题目：利用Matlab实现数据的Hermite插值和分段三次Hermite插值小组成员：王晓波（38）蔡明宇（20）一、程序实现意义：一般的，从各种试验得来的数据总有一定的数量，而利用插值技术能够从有限的数据中获取整体的状态。

而Hermite插值不仅保证了插值函数与原函数在给定数据点处得拟合，同时保证了在相应点处导数的相同，从而在很大程度上保证了曲线的“光滑性”。

因此，通过Matlab实现Hermite插值具有很普遍的意义。

二、实现过程：1、Hermite插值由于并不是所有的Matlab版本都提供现有的Hermite插值函数包，故我们首先编写了实现给定五个观测点的Hermite插值的M程序，代码如下：function [f,f0] = Hermite1(x,y,y_1)syms t;f = ;!if(length(x) == length(y))if(length(y) == length(y_1))n = length(x);elsedisp('y和y的导数的维数不相等');return;endelsedisp('x和y的维数不相等！ ');return;end*for i=1:nh = ;a = ;for j=1:nif( j ~= i)h = h*(t-x(j))^2/((x(i)-x(j))^2);a = a + 1/(x(i)-x(j));endendf = f + h*((x(i)-t)*(2*a*y(i)-y_1(i))+y(i));<endf0 = subs(f,'t');其中x为给定点横坐标数组，y为给定点纵坐标数组，y_1为原函数在给定点处的导数数组。

测试证明该程序可以实现，例如输入如下数组：x=1::;y_1=[ ];y=[1 ];>> [f,f0] = Hermite1(x,y,y_1)；运行结果如下：f =$(390625*((3972231*t)/35 - 28321/0000)*(t - 1)^2*(t - 7/5)^2*(t - 8/5)^2*(t - 9/5)^2)/36 - (390625*(t - 1)^2*(t - 6/5)^2*(t - 7/5)^2*(t - 9/5)^2*((28557*t)/28 - 23/2000))/36 + (390625*((64*t)/3 - 61/3)*(t - 6/5)^2*(t - 7/5)^2*(t - 8/5)^2*(t - 9/5)^2)/576 + (390625*((763*t)/1984 + 043/6240000)*(t - 1)^2*(t - 6/5)^2*(t - 8/5)^2*(t - 9/5)^2)/16 - (390625*((77623*t)/28 - 931/60000)*(t - 1)^2*(t - 6/5)^2*(t - 7/5)^2*(t - 8/5)^2)/576f0 =．利用matlab绘制图像：2、程序的窗口化：利用Matlab提供的GUIDE工具以及callback函数实现相应函数的窗口化，GUI代码如下：function varargout = untitled(varargin)?% UNTITLED M-file for% UNTITLED, by itself, creates a new UNTITLED or raises the existing% singleton*.%% H = UNTITLED returns the handle to a new UNTITLED or the handle to% the existing singleton*.%% UNTITLED('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local% function named CALLBACK in with the given input arguments.%% UNTITLED('Property','Value',...) creates a new UNTITLED or raises the，% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are% applied to the GUI before untitled_OpeningFcn gets called. An% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application% stop. All inputs are passed to untitled_OpeningFcn via varargin.%% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one% instance to run (singleton)".%% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Edit the above text to modify the response to help untitled%% Last Modified by GUIDE 15-Sep-2011 22:24:48% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDITgui_Singleton = 1;gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...'gui_OpeningFcn', @untitled_OpeningFcn, ...'gui_OutputFcn', @untitled_OutputFcn, ...'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ...'gui_Callback', []);】if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})= str2func(varargin{1});endif nargout[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:}); elsegui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});end% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT<% --- Executes just before untitled is made visible.function untitled_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin) % This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% varargin command line arguments to untitled (see VARARGIN)% Choose default command line output for untitled= hObject;>% Update handles structureguidata(hObject, handles);% UIWAIT makes untitled wait for user response (see UIRESUME)% uiwait;% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.function varargout = untitled_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);…% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structurevarargout{1} = ;function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)…% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double guidata(hObject, handles);% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)（% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end￥function edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double guidata(hObject, handles);% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.、function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end—function edit3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit3 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit3 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit3 as a double guidata(hObject, handles);·% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function edit3_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit3 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');·endfunction edit4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit4 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit4 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit4 as a double '% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function edit4_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit4 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))；set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)x=str2num(get,'string'));y=str2num(get,'string'));<y_1=str2num(get,'string'));x0=str2num(get,'string'));syms t;f = ;if(length(x) == length(y))if(length(y) == length(y_1))n = length(x);elsedisp('yºÍyµÄµ¼ÊýµÄάÊý²»ÏàµÈ');return;end—elsedisp('xºÍyµÄάÊý²»ÏàµÈ£¡ ');return;endfor i=1:nh = ;a = ;for j=1:nif( j ~= i)h = h*(t-x(j))^2/((x(i)-x(j))^2);a = a + 1/(x(i)-x(j));、endendf = f + h*((x(i)-t)*(2*a*y(i)-y_1(i))+y(i));endf0 = subs(f,'t',x0);plot,x,y,'*');^function edit5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit5 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit5 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit5 as a doubleguidata(hObject, handles);{% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function edit5_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit5 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))~set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end程序运行结果：其中左上方纵列的三个对话框从上到下分别输入给定点的横坐标x，纵坐标y以及导数值y_1，右侧空白框输入维数，下方坐标图显示插值函数图像，例如仍插入上面所给定的点列，得出结果：从图上看拟合程度还是比较不错的。