如何猜测阅读理解题中的生词词义词汇是阅读理解的基础的基础。
我们必须掌握教材中所学所有的单词和词组；了解构词法知识，如熟记一些常见的前缀、后缀，以及词语的合成和转化等；并且要进行大量的课外阅读扩大自己的词汇量。
尽管如此，在阅读中还是不可避免会遇到生词或者熟词生义，因此，我们必须学会如何猜测词义。
任何一个词语，在一定的上下文中只能表示一个确定的词义。
据此，我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。
猜测词义时，我们可以从以下几个方面来考虑：一、根据定义或解释猜测词义A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.What does the word “carpenter” mean in Chinese?A.诗人B.木匠C.厨师D.伐木工人通过理解定语从句的意思，能猜出carpenter是B“木匠”A bag is useful and the word “bag” is usef ul. It gives us some interesting phrases(短语). One is “ to let the cat out of the bag”. It is the same as “to tell a secret”….Now when someone lets out (泄漏) a secret, he “lets the cat out of the bag.”John “lets the cat out of the bag” means he ______.A. makes everyone know a secretB. the woman bout a catC. buys a cat in the bagD. sells the cat in the bag在这篇文章里，“let the cat out of the bag”虽然是一个新出现的短语，但紧接着后面就给出解释It is the same as “to tell a secret”根据这一解释，我们就可判断出正确答案应为A。
二、根据情景和逻辑进行判断As they go around town, the police help people. Sometimes they find lost children. They take the children home. If the police see a fight, they put an end to it right away. Sometimes people will ask the police how to get to a place in town. The police can always tell the people which way to go. They know all the streets and roads well.In the text, “put an end to” means “______”.A. StopB. CutC. KillD. fly根据文章所提供的情景，如果警察看到有人在打架，他们肯定会去制止。
因为制止打架斗殴是警察的职责。
根据这一推理，答案应该是A。
三、根据并列或同位或对比关系猜测词义There is a place on our earth where hot water and steam come up under the ground. It is on a large island in the Pacific Ocean. The island is North Island in New Zealand.What does the word “steam” mean in Chinese?A.自来水B.大气C.冰川D.蒸汽从语法上看，steam和hot water是并列关系，我们就以断定这两种东西是相关的，是同一类物质。
在所给第四个选项中只有“蒸汽”有这种可能。
Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.What does the word “grubby” mean in Chinese?A.干净的B.白皙的C.肮脏的D.整齐的和clean意思相对的是“肮脏的”，因此可猜出句中grubby的意思是“肮脏的”四、根据因果关系猜测词义通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。
有时文章借助关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore等等)表示前因后果。
例如：You shouldn't have blamed him for that，for it wasn't his fault.What does the word “blame” mean in Chinese?A. 表扬B. 告诉C. 责备D. 原谅通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错)，可知blame的词义是"责备"。
She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.What does the word “trim” mean in Chinese?根据because从句所讲的意思，我们就可推测trim就是“修剪”之意五、根据构词法知识猜测词义根据学过的构词法知识，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，（dis－disadvantage （缺点）in- incorrect（不正确的）im-impossible（不可能的）un- unemployment （失业）mis－misunderstand（误解）Re- reuse（重复使用）就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义。
例如：The colors of Hawaii in Summer are unforgettable.What does the word “unforgettable” mean in Chinese?A. 淡忘的B. 清晰的C. 难忘的D. 高兴的利用构词法常识和我们已熟悉的词forget，我们可以知道unforgettable就是“令人难忘的”意思。
六、根据背景和常识判断The following morning when I went to see how my captive (caged) bird was doing, I discovered it on the floor of the cage, dead. I was terribly surprised! What had happened! I had taken extremely care of my little bird. Arthur Wayne, the famous ornithologist, who happened to be visiting my father at the time, hearing me crying over the death of my bird, explained what had happened. “A mother mockingb ird, finding her young in a cage, will sometimes bring it poison berries(毒莓). She thinks it better for her young to die than to live in captivity.”An ornithologist['ɔrnɪ'θɑlədʒɪst] is probably a person who ______.A. studies birdsB. loves creaturesC. majors in habitsD. takes care of treesOrnithologist 这个词从来没有见到过，但是通过他的语言我们可以判断出这是一个对鸟很有研究的人。
我很爱鸟，把鸟装在笼子里，并细心照料，而且鸟的母亲也飞过来喂这只鸟，但这只鸟却死了，我很不理解。
到我家来的这个人给我详细解释了鸟死的原因，说明这个人非常懂鸟。
据此，我们可以断定答案是A。
A. teacher, teacherB. doctor, doctorC. teacher, doctor() 2. If child is ill, you may call Zhangjing. Her telephone number is _______A. (010) 6594231B. (010) 68028401C. 100029() 3. A card mainly tells us a person's _____. and workB. telephone numberC. both A and B() 4. Harry Green e-mail is _________.A.chinlj@B. chanlj@C. chinj@() 5. Zhang Jing's postal code is _____.A. 100045B. 100029C. (010) 68028401答案C B C A A这道题，建议只看一遍是为了测试看你的瞬间记忆能力如何，在实际的日常生活中，我们经常会遇到类似的问题。
阅读第一篇常考，简单，快速，用时少B.Most people who work in the office have a boss (老板). So do I (我也是). But my boss is a little unusual. What's unusual about him? It's a big dig. Many men have dogs, but few men bring their dogs to the office every day. My boss's dog, Robinson, is big and brown. My boss brings him to work every day. He takes the dog to meetings and he takes the dog to lunch. When there is telephone call for my boss, I always know if he is in the office. I only look under his desk. If I see something brown and hairy (毛绒绒的) under it, I know my boss is somewhere in the office. If there is no dog , I know my boss is out.1. People _________bring dogs to the office.A. usuallyB. oftenC. seldom (几乎不)D. sometimes2. My boss is Robinson's ________.A. bossB. masterC. classmateD. teacher3. Robinson goes to meetings _________ my boss.A. forB. withoutC. instead of (代替)D. with4. Robinson is always under the desk if the boss is _________.A. in the officeB. at meetingsC. out of the officeD. out of work5. The passage tells us the boss _________ the dog very much.A. looks likeB. hates (恨)C. likesD. trust(信任)答案C B D A C1.由日常生活的常识可知，很少有人带狗上班2.通读全文，我的BOSS 是个人，也就是说是狗的主人3.with有“跟某人一起”的意思，例如：I go to see a film with my parents.”5.通过整篇文章的阅读，可以判断除了C外，其他的选项都不符合原文的意思C.When people meet each other for the first time in Britain, they say “How do you do?”and shake hands(握手). Usually they do not shake hands when they just meet or say goodbye. But they shake hands after they haven’t met for a long time orwhen they will be away from each other for a long time.Last year a group of German students went to England for a holiday. Their teacher told them that the English people hardly shake hands. So when they met their English friends at the station, they kept their hands behind their backs. The English students had learned that the Germans shake hands as often as possible, so they put their hands in front and got ready to shake hands with them. It made both of them laugh.根据短文内容选择最佳答案，将其标号填入题前括号内。