类型4| 人物传记[经典案例分析](2017·浙江高考·A)Benjamin West，the father of American painting，showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days，a brush was made from camel's hair.There were no camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.The brush did not last long.Soon Benjamin needed more fur.Before long，the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱)．His father said that the cat must be sick.Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.The cat's lot was about to improve.That year，one of Benjamin's cousins，Mr.Pennington，came to visit.He was impressed with Benjamin's drawings.When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.He also sent six engravings(版画)by an artist.These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.In 1747，when Benjamin was nine years old，Mr.Pennington returned for another visit.He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift.He asked Benjamin's parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city，Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape(风景) painting.William Williams，a well-known painter，came to see him work.Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.The books were long and dull.Benjamin could read only a little，having been a poor student.But he later said，“Those two books were my companions by day，and under my pillow at night.”While it is likely that heunderstood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nine­year­old boy decided then that he would be an artist.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了美国绘画之父本杰明·韦斯特是如何开始他的艺术生涯的。

【长难句解读】While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings.[分析]这是一个复合句。

主句是they were his introduction to classical paintings，While it is likely that he understood very little of the books是让步状语从句；that he understood very little of the books是主语从句。

[译文]虽然很有可能他(本杰明)对这些书理解甚少，但它们却是他了解古典绘画的入门指导。

1．What is the text mainly about?A．Benjamin's visit to Philadelphia.B．Williams' influence on Benjamin.C．The beginning of Benjamin's life as an artist.D．The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.[考查主旨大意，命题点为人物成长的背景。

文章从本杰明在六岁时自制画笔作画写起，到后来利用专业工具作画，再到知名画家送给本杰明书籍，都是在讲述本杰明是如何一步步走上艺术之路的，故选C项。

]2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest?A．The cat would be closely watched.B．The cat would get some medical care.C．Benjamin would leave his home shortly.D．Benjamin would have real brushes soon.[考查句意理解。

由前文可知，本杰明在没有专业画笔之前是用猫的毛制作画笔的。

画线句的字面意思是“猫的命运将会得到改善”。

由该段后文可知，本杰明的表兄送给了他专业的颜料和画笔，故选D项。

]3．What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?A．He took him to see painting exhibitions.B．He provided him with painting materials.C．He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.D．He taught him how to make engravings.[考查细节理解。

短文第四段提到“He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift.”，接着下一段又谈到“In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.”，由此可知，Mr. Pennington送给本杰明绘画材料来帮助他发展艺术才能，故选B项。

]4．Williams' two books helped Benjamin to ．A．master the use of paintsB．appreciate landscape paintingsC．get to know other paintersD．make up his mind to be a painter[考查细节理解，命题点为人物有影响的经历。

由文章最后两句“While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.”可知，这两本书是他通往古典绘画的指引，也帮助他下定决心成为一名画家，故选D项。

][题材对点训练](2017·合肥市第二次教学质量检测)Susan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time.She fought for women's rights long before they became a popular issue.Susan was born on February 15，1820，in Adams, Massachusetts.At that time，women had few rights.They could not own property.Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband.Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers.Women could not vote.At the age of 15，Susan became a schoolteacher.She taught for 15 years.Then shebegan organizing women's groups to promote causes that were important to women.She helped gain better educational rights for women.She helped give married women possession of their earnings.After the Civil War，Susan became very involved in the women's suffrage movement.After years of lecturing，writing，and appealing by Susan and other women，some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote.The first state was Wyoming in 1869.Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming's decision．It was not until 1920 that the U．S.Constitution was changed to give all women voting rights.Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of 86.She was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans in 1950.She was the first American woman to have a likeness(肖像)of her face on a coin.It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar. 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。