第三集语法填空核心考点考点突破——形容词和副词——使表达更准确生动【考向聚焦】往年考查的重点是形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法。
近三年来考点开始涉及多个形容词作前置定语的排列顺序、形容词及形容词短语作状语,形容词和副词的词义比较和具体运用。
要复习好这一块的知识,考生不仅要弄清其词形、词义、功能等基础知识,还要掌握同义词辨析和一词多义等重点知识。
对应学生用书P9用适当的形容词或副词填空1.(2013?福建,31)Those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy ________(afford)priced bikes.解析根据 Those poor and needy teenagers(那些贫穷的青少年)可知,那个商店定价不太昂贵。
答案affordably2.(2013?安徽, 33)It's said that the power plant is now________(twice)large as what it was.解析考查比较级倍数表达句型。
句型为:倍数+ as+形容词、副词原级+ as+比较对象。
答案twice as3 . (2013? 湖北, 29)Don't defend him any more.It's obvious thathe________(deliberate)destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.解析句意:不要再坦护他了。
他显然是故意破坏花园栅栏的,而且没有道歉,此处应用副词形式。
答案deliberately4.(2013?江西,24)What a terrible experience!________,you're safe now—that's the main thing.解析考查副词。
句意:多么可怕的经历!不管怎样,现在你是安全的,这才是主要的。
答案Anyway5.(2013?辽宁, 33)This is by far________(inspire)movie that I have ever seen.解析考查形容词比较等级。
根据标志性词语 by far 及 I have ever seen可知此处使用最高级。
句意:这是迄今为止我所看过的最具激励性的电影。
答案 the most inspiring6.(2013?浙江, 18)If what your friend comes up with surprises you , don't reject it immediately.________, imagine that it is true.解析句意:如果你朋友想出的主意让你感到惊奇,不要立刻就反对,还不如设想它是正确的。
答案Rather自查自纠表题号 123456得分考点正误思考我的盲点:我将 ________。
对应学生用书 P9比较级、最高级的考查【典例 1】 Of the two coats,I'd choose the ________(cheap)one to spare some money for a book.(2010?四川 )解析从 of the two coats 可知用比较级。
答案cheaper【典例 2】 Speaking of all the songs he has written , I think this is probably his ________(wellknown)one.(2013?全国Ⅱ )解析答案根据语境 all the songs he has written可知用最高级。
best- known1.The businessman boasts to me that I can't find a ________(good)gold necklace,because his shop deals in the best.解析句意:那位商人向我夸耀说我不可能找到比这更好的金项链,因为他的商店卖的是最好的。
结合句意可知,此处是“否定式+比较级”表达最高级的含义。
答案 better近几年有关比较级的高考试题的特点是:试题考查间接化,即很少出现标志性单词as,than,而是通过设置语境,让考生来判断该用原级、比较级还是最高级,这种命题思路无疑增加了试题难度。
比较级、最高级前的修饰语【典例 3 】After two years' research, we now have a ________(far)better understanding of the disease.(2013?全国Ⅱ )解析从句中的信息词better 可看出是考查比较级前的修饰语。
为了突出强调或表示程度,比较级前可用 much,far,a little,any,some,a bit,even,still ,rather, a lot 等词修饰;最高级前可被序数词及 much,by far,nearly,almost 等词修饰。
答案far【典例 4】—Are you feeling any ________(well)?— Yes.I'm fine now.解析本题暗含比较级的用法,即与过去相比,感受如何。
其中 any 修饰比较级。
答案 better2.— The film is , I have to say, not a bit interesting.— Why? It's far ________(interesting)than the films I have ever seen.解析考查形容词比较级。
程度副词far 可修饰形容词比较级,置于比较级前。
根据前一句语境“这部电影一点也没有趣”可知,后一句意为“为什么?我觉得它比我之前看的那些电影都有趣”。
答案more interesting3.You're driving too fast.Can you drive a bit more ________(slow)?解析句意:你开车开得太快了。
你能开慢一点吗? more 修饰意为“更慢”;a bit 修饰比较级,表示程度,意为“一点”。
答案slowlyslowly ,more slowly考场揭密①:近三年常考的形容词ashamed惭愧的 accurate 精确的(un)acceptable(不)可接受的accessible 容易得到的;可进入的amusing 好玩的,逗的amazing 令人惊异的 attractive 有吸引力的annoying 讨厌的,烦人的anxious 担心的;急切的brilliant 聪明的brief 简略的casual 随意的,漫不经心的complicated 复杂的curious 好奇的delighted 高兴的,愉快的discouraged 使丧气的determined 坚决的,坚定的energetic精力充沛的extraordinary 非同寻常的generous慷慨的 instructive 指导性的,指示性的independent 独立的infrequent 不经常的instant 立即的impatient 不耐心的modest 谦虚的negative 否定的,负面的potential 潜在的promising 有前途的restrictive 限制的 ridiculous 荒谬的 respectable值得尊敬的 scientific 科学的stressful 有压力的technological 技术的troublesome 麻烦的,捣蛋的 urgent 紧急的unconcerned不关心的 worthless 没用的 violent 暴力的;猛烈的考场揭密:②形容词、副词的常用结构比较结构中放入一个名词时的语序问题常常让人感到棘手,但只要记住了以下句型,问题便能迎刃而解:(1)as/so+ adj.+a/an+单数名词+ asHe is as honest a man as you.(2)a/an+比较级+ adj.+单数名词+ thanThis is a more interesting story than that one.(3)as many+复数名词+ as;as much+不可数名词+as I can carry as much paper as you can.(4)as much+(a/an)+名词+ asIt is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为教学既是一种艺术也是一门科学。
固定搭配【典例 5】 He began to take political science ________(serious)only when he left school.(2013?湖北 )解析take...seriously重视,认真对待。
答案seriously【典例 6】 It's hard for him playing against me.I've got nothing to play for ,but for him, he needs to win so ________(bad).(2013?湖南 )解析so badly 意为“非常急切地”。
答案badly【典例 7】—Do you need any help,Lucy?— Yes.The job is ________ I could do myself.(2013?福建 )解析 more than表示“超过”。
答案 more than1.no more than意为“仅仅,至多⋯⋯”; not more than意为“不多于,不超过”。
如:It's no more than a mile to the shop.离商店只有一英里。
I'll stay here not more than three days.我将待在这里不超过三天。
2.no more...than译为“⋯⋯和⋯⋯一样不⋯⋯”, than 前后两部分在意义上都是否定的。
not more...than可译为“不如⋯⋯”。
如:He is no more diligent than you.你不勤奋,他也不勤奋。
He is not more diligent than you.他不像你那样勤奋。