英语五种基本句型导学案基本句型一：Ｓ＋Ｖi （主＋谓）此句型有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
ＳＶi （不及物动词）1. The sun │was shining. 1. 太阳在照耀着。
2. The moon │rose. 2. 月亮升起了。
3. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 3.我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。
4. Who │cares? 4. 管它呢？5. What he said│does not matter. 5. 他所讲的没有什么关系。
6. They │talked for half an hour. 6. 他们谈了半个小时。
基本句型二Ｓ＋Ｖt＋Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）此句型的共同点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。
这类动词叫做及物动词。
Ｓ│Ｖt（及物动词）│Ｏ（宾语）1. Who │knows │the answer? 1. 谁知道答案？2. She │thanked │her mother. 2. 她感谢了她的母亲。
3. He │is making │a cake. 3. 他正在做蛋糕。
4. He │enjoys │reading. 4. 他喜欢看书。
5. They │ate │what was left over. 5. 他们吃了剩饭6. He │said │"Good morning." 6. 他说：“早上好！”7. I │want │to have a cup of tea. 7. 我想喝杯茶8. He │watches │TV. 8. 他看电视。
基本句型三Ｓ＋LinkＶ＋Ｐ（主＋谓＋表）系动词分两类：一类表示情况如be, look, keep, seem等；另一类，表示变化如get, grow, become, turn等。
Ｓ│LinkＶ（是系动词）│Ｐ（表语）1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 1. 这是本英汉辞典。
2. The dinner │smells │good. 2. 午餐的气味很好。
3. He │feels │a little tired. 3. 他感到有点累。
4. He │is growing │tall and strong. 4. 他长得又高又壮。
5. The trouble │is │that they are short of money. 5. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。
6. Our well │goes │dry. 6. 我们的井干枯了。
7. His face │turned │red. 7. 他的脸红了。
基本句型四Ｓ＋Ｖt＋InO ＋DO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）此句型有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。
这两个宾语一个是动的直接承受者（多指物），另一个是动作的间接承受者（多指人）。
Ｓ│Ｖt（及物│InO（多指人）│DO（多指物）1. She │is making │herself │a new dress. 1. 她正在给自己制作一套新衣裳。
2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal. 2. 她给丈夫煮了一餐美餐。
3. He │buys │you │a dictionary. 3. 他给你买了一本字典。
4. He │passes │her │nothing. 4. 他什么也没有传给她。
5. I │am showing │him │my pictures. 5. 我正把我的照片给他看。
6. I │will give │my car │a wash. 6. 我要洗我的汽车。
7. He │tells │us │funny stories. 7. 他给我们讲奇怪的故事。
当这一间接承受者放在直接承受者之后时，要用一个介词（for或to）来连接。
可以用于这种句式动词主要有：(A) buy / build / catch / cut choose / cook / find / get / keep / make / draw / do如：He bought me a new bike. 也可以改为for sb. 的句式He bought a new bike for me.(B) give / take / send / bring / teach / show / tell / pay / write / read / sell / lend / pass / return / throw / offer / hand如：She lent me a book. 也可以改为to sb. 的句式She lent a book to me.注意：当两宾语都为代词时，必须用介词把人放后面。
eg: Please give it to me.基本句型五Ｓ＋Ｖt＋Ｏ＋Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）此句型的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
Ｓ│Ｖ（及物）│Ｏ（宾语）│Ｃ（宾补）1. They │are painting │the door │green. 1.他们正把门漆成绿色。
2. They │find │the house │empty 2.他们发现那房子无人居住。
3. What │makes │him │so happy? 3.是什么使他如此高兴？4. We │saw │him │out. 4. 我们送他出去。
5. He │asked │me │to come back soon. 5.他要我早点回来。
6. I │saw │them │getting on the bus. 6.我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。
可以用于这种句式的动词主要有:let / have / make sb. do sth.ask / want / tell / allow / wish / get / expect / encourage / invite / teach sb. to do sth.find / see / hear / watch / notice / feel sb. do sth./sb. doing sth.help sb. (to) do sthI have to do something. 我得做点事。
I have something to do. 我有点事做。
练习一．判断下列句子的基本类型1. This kind of food tastes terrible. ( )2. Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables. ( )3. The accident happened yesterday evening. ( )4. His mother told him not to play on the street. ( )5. Time would prove me right. ( )6. Yesterday her father bought her a bicycle as a birthday present. ( )7. He watched the piano carried upstairs. ( )8. They made him director of the company. ( )9. She could feel her heart beating faster. ( )10. These books sell well. ( )11. We hear her sing next door. ( )12. His plan is to keep the affair secret. ( )13. I hope that I have said nothing to pain you. ( )14. I told him what I think of him. ( )15. I think it best that you should stay with us. ( ) 二.挑战自我，辨认主句的基本类型。
1 The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such. as agricultural waste. ( )2. The girl student from Shanghai will surely win the gold medal which will change her fate. ( )3. The most important idea behind the kind of party planning described here is that it brings parents and children closer together. ( )4. When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more “Foreign” than France because the German they see on signs and ads seems much more different from English than French does. ( )5. The plan that he made was that he would keep a diary to practise his English writing every day. ( )6 Professor Li from Beijing University will give us a lecture on how to improve our English in the school auditorium on Monday afternoon. ( )。