数据结构图的存储结构及基本操作1.实验目的通过上机实验进一步掌握图的存储结构及基本操作的实现。

2.实验内容与要求要求：⑴能根据输入的顶点、边/弧的信息建立图；⑵实现图中顶点、边/弧的插入、删除；⑶实现对该图的深度优先遍历；⑷实现对该图的广度优先遍历。

备注：单号基于邻接矩阵，双号基于邻接表存储结构实现上述操作。

3.数据结构设计逻辑结构：图状结构存储结构：顺序存储结构、链式存储结构4.算法设计#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> #defineMAX_VERTEX_NU M 20 typedef struct ArcNode{int adjvex;struct ArcNode *nextarc;}ArcNode;typedef struct VNode {char data[2]; //顶点就设置和书上V1等等一样吧ArcNode *firstarc; }VNode,AdjList[MAX _VERTEX_NUM]; typedef struct{AdjList vertices;int vexnum,arcnum; }ALGraph;typedef struct{intdata[MAX_VERTEX_ NUM+10];int front;int rear;}queue; intvisited[MAX_VERTE X_NUM];queue q;int main(){ALGraph G;intCreateUDG(ALGraph &G);intDeleteUDG(ALGraph &G);intInsertUDG(ALGraph &G);void BFSTraverse(ALGrap h G, int (*Visit)(ALGraphG,ArcNode v));intPrintElement(ALGrap h G,ArcNode v);void menu();void depthfirstsearch(ALG raph *g,int vi);voidtravel(ALGraph *g); void breadfirstsearch(ALG raph *g);int i;G.arcnum = G.vexnum = 0;while(1){menu();do{printf ( "请输入要进行的操作\n" );scanf("%d",&i);if (i<1||i>6)printf("错误数字，请重新输入\n");}while (i<1||i>6);switch (i){case 1: CreateUDG(G); system("pause"); system("cls"); break;case 2: DeleteUDG(G); system("pause"); system("cls"); break;case 3: InsertUDG(G); system("pause"); system("cls"); break;case 4: travel(&G);system("pause"); system("cls"); break;case 5: breadfirstsearch(&G); system("pause"); system("cls"); break;case 6: exit(0); break;}}return 1;}void enterqueue(int v) {q.data[q.rear]=v;q.rear++;}int deletequeue() {int t;t=q.data[q.front];q.front++;return(t);}int empty(){if(q.front==q.rear)return 1;return 0;}intLocateVex(ALGraph G,char node[2]){int i;for(i = 0 ; i < G.vexnum ; i++){if(strcmp(G.vertices[ i].data,node)==0)return i;}return -1;}intCreateUDG(ALGraph &G){intLocateVex(ALGraph G,char node[2]);voidPrintUDG(ALGraph G);int i,j,k;charnode1[2],node2[2]; ArcNode *p,*q;printf("请输入顶点数和弧数\n");printf("例如:5,6\n");scanf("%d,%d",&G .vexnum,&G.arcnum); printf("请输入各顶点\n");for(i = 0 ; i < G.vexnum ; i++){printf("第%d个\n",i+1);scanf("%s",&G.vert ices[i]);G.vertices[i].firstarc = NULL;}//这里开始构造边printf("请输入边的信息\n");printf("例如:v1 v2\n");for(i = 0 ; i < G.arcnum ; i++){printf("第%d条边\n",i+1);scanf("%s %s",&n ode1,&node2);j = LocateVex(G,node1);k = LocateVex(G,node2);p = (ArcNode *)malloc(sizeof(ArcNo de));q = (ArcNode *)malloc(sizeof(ArcNo de));p->adjvex = k;q->adjvex = j;p->nextarc = G.vertices[j].firstarc;G.vertices[j].firstarc = p;q->nextarc = G.vertices[k].firstarc;G.vertices[k].firstar c = q;}PrintUDG(G); return 1;}intDeleteUDG(ALGraph &G){int i,j;ArcNode *p,*q; char node[2];intLocateVex(ALGraph G,char node[2]);voidPrintUDG(ALGraph G);if(G.arcnum == 0) {printf("请先生成图\n");return 0;}printf("请输入要删除的节点\n");scanf("%s",&node) ;i = LocateVex(G,node);if(i == -1){printf("无此节点\n");return 0;}else{G.vexnum--;if((p = q = G.vertices[i].firstarc) ! = NULL){G.arcnum--;p = p->nextarc;G.vertices[i].firstarc = p;free(q);q = p;while(p != NULL){G.arcnum--;p = p->nextarc;G.vertices[i].firstarc = p;free(q);q = p;}}for(j = 0 ; j < G.vexnum ; j++ ){if(j >= i){strcpy(G.vertices[j]. data , G.vertices[j+1].data);G.vertices[j].firstarc = G.vertices[j+1].firstarc ;}if(G.vertices[j].firsta rc->nextarc != NULL){p = G.vertices[j].firstarc;q = p->nextarc;if(p->adjvex == i){G.vertices[j].firstarc = q;p = q;q = q->nextarc;continue;}elseif(p->adjvex > i)p->adjvex--;while(q != NULL){if(q->adjvex == i){p->nextarc = q->nextarc;free(q);q = p->nextarc;}elseif(q->adjvex > i)q->adjvex--;else{p = p->nextarc;q = q->nextarc;}}}elseif( (G.vertices[j].firstar c->nextarc == NULL) &&(G.vertices[j].firstarc ! = NULL) )if( G.vertices[j].first arc->adjvex == i ){G.vertices[j].firstarc = NULL;}}}PrintUDG(G); return 1;}intInsertUDG(ALGraph &G){//默认一次插入一个节点吧,不然太麻烦int i,j,k,l;charnode1[2],node2[2]; ArcNode *p,*q;intLocateVex(ALGraph G,char node[2]);voidPrintUDG(ALGraph G);if(G.arcnum == 0) {printf("请先生成图\n");return 0;}printf("请输入插入节点的名称\n"); printf("WARNING:绝不可以和之前的节点重名!\n");scanf("%s",&G.vert ices[G.vexnum].data);G.vertices[G.vexnu m].firstarc = NULL; printf("请输入需要插入的边的数目\n"); scanf("%d",&i); G.arcnum += i; G.vexnum++;printf("请输入边的信息\n");printf("例如:v6 v2\n");printf("WARNING:一定要包含刚加入的节点名称!\n");for(j = 0 ; j < i ; j++) {printf("第%d条边\n",j+1);scanf("%s %s",&n ode1,&node2);l = LocateVex(G,node1);k = LocateVex(G,node2);p = (ArcNode *)malloc(sizeof(ArcNo de));q = (ArcNode *)malloc(sizeof(ArcNo de));p->adjvex = k;q->adjvex = l;p->nextarc = G.vertices[l].firstarc;G.vertices[l].firstarc = p;q->nextarc = G.vertices[k].firstarc;G.vertices[k].firstar c = q;}PrintUDG(G); return 1;}void depthfirstsearch(ALG raph *g,int vi){ArcNode *rear;printf("%s\t",g->verti ces[vi].data);visited[vi]=1;rear=g->vertices[vi].fir starc;while((rear!=NULL)& &(!visited[rear->adjve x])){depthfirstsearch(g,rear ->adjvex);rear=rear->nextarc;}}void travel(ALGraph *g) {int v;for(v=0;v<g->vexnum; v++)if(!visited[v])depthfirstsearch(g,v); }void breadfirstsearch(ALG raph *g){int v,t,i;ArcNode *rear; for(i = 0 ; i <g->vexnum ; i++)visited[i] = 0;for(v=0;v<g->vexnum; v++){if(!visited[v]){printf("%s",g->vertic es[v].data);visited[v]=1;enterqueue(v);}while(!empty()){t=deletequeue();rear=g->vertices[t].firs tarc;while((rear!=NULL)& &(!visited[rear->adjve x])){printf("%s\t",g->verti ces[rear->adjvex].data );visited[rear->adjvex]= 1;enterqueue(rear->adjv ex);rear=rear->nextarc;}}}}void menu(){printf("******************************* **************\n"); printf("*作者：Dick *\n");printf("* 信计1001 xxxxxxxxxx*\n");printf("************ *********MENU**** ****************\n") ;printf("1 建立无向图\n");printf("2 删除图中节点\n");printf("3 插入节点\n");printf("4 深度优先遍历图\n");printf("5 广度优先遍历图\n");printf("6 退出程序\n");}voidPrintUDG(ALGraph G){int i;ArcNode *p;for(i = 0 ; i < G.vexnum ; i++){if(G.vertices[i].firsta rc != NULL){printf("与节点%s相邻的节点为:\n",G .vertices[i].dat a); p= G.vertices[i].firstarc; while(p != NULL) {printf("%s\t",G.ver tices[p->adjvex].data); p =p->nextarc; }printf("\n");}elseprintf("无与节点%s 相邻的节点\n",G .vertices[i].data); } }5. 测试结果图一：菜单项图一：菜单项。