毕业设计（论文）材料之二（1）编号：200 —JX15——安徽工程科技学院本科生毕业设计（论文）专业：环境工程题目：海泡石去除焦化废水性能的研究作者姓名：XXXX导师及职称：XXXX 讲师导师所在单位：生化系2007年06 月15 日安徽工程科技学院本科生毕业设计（论文）任务书2007 届生化系系环境工程专业编号：200 —JX15——学生姓名：XXXⅠ毕业设计（论文）题目中文：海泡石去除焦化废水性能的研究英文：The research on removes the coked waste water by SepioliteⅡ原始资料海泡石是一种富镁纤维状硅酸盐粘土矿物，它的用途十分广泛。
由于其比表面大，仅次于活性炭，因此在吸附方面会有较好的效果。
另外，海泡石的价格十分低廉，在环保领域中作为去除有机物的吸附剂应具有广阔的应用前景。
Ⅲ毕业设计（论文）任务内容本实验通过静态吸附试验，考察活化海泡石对模拟焦化废水中挥发酚和氨氮的吸附去除效果，绘制吸附等温线和吸附速度曲线，并且考察了各种条件对吸附效果的影响，包括初始浓度、pH值、海泡石的投加量和吸附时间。
通过活化海泡石对挥发酚、氨氮的吸附正交实验，选择了海泡石对挥发酚和氨氮的最佳吸附条件。
指导教师（签字）XXXX教研室主任（签字）批准日期接受任务书日期2007-3-10完成日期2007-6-15接受任务书学生（签字）XXXX海泡石去除焦化废水性能的研究摘要海泡石是一种纤维状含水的镁硅酸盐矿石，具有良好的吸附性能。
海泡石是一种富镁纤维状硅酸盐粘土矿物，它的用途十分广泛。
由于其比表面大，仅次于活性炭，因此在吸附方面会有较好的效果。
焦化废水的组分异常复杂，是较难处理的废水之一。
本文研究了经过H2SO4改性海泡石对焦化废水中的挥发酚和氨氮的吸附性能，通过静态吸附实验考察了各种条件对吸附效果的影响，包括初始浓度、pH值、吸附时间和吸附温度。
通过活化海泡石对挥发酚、氨氮的吸附正交实验，选择了最佳吸附条件为：挥发酚：振荡时间为25min，初始浓度为20mg/l，投加量为0.2g，pH值为6；氨氮：振荡时间为40min，初始浓度为200mg/l，投加量为0.3g，pH值为4，以及通过在室温下的静态吸附，绘制了海泡石的吸附等温线，求得其最大吸附量为：挥发酚：5.45mg/g；氨氮：256.3mg/g。
通过本课题的研究得出活化海泡石对焦化废水中的挥发酚、氨氮有较高的去除率，吸附去除率可达到60%—70%,因此海泡石作为环境保护中的吸附剂和催化剂载体具有广阔的应用前景。
关键词: 海泡石；吸附；挥发酚；氨氮；The research on removes the coking waste water by SepioliteAbstractSepiolit is a fibrous natural hydtated magnesium silicate with good absorptive property. The sepiolite is one kind of rich magnesium fibrous silicate clay mineral，its use is extremely widespread. Because its relative surface is big and only inferior in the activated charcoal，so the sepiolite have the good effect in the adsorption aspect.The coking waste water with extreor dinary complicated components is one of the waste water difficult to be treated . This article has studied the sepiolite by H2SO4 modified to the phenol and ammonia nitrogen in coking wastewater adsorption performance. And inspected each kind of condition to adsorb the effect the influence, including initial concertration, pH value ,adsorption time and adsorption temperature through the static adsorption experiment. Then has carried on the activation sepiolite to phenol and ammonia nitrogen adsorption orthogonal experiment and has chosen the best adsorption condition: the phenol ：the oscillated time is 25min，the initial concertration is 20mg/L,the dosage is 0.2g,the pH value is 6;the ammonia nitrogen ：the oscillated time is 40min，the initial concertration is 200mg/L，the dosage is 0.3g，the pH value is 4. As well as under room temperature static adsorption., it has drawn up the sepiolite adsorption isothermal and obtained its max adsorptive capacity: the phenol is 5.45mg/g;the ammonia nitrogen is 256.3mg/g.It has obtained that the activated sepiolite has the higher removal rate to the phenol, ammonia nitrogen in coking wastewater through the research of this subjiect , and the adsorption removal rate could reach 60% -70%,so the sepiolite has the broad application prospects as the environmental protection adsorbent and catalyst carriers.Keywords: sepiolite; adsorption; phenol; ammonia nitrogen目录摘要 ................................................................................................................... - 4 - Abstract ...................................................................................................................... - 5 - 目录 ....................................................................................................................... - 6 - 引言 ................................................................................................................... - 10 - 第1章绪论 ....................................................................................................... - 11 -1.1 海泡石的一般物理性质 .................................................................... - 11 -1.2 海泡石的吸附性能 ............................................................................ - 11 -1.3 海泡石的改性 .................................................................................... - 11 -1.3.1 酸处理 ......................................................................................... - 11 -1.3.2 离子交换性 ................................................................................. - 11 -1.3.3 有机改性 ..................................................................................... - 11 -1.3.4 矿物改性 ..................................................................................... - 12 -1.4 焦化废水 ............................................................................................ - 12 -1.4.1 焦化废水的水质特征 ..................................................................... - 12 -1.4.2 焦化废水处理技术 ......................................................................... - 12 - 第2章实验部分 ............................................................................................ - 13 -2.1 模拟焦化废水的配制 ........................................................................ - 13 -2.2 苯酚标准曲线的绘制 ........................................................................ - 13 -2.2.1 实验设备及药品 ......................................................................... - 13 -2.2.2 实验原理和方法 ......................................................................... - 13 -2.2.3 实验试剂的配制 ......................................................................... - 13 -2.2.4 实验步骤 ..................................................................................... - 14 -2.3 氨氮标准曲线的绘制 ........................................................................ - 15 -2.3.1 实验设备及药品 ......................................................................... - 15 -2.3.2 方法原理 ..................................................................................... - 15 -2.3.3 实验仪器 ..................................................................................... - 15 -2.3.4 实验试剂 ..................................................................................... - 15 -2.3.5 实验步骤 ..................................................................................... - 15 -2.4 静态吸附 ............................................................................................ - 16 -2.4.1 吸附机理 ..................................................................................... - 16 -2.4.2 吸附平衡 ..................................................................................... - 16 -2.5 海泡石活化 ........................................................................................ - 16 - 第3章实验结果与讨论 ................................................................................ - 17 -3.1 标准曲线的绘制 ................................................................................ - 17 -3.1.1 苯酚标准曲线绘制 ..................................................................... - 17 -3.1.2 氨氮标准曲线绘制 ..................................................................... - 17 -3.2 静态吸附量的测定 ............................................................................ - 18 -3.2.1 海泡石对挥发酚吸附量的测定 ................................................. - 18 -3.2.2 海泡石对氨氮吸附量的测定 ..................................................... - 19 -3.3 海泡石静态的吸附速度曲线 ............................................................ - 20 -3.4 各种影响因素的考察 ........................................................................ - 21 -3.4.1 PH值不同对去除率和吸附量的影响 ....................................... - 21 -3.4.2 挥发酚、氨氮溶液初始浓度不同对去除率的影响 ................. - 23 -3.4.3 海泡石用量不同对去除率的影响 ............................................. - 25 -3.4.4 吸附时间不同对去除率的影响 ................................................. - 26 -3.5正交实验 ..................................................................................... - 28 -3.5.1 实验结果与数据处理 ................................................................. - 28 -3.5.2 画极差趋势图确定最佳实验条件 ............................................. - 29 -3.5.3 计算极差确定影响因素的主次关系 ......................................... - 30 - 结论与展望 ............................................................................................................. - 31 - 致谢 ......................................................................................................................... - 33 - 参考文献 ................................................................................................................. - 34 - 附录A：英文译文及原文 ..................................................................................... - 35 - 附录B：题录 .................................................................................................... - 44 - 文献综述 ................................................................................................................. - 52 -表格清单表3-1 苯酚标准曲线数据............................................................................. - 17 - 表3-2氨氮标准曲线数据............................................................................. - 17 - 表3-3 苯酚吸附剂平衡吸附量..................................................................... - 18 - 表3-4 氨氮吸附剂平衡吸附量..................................................................... - 19 - 表3-5 吸附时间不同对苯酚的吸附量......................................................... - 20 - 表3-6 吸附时间不同对氨氮的吸附量......................................................... - 20 - 表3-7 PH值不同时的苯酚溶液吸光度......................................................... - 22 - 表3-8 PH值不同时的氨氮溶液吸光度......................................................... - 22 - 表3-9苯酚吸附剂平衡吸附量...................................................................... - 23 - 表3-10氨氮浓度不同的吸光度.................................................................... - 24 - 表3-11海泡石用量不同时苯酚的去除率................................................... - 25 - 表3-12 海泡石用量不同时的氨氮溶液去除率........................................... - 25 - 表3-13 吸附时间不同时对苯酚的吸光度................................................... - 26 - 表3-14 吸附时间不同时对氨氮的吸光度................................................... - 26 - 表 3-15苯酚因素－水平表 .......................................................................... - 28 - 表3-16 苯酚正交实验表............................................................................... - 28 - 表 3-17 氨氮因素－水平表 .......................................................................... - 29 - 表 3-18 氨氮正交实验表 .............................................................................. - 29 -插图清单图3-1苯酚标准曲线...................................................................................... - 17 - 图3-2 氨氮标准曲线..................................................................................... - 18 - 图3-3 苯酚吸附等温线................................................................................. - 19 - 图3-4 氨氮吸附等温线................................................................................. - 20 - 图3-5 挥发酚的静态吸附速度曲线............................................................. - 21 - 图3-6 氨氮的静态吸附速度曲线................................................................. - 21 - 图3-7 PH值不同对去除率的影响................................................................. - 22 - 图3-8 PH值不同对吸附量的影响................................................................. - 23 - 图3-9 初始浓度对苯酚去除率和吸附量的影响......................................... - 24 - 图3-10 初始浓度对氨氮去除率和吸附量的影响....................................... - 24 - 图3-11 海泡石投加量对去除率的影响....................................................... - 26 - 图3-12吸附时间不同对去除率的影响........................................................ - 27 - 图3-13 吸附时间不同对吸附量的影响....................................................... - 27 - 图3-14苯酚正交试验极差趋势图................................................................ - 30 - 图3-15氨氮正交试验极差趋势图................................................................ - 30 -引言海泡石是一种纤维状镁硅酸盐粘土矿物，在其结构单元中，硅氧四面体和镁氧八面体相互交替，具层状和链状的过渡型特征。