand Lamb Chop烤羊排配奶酪和红酒汁Roast Lamb Chop with Cheese and Red Wine Sauce羊肉串Lamb Kebabs烤羊腿Roasted Mutton Leg鱼和海鲜类海鲜串Seafood Kebabs扒金枪鱼Grilled Tuna Steak扒挪威三文鱼排Grilled Norwegian Salmon Fillet三文鱼扒配青柠黄油Grilled Salmon with Lime Butter比目鱼柳和扇贝配红酒核桃汁BraisedSolefillet&Sea Scallopswith RedWineandWalnuts煎比目鱼Pan-fried Whole Sole烤三文鱼柳配香草汁和黑橄榄酱Roasted Salmon Fillet With Pesto Black Olive Purée烤三文鱼排意大利宽面和藏红花汁Roasted Salmon Steak With Tagliatelle & SaffronSauce煎红加吉鱼排Grilled Red Snapper Fillet黄油柠檬汁扒鱼柳Grilled Fish Fillet in Lemon Butter Sauce扒大虾Grille king Prawns蒜茸大虾Grilled King Prawns with Garlic Herb Butter 巴黎黄油烤龙虾Baked Lobster with Garlic Butter奶酪汁龙虾Gratinated Lobster in Mornay Sauce香炸西班牙鱿鱼圈Deep-Fried Squid Rings荷兰汁青口贝Gratinated Mussels Hollandaise Sauce蛋类火腿煎蛋FriedEggswithHam洛林乳蛋饼QuicheLorraine熘糊蛋Scrambled Eggs面、粉及配菜类海鲜通心粉Macaroni with Seafood海鲜意粉Spaghetti with Seafood意大利奶酪千层饼Cheese Lasagna什莱奶酪比萨饼Pizza Vegetarian海鲜比萨Seafood Pizza烤牛肉蘑菇比萨Roast Beef and Mushroom Pizza肉酱意大利粉Spaghetti Bolognaise意大利奶酪馄饨Cheese Ravioli in Herbed Cream Sauce咖喱海鲜炒饭Stir-Fried Seafood Rice with Curry红花饭SaffronRice阿拉伯蔬菜黄米饭CouscouswithVegetables西班牙海鲜饭Paella牛肉汉堡包Beef Burger鸡肉汉堡包Chicken Burger美式热狗American Hot Dog俱乐部三文治Club Sandwich金枪鱼三文治Tuna Fish Sandwich烤牛肉三文治Roasted Beef Sandwich健康三文治Healthy Sandwich烟熏三文鱼Smoked Salmon土豆泥Mashed Potatoes里昂那土豆Lyonnaise Potatoes公爵夫人土豆Duchesse Potatoes烩红椰菜Braised Red Cabbage with Apple甜品西点类黑森林蛋糕Black Forest Cake英式水果蛋糕English Fruit Cake草莓奶酪蛋糕Strawberry Cheese Cake草莓蛋糕Strawberry Cake蓝莓奶酪蛋糕Blueberry Cheese Cake美式奶酪蛋糕American Cheese Cake绿茶奶酪蛋糕Green Tea Cheese Cake意大利提拉米苏Italian Tiramisu大理石奶酪蛋糕Marble Cheese Cake咖啡奶酪蛋糕Coffee Cheese Cake红莓松糕Cranberry Muffin干果派Mixed Nuts Pie蓝莓松糕Blueberry Muffin琳泽蛋糕Linzer Cake芒果木司蛋糕Mango Mousse Cake草莓酥条Strawberry Napoleon Sliced巧克力榛子蛋糕Chocolate Hazelnut Cake巧克力木司Chocolate Mousse水果脆皮酥盒Puff Pastry with Fruits维也纳巧克力蛋糕Sacher Cake热情果木司Passion Mousse杏仁多纳圈Almond Donuts牛奶巧克力多纳圈Milk Chocolate Donuts鲜水果配沙巴洋Fruit with Sabayon水果蛋挞Fresh Fruit Tart白巧克力奶油布丁White Chocolate Brulee绿茶布丁Green Tea Pudding芒果布丁Mango Pudding热枣布丁Warm Sticky Date Pudding香草布丁VanillaPudding焦糖布丁Cream Caramel / Caramel Custard果仁布朗尼Walnut Brownies咖啡剧本蛋糕Coffee Opera Slice饼干及其它手指饼Lady Finger蝴蝶酥Butterfly Cracker巧克力曲奇Chocolate Cookies爆米花(甜/咸) Popcorn(Sweet/Salt)香草冰淇淋Vanilla Ice Cream巧克力冰淇淋Chocolate Ice Cream草莓冰淇淋Strawberry Ice Cream绿茶冰淇淋Green Tea Ice Cream冰霜Sherbets冰糖莲子银耳羹Candied Lotus Seed & White Fungus Soup草莓奶昔Strawberry Milk Shake面包类水果丹麦Fruit Danish牛角包Croissant袋子包Pita Bread Plain农夫包Farmer Bread洋葱包Onion Loaf全麦包Whole Wheat Bread软包Soft Roll硬包Hard Roll长法棍French Baguette吐司面包Toast。