机械工程专业英语单词集团档案编码:[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]Lesson1BasicConceptsinMechanics 机械学的基本概念mechanicsn.力学modifyv.修改,调解,变更manageablea.可控制【管理】的inclinev.(使)倾斜rampn.斜板,斜坡【道】slopev.(使)倾斜frictionn.摩擦rollv.滚动multipliern.放大器,乘法器broomn.扫帚convertv.转变【化】handlen.手柄【把】sweepv.扫荡【描】,掠过efficiencyn.效率gaugevt.测【计】量,校验bearingn.轴承idealmechanicaladvantage理想的机械效益neglectvt.忽略Lesson2BasicAssumptioninPlastic ityTheory塑性理论的基本假设assumptionn.假定plasticityn.塑性investigatev.调查,研究deformationn.变形metalformingprocess金属成型工艺【过程】strain(rate)n.应变【速率】strengthn.强度stressn.应力yieldstress屈服应力flowstress流动应力tensilestress拉【伸】应力compressivestress压【缩】应力shearstress剪【切】应力geometryn.几何形状elastica.弹性的springbackn.回弹bendingn.弯曲,折弯precisionforming精密成型tolerancen.公差continuumn.连续(体)metallurgicala.冶金(学)的grainn.晶粒dislocationn.位错(uni-,tri-,multi-)axiala.(单,三,多)轴(向)的anisotropyn.各向异性cylindricala.圆柱体的cross-sectionn.横截面platenn.(工作)台板,模板coincidewith一致,相符validityn.正确有效,合法withease轻(而)易(举)的,很容易的Lesson3OptimizationforFiniteEle mentApplications有限元优化的应用optimizationn.优化,优选(法)finiteelement有限元iterativea.反复的,迭代的alternativen.a.交替(的),可供选择的manuala.手动的,人工的trial-and-error试凑法biasvt,n.(使)偏向【重、差】adesktopplatform(计算机)桌面平台constrain(t)v,n.强制,约束responsen.反【响】应,灵敏度parametern.参数parametrica.参数的preprocessvt.预(先)加工,预处理meshn,v.网格,啮合capabilityn.能力,性能,容量loopn.环,回路,循环posev.提出modeln.模型,样品displacementn.位移,排量,替换bucklingn.弯【翘】曲,挠度factorn.因素gradientn.坡【梯】度,斜率flurn.【电,磁,热,光】通量,流量multidisciplinarya.多学科的deflectionn.偏移【转,离】,挠曲Lesson4Metals金属toughnessn.韧性corrosionn.腐蚀dumpv.倾倒,堆放recylev.反复【循环】利用coppern.铜aluminumn.铝bronzen.青铜(器)alloyn.合金wearv.磨损metallica.(含)金属(制)的specificationn.操作规程,技术要求,说明书extractvt.提炼,萃取ironn.铁carbonn.碳ferrousa.(含)铁的ferrousmetals黑色金属leadn.铅zincn.锌tinn.锡oren.矿(石)mineraln,a.矿物(的)impurityn.杂质,不纯Lesson5MetallicandNonmetallicMa terials金属和非金属材料magnesiumn.镁nickeln.镍brassn.黄铜lustern.光泽ductilityn.延展性,可锻性itislikelythat很可能itiscertainto(inf.)必然,一定densityn.密度bedistinguishedfrom与…区分coefficientn.系数inconnectionwith关于,与…相关【结合】categoryn.种类hardnessn.硬度elasticityn.弹性beamn.横梁,一束(光)penetrationn.贯穿,渗透abrasionn.磨损【耗】rolln,v.轧辊,滚,轧milln.轧钢机,铣床springn.弹簧permanenta.永久的rupturen.破【开】裂stampn.冲压hammern.(锻)锤Lesson6PlasticsandOtherMaterial s塑料和其他材料inorganicacid无机酸sulphuricacid硫酸hydrochloricacid盐酸solventn.溶剂carbontetrachloride四氯化碳rigida,n.坚硬的,刚性(的),刚度mould(mold)n.模子,塑模,铸模decorationn.装饰fabricatevt.制造【备】,生产injectionmolding注射模塑(法)blowmolding吹塑(法)compressionmolding压塑(法),模压(法)extrusionn.挤压vacuumforming真空模塑(法)powdermetallurgy粉末冶金constituentn,a.组成【的,部分】,组元simultaneouslyadv.同时subsequentlyadv.随后coherenta.互相凝聚的,协调一致的fusionn.熔化,熔接crystallinen,a.结晶【的】,晶体【的】restrictionn.限制【定】,节流blendn,v.混合【物】,融合pressn,v.压力机,压制homogeneousa.均匀的sintern,vt.烧结【物】Lesson7DieLifeandDieFailure模具的寿命和失效dien.模具,锻【冲】模,凹模dielife模具寿命diefailure模具损坏deteriorationn.变坏,退化,损耗surfacefinish表面光洁度breakdownn.破坏,击穿lubricationn.润滑crackingn.裂纹breakagen.断裂moden.方式,状态,模式thermalfatigue热疲劳layern.层abrasiven,a.(研)磨料(的),磨损(的)impressionn.模膛,型腔(槽)heatchecking热裂纹,龟裂steepn,a.陡(坡)的,急剧的reversaln.颠倒,相反overloadn,v.(使)过【超】载initiationn.开【初】始,发【产】生discretea.不连续的,单个的variablen.变量cavityn.模膛,型槽stockn.坯料,原材料impactn,v.冲击,碰撞Lesson8ColdWorkingandHotWorking 冷加工和热加工cold[hot]working冷热加工forgingn.锻造,锻件classificationn.分类recrystallizationn.再结晶takeplace发生strain[deformation]hardening应变【变形】硬化bereferredtoas叫做,称为,被认为是warmworking温加工,温锻ultimatea,n.最终的,首要的,极限stressrelieving消除应力处理austenitica.奥氏体的stainlesssteel不锈钢annealingn.退火grainsize晶粒度solidsolution固溶体refinementn.精炼【制】,细化hazardn.危险,未知数,意外事件inherenta.固有的,先天的,本质的sensitivea.灵敏的,敏感的abnormala.非正常的criticalstrain临界应变Lesson9Casting铸造castingn.铸造【件】die-castingn.模铸【件】foundryn.铸造【车间】pourv.浇注suitabilityn.适应性pigiron生铁cupolan.冲天炉,化铁炉erosionn.腐蚀,(侵、烧)蚀ladlen.铁水包graphiten.石墨solidifyv.(使)凝固disjoinv.拆散,分开ingotn.(钢)锭destructivea.破坏(性)的,有害的retardvt,n.(使)延缓,推迟solventn,a.溶剂(的)copper-basealloy铜基合金Lesson10MetalFormingProcessesin Manufacturing制造中的金属成形工艺machine-building机械制造plasticworking塑性加工billetn坯料,锻坯blankn.坯料,(冲压)板坯configurationn.外形,配置,排布stroken.行程,冲程amortizev.阻尼,缓冲,分期偿还reliabilityn.可靠性,安全性drawingn.(锻坯)拔长,【线,管材】拉拔deepdrawing深冲(压)brakeforming【压】折弯(机)成型stretchforming张拉成型militaryn,a.军队【事,人】(的)consumergoods消费品integrityn.完整性,完全(善)jetengine喷气发动机turbinen.涡【汽】轮(机),透平(机)regarding考虑到,关于Lesson11Forging锻造armorn.铠甲immortalizevt.(使)不朽(灭)blacksmithn.锻工mechanicalpress机械压力机hydranlicpress液压机anviln.(锤)砧,砧座craftsmann.技工handlingn.处理,装卸,搬运flexibilityn.柔(韧)性,灵活性drawnout拔长upsetn.镦粗,顶锻closedimpressiondie闭式模锻rapid-impactblow快速冲击,猛打verticala.立式的ramn.锤头,滑块,活动横梁blockn.(模)块draftn.模锻斜度symmetricala.轴对称的sizingn.整形,校正,定径dropforging落锻,锤模锻impressiondieforging模锻finalforging终锻overheatn.过热furnacen.【熔,高】炉pyrometern.高温计Lesson12BenefitsandPrinciplesof Forging锻造的优点和工作原理metalworkingn.金属压力加工kneadv.揉搓【制】refinev.精炼【制】,细化porosityn.多孔性,疏松orientv.(使)定【取】向flowline流线stressfield应力场manualskill手工技巧atone’scommand自由使用,支配soundnessn.致密性,坚固性,无缺陷attainablea.可达【得】到的opendieforging自由锻grossn.总共,重大confinevt.限制,约束convertv.转变【换】,更换brokenup破【断】裂,分散microshrinkagen.显微缩孔eliminationn.消除,淘汰alignv.调整,对中,校直Lesson13Welding焊接weld(ing)v,n.焊接,熔焊pressurewelding压力焊spotwelding点焊buttwelding对头(缝)焊fusionwelding熔焊,熔接fiux-shieldedarcwelding熔剂保护电弧焊diversityn.不同多样性fasten(ing)v,n.连接(件),紧固(件)shieldingn.遮护,屏蔽solder(ing)v,n.软钎焊,(低温)焊料bismuthn.铋cadmiumn.镉rivetn,v.铆钉,铆接brazen,vt.硬钎焊,铜焊oxidationn.氧化fluxn.焊接,助溶剂squeezev.挤压oxy-acetylenen,a.氧(乙)炔(的)torchn.焊炬electroden.电(焊)极,焊条fillern.填充(剂)overlapv.搭接,重叠strikev.攻【打】击,放电Lesson14HeatTreatment热处理heattreatment热处理microstructuren.显微组织low-carbonsteel低碳钢prescribev.规定,指示microscopica.显微的,微观的spheroidizingn.球化(处理)normalizingn.正火,(正)常化annealingn.退火hardeningn.淬火temperingn.回火soaking(=holding)n.均热,保温retardingmedia延缓介质prolongeda.长时间的,持续很久的criticaltemperature临界温度globulara.球形(状)的carbiden.碳化物,硬质合金quenchingn.淬火,骤冷removaln.除去,放出Lesson15IntroductiontoMechanism 机构介绍mechanismn.机械,机构,机构学kinematica.=kinematical运动的,运动学的kinematicchain运动链linkn.构件,杆件.v.连接【结】definitea.确定的constraineda.约束的,限定的unconstraineda.无约束的linkagen.连杆(组,机构)jointn.结【接】台,铰链.a.连接的,联合的pinn.销【钉】,铰销revolutionv.旋转,转动.n.回转体prismatica.棱柱(形)的nonlineara.非线性的four-barlinkage四杆机构kinematicchain运动链primemover原动者【机】,驱动件couplern.连接件,连杆pivotn.枢(轴),轴销,回转副,旋转中心configurationn.外形,构造,结构inversionn.转换,更换slider-crankmechanism曲柄滑块机构multiloopn.多环链,a.多回路的sketchn.草【简,示意】图,v.画草图,草拟skeletondiagram草图,示意图,简图envisionv.想象binarya.二【双,复】的,二元的ternarya.三元的ternarylinks三杆组quaternarya.四元的quaternarylinks四杆组cam凸轮camfollowern.凸轮从动件gearn.齿轮sprocketn.链轮beltn.【皮,布,钢】带pulleyn.带轮sphericala.球的,球面的helicala.螺旋的three-dimensional三维的,空间的intuitivelyadv.直觉【观】地synthesisn.合成(法),综合kinematiciann.运动学研究者(家)innatea.先天的,固有的Lesson16MovementAnalysis运动分析criterion(pl.criteria)n.(判断)标准,判据,准则branchn,v.分(部,支)transmissionangle传动角rockn.摆动,v.摇动oscillatev.摆动,摇动parallelogramn.平行四边形antiparallelogramn.反平行四边形framen.机架,构架impartv.给予,分给toimpartMtoN把M给Ntorquen.力矩,扭矩dynamica.=dynamical动力的,动力学的inertian.惯性(物),惯量statica.=statical静力【学】的,静的indexn.指数,指标frictionn.摩擦thumbn.拇指,v.用拇指翻ruleofthumb根据经验和实际所得的做法matrixn.矩阵determinantn.行列式derivativen.导数derivativeofMwithrespecttoNM对于N的导数movabilityn.可动性,易动性parametern.参数discountv.打折扣,忽视absolutea.绝对的graphicala.图形的,图解的polygonn.多边形theoremn.定理stressn.应力bearingn.轴承centripetala.向心的Lesson17KinematicSynthesis运动的综合packagingmachinery包装机械lubricationn.润滑specificationn.技术要求actuationn.驱动jerkn.震动,冲击axisn.(pl.axes)轴【线,心】,中心线contourn.外形,轮廓线eccentricityn.偏心【度,率】gearration齿轮【速,齿数】比topologicallyadv.拓扑学地customarya.通常的,习惯的correlatev.使相关,使发生关系analogn.=analogue类似(物),模拟linearanalog线性模拟secondacceleration二阶加速度higheracceleration高阶加速度paraphrasev.释义,意译describev.叙述,描述,作…运动categoryn.种类,类别deliberationn.慎重考虑provincen.省,领域preconceivev.预想,事先想好analogcomputer模拟计算机tracev.追踪,描画timingn.定时,计时,配时pitchv.投掷trajectoryn.轨迹embedv.嵌入,夹在层间orientationn.(定)方位,(取)方向scoopn.勺子,铲斗,v.挖,掘,铲Lesson18CamsandGears凸轮和齿轮camn.凸轮gearn.齿轮curven.曲线a.弯曲的grooven.槽,沟matev.配合,啮合cylindricala.圆柱的two-dimensionalorplaner两维的或平面的three-dimensionalorspatial三维的或空间的normaln.法线a.垂直的complementn,a.余角,余的collineara.共线的laterala.横向的,侧向的stemn.杆guiden.导向件【器,装置】,导槽(座)intermittenta.间断的,不连续的dwelln,v.停止,小停顿inertiala.惯性的,惯量的engagev.啮合rackn.齿条noncirculara.非圆的conjugatea.共轭的,n.共轭值(线)cycloidala.摆线的involveda.渐开线的,n.渐开线tolerancen.间隙,公差spurgear直齿圆柱轮radiala.径向的,沿半径的offsetn,vt.偏移,偏心a.偏心的diskcam盘形凸轮tangentn.切线a.相切的,切线的concentrica.同圆(的),同心(的)camshaftn.凸轮轴pitchcurve节线herringbonea.人字形的intersectv.横穿,相交parallelhelicalgear斜齿轮,平行轴螺旋齿轮crossedhelicalgear交错轴螺旋齿轮facegear端面齿轮spiralbevelgear螺旋齿圆锥齿轮wormn.蜗杆skewbevel斜齿圆锥齿轮hypoidgear准双曲面(直角交错轴双曲面)齿轮addendum(pl.addenda)n.齿顶,齿顶高projectv.伸出,突出clearancen.间隙dedendum(pl.dedenda)n.齿根,齿根高toothspace齿间距backlashn.间隙,齿隙Lesson19Screws,fastenersandjoin ts螺纹件、紧固件和联接件screwn.螺钉,螺丝,v.旋紧,攻丝fastenern.紧固件jointn.连【联】接,接合boltn.螺栓nutn.螺母capscrew有头螺钉setscrewn.定位【固定,调整】螺钉rivetn.铆钉,v.用铆钉铆接keyn.键weldn,v.焊接,熔焊brazen,v.钎焊,铜焊clipn.夹子,v.夹住,夹紧synonymousa.同意义的monotonousa.单调的taintn.污点,污染v.弄脏tougha.坚韧的ductilea.可延伸的,有延展性的,韧性的tightenv.上紧,拉紧twistv.扭转jumbon.大型喷气式客机titaniumn.钛close-tolerance高精密度的toolingn.工具,刀具v.用刀具(切削)加工proliferatev.增殖,增殖assemblyn.安装,装配,组件tapn.丝锥,v.攻螺丝studn.双头螺栓resemblev.类似,像threadn.螺纹(线),v.车螺纹drilln,v.钻孔hexagonhead六角头fillistern.凹槽flathead平头hexagonsockethead六角沉头disassemblev.拆开tensilea.拉【张】力的,受拉的shearn.剪切【力】v.剪切【断】hardenv.使硬【化】washern.垫圈preloadn.预载荷fatiguen.疲劳micrometern.千分尺,千分表elongationn.拉【伸】长modulusn.(pl.moduli)模数,模量wrenchn.扳手dialn.刻度盘fractionala.分数的,小数的Lesson21Helical,WormandBevelGea rs斜齿轮、蜗杆蜗轮和锥齿轮helicalgear斜齿轮wormn.蜗杆,螺杆bevelgear圆锥齿轮helixn,a.(pl.helices或helixes)螺旋线,螺旋线的righthand右手,右旋的helicoidn.a.螺旋【面,体】,螺旋(状,纹)的wrapv.缠绕unwindv.解开,展开generatev.产生,展成(加工)engagementn.啮合,接触diagonaln,a.对角线(的)objectionablea.该反对的,不能采用的spiraln,a.螺旋线(的),卷线(的)spiralgear螺旋齿轮meshn.啮合wormgear蜗轮pinionn.小齿轮pitchcylinder节圆柱concavea.中凹的curvaturea.曲率screw-like像螺丝(杆)的threadn.线状物,螺纹线envelopv.包围,封闭enclosev.包围leadangle导角castv.铸造millv.铣削outboarda,ad.外侧的,向外pronounceda.明确的,显着的stressn.应力tapereda.锥形的positivelyad.确定地,强制(传动)地Pitch-linevelocity节线速度automobiledifferential汽车差速器gearingn.齿轮传动(装置)offsetn.偏置,横距hypoida.准双曲面的hyperboloidn.双曲面,双曲面体Lesson22Shafts,ClutchesandBrake s轴、离合器和制动器shaftn.轴clutchn.离合器braken.制动器pulleyn.(皮,胶)带轮flywheeln.飞轮sprocketn.链轮,星轮bendingmoment弯曲力矩torsionala.扭转的statica.静(力,态)的axlen.心轴,轮轴spindlen.心轴,主轴deflectionn.偏移,弯曲filletn.圆角,倒角peeningn.喷射(加工硬化法)shotpeening喷丸硬化stiffa.刚性的inertian.惯性,惯量slippagen.滑动actuationn.驱动,开动coefficientn.系数staticsn.静力学rimn.边缘,轮缘shoen.闸瓦,制动片【块】bandn.带,条conen.圆锥miscellaneousa.(混)合的,杂项的assumev.假设,承担staticala.=static,静态的equilibriumn.平衡reactionn.反应,反力overload-releaseclutch超载释放(保护)离合器magneticfluidclutch磁液离合器shiftv.变换,(使)移动levern.杆,(手)柄jawn.颚板,夹爪ratchetn.棘轮circumferentiallyadv.周围地,圆周地matev.配合,啮合,联接synchronousa.同步的lineardrive线性驱动装置clickingn.‘卡塔’声freewheelv.空转couplingn.联轴器sleeven.套筒flatn.平面(部分)a.平的peripheryn.圆周,周边wedgen.楔(形物)v.楔入pawln.棘爪powdern.粉末mixturen.混合物electromagnetica.电磁的coiln.线圈excitationn.刺激,激励shearinga.剪切的lockupn.锁住Lesson41DefinitionofRoboticsand theRobotSystemmanipulatorn.操作器,控制器,机械手peripherala.周围的,外围的idiotn.白痴integratev.使成为一体,使结合起来hardautomation刚性自动化ahostof许多Lesson42BasicsofComputers(I)executev.执行binarya.二进制的readonlymemory(ROM)只读存储器randomaccessmemory(RAM)读写存储器,随机存储器erasablea.可擦去的volatilea.可丢失的Lesson43BasicsofComputers(二)harsha.恶劣的robusta.稳定的configurationn.结构,组态MorseCode莫尔斯电码sufficev.足够interferencen.干扰fluctuationn.脉动,波动expendablea.可消耗的intermediatea.中间的adaptorn.转换器transformern.变压器rectifiern.整流器capacitorn.电容器Zenerdiode齐纳(稳压)二极管buffern.缓冲寄存器comeacross碰到Baudrate波特率Lesson44ProgrammableControllersalbeitconj.虽然light-emittingdiodes发光二极管relayladderlogic继电器梯形逻辑图archaicallya.古体的,旧式的retentionn.保留,保持verseda.熟练的,精通的fluidicsn.射流sheera.完全的,绝对的profligatea.浪费的proprietarya.专利的,专有的booleanexpression布尔表达式Lesson45CAD/CAMComputed-aideddesign(CAD)n.计算机辅助设计Computed-aidedmanufacturing(CAM)n.计算机辅助制造automaticfactoryn.自动化工厂draftingn.制图Computer-aidedengineeringn.计算机辅助工程managementinformationsystemsn.管理信息系统graphicsterminaln.图像终端ashareddatabasen.公用数据库three-dimensionala.三维的keyboardn.键盘lightpen=lightpenn.光笔magnifyv.放大flipv,n.翻转copyv.拷贝amirrorimage镜像symmetricala.对称的artworkn.印刷线路原图Geometricmodelingn.几何模型制造kinematicsn.运动学Lesson48FlexibleManufacturingSy stems fexiblemanufacturingsystems(FMS)柔性制造系统flexiblemanufacturingcelles(FMC)柔性制造单元automatedguidedvehicles自动搬运小车conveyorn.传送装置palletloadingandunloadingcarts 上下料小车partprogram零件程序database数据库dataprocessingnetworks数据处理网络inspectionprogram检测程序robotprogram自动机程序real-timecontroldata实时控制数据theControlhierarchy控制层次real-timefaultrecovery实时故障恢复unmannedoperation无人化操作chipremovel排屑modulen.模块,组件intelligentnode智能节点。