高考英语独立主格结构讲练与链接独立主格结构是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上非谓语动词、形容词（副）词、或介词短语构成的一种独立成分。
该结构不是句子，所以它内部的动词不能考虑其时态、人称和数的变化，它与其主句之间不能通过并列连词连接也不能有从句引导词引导，常用逗号与其主句隔开。
独立主格内部动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。
一、独立主格结构的构成形式1、逻辑主语+V-ing1. __________no bus, we had to walk home.A. There beingB. BeingC. Having beenD. There was2. _______no bus, we had to walk home.A. As there beingB. As there wasC. BeingD. There was3. _______Sunday, the library doesn't open.A. BeingB. There beingC. It beingD. Having been4. ______Sunday, the library doesn't open.A. As it beingB. BeingC. It isD. As it is2、逻辑主语+V-ed1. _________, the train starte.A. The signal givenB. Giving the signalC. The signal being givenD. The signal giving2. __________, the train started.A. After having given the signalB. After the signal givenC. Giving the signalD. After the signal was given3. _________, the text became easier for us to learn.A. Explaining new wordsB. New words explainedC. Being explained new wordsD. Having explained new words4. ______________, the text became easier for us to learn.A. When new words were explainedB. Explaining new wordsC. New words explainingD. Being explained new words3、逻辑主语+形容词（副词）该结构相当于一个未带动词的“主—系—表”结构。
如：(1). He entered the room, his nose red with cold.(2). He sat in the front row, his mouth half open.(3). Dinner over, we decided to play bridge.(4). Father away, he played games with his friends.1. ___________, the patient can leave the hospital.A. Better conditionsB. Conditions betterC. Conditions are betterD. Being better conditions2. _________, the patient can leave the hospital.A. If better conditionsB. If conditions betterC. If conditions are betterD. Being better conditions3. ________, we’d like to go outing.A. Being SundayB. Sunday OKC. Sunday is OKD. If Sunday OK4. ___________, we’d like to go outing.A. If Sunday is OKB. Sunday being OKC. Sunday OKD. A,B and C5. _________, you can wait a while.A. The play being still onB. The play still on C Being still on the play D. A and B6. _________, so you can wait a whileA. The play is still onB. The play being still onC. As the play is still onD. The play still on4、逻辑主语+介词短语该结构相当于不带动词的“主—系—介词短语”结构。
如：(1). Book in hand, Mr Smith came in.(2). Gun on shoulder, the soldiers are marching on.1. The boy followed the nobleman here, ___________.A. a sword in handB. a sword in his handC. being a sword in handD. sword in hand2. The boy followed the nobleman here ___________.A. with a sword in his handB. with a sword in handC. with a sword being in handD. a sword being in hand3. He left the office, __________.A. tears being in eyesB. tears in eyesC. being tears in eyesD. with tears being in eyes4. He left the office __________.A. with tears being in eyesB. with tears in his eyesC. being tears in eyesD. tears being in eyes5、逻辑主语+名词(1). The doctor has two daughters, one a nurse, the other an engineer.二、独立主格结构在整句中可作以下成分：1、原因状语该结构在句中作原因状语时相当于一个原因状语从句。
如：1). ________ no bus, we had to walk home.A. There beingB. As there wasC. There wasD. A and B2). _________Sunday, the library doesn't open.A. It beingB. As it isC. BeingD. A and B3). ____________, I had to ask for two days’ leave.A. Mother being illB. Mother illC. As mother was illD. A,B and C4). ____________, we have to work late into the night.A. The exam nearB. The exam being nearC. As the exam is nearD. A,B and C2、时间状语独立主格结构作时间状语时相当于一个由when, as soon as, after等引导的时间状语从句。
如：1). __________, the train started.A. The signal givenB. After the signal was givenC. Given the signalD. A and B2). __________, the text became easier for us to learn.A. New words explainedB. When new words were explainedC. When teacher explained new wordsD. all above3、条件状语独立主格结构作条件状语时可以改为由if引导的条件状语从句。
如：1). ___________, we'll go to visit the Great Wall.A. Weather permittingB. If weather permitsC. If permittingD. A and B2). _________, the patient will recover himself soon.A. If the treatment is in timeB. The treatment in timeC. The treatment being in timeD. A,B and C4、伴随状语独立主格结构作伴随状语时相当于一个介词短语或并列谓语。
如：1). We have lessons every day, ___________.A. Sunday includedB. Sunday includingC. Sunday is includingD. all the above2). The boy fell asleep,___________.A. cap on headB. with a cap on headC. a cap was on headD. all the above3). Father came home,_________A. a dog following himB. a dog followed himC. being followed by a dogD. all the aboveWith复合结构1、原因状语1. With the man ______ us ahead, we had no trouble finding the village.A. to guideB. guidingC. guidedD. to have guide2. With a lot of work_____, she doesn’t have time to rest.A. to doB. to be doneC. doingD. done3. With the machine _____all the time, we finished harvesting crops in time.A. to workB. workedC. workingD. being working2、时间状语1. The street looks more beautiful with all the lights _____.A. are onB. onC. to be onD. been on2. With our problem ________, we all felt happy.A. to settleB. to be settledC. settledD. being settled3. With his work______, the secretary began to walk home.A. to doB. doingC. doneD. to be done3、伴随状语1. She left the offices with tears ________.A. in her eyesB. in eyesC. being in eyesD. to be in eyes2. The man found the door with both his eyes ______.A. to be closedB. being closedC. closedD. closing3. We felt uncomfortable with two waitresses_______.A. standing byB. to be standing byC. stood byD. being standing by4. The murderer was brought in, with his hands________.A. to be tied behindB. tied behindC. tying behindD. being tied behind5. You can’t see well ________.A. with the glasses onB. being on the glassesC. with the glasses to be onD. with the glasses4、后置定语1. Do you know the man ______ a book in his hand?A. withB. havingC. beingD. A and B2. Please offer your seat to the woman _____ a baby in her arms.A. carryingB. havingC. withD. all the above分词、独立主格和“with + 复合宾语”作状语的区别分词结构、独立主格结构、with + 复合宾语结构在句中均可作状语，其区别是这样的：一、分词在句中作状语时句子的主语是分词的逻辑主语，即主句主语是分词的动作执行者（用现在分词）或动作承受者（用过去分词或现在分词被动式）。