语法总结之动词时态和语态
一、动词时态
1.命题特点
从语境提示和时态标志词入手，或者通过一句话加时态标志词来考查，或者通过一组对话来考查。

通过时态标志词可以很好的判断出答案，而对于对话题，学生必须仔细阅读对话，体会对话给出的语境信息。

2.解题思路及对策
弄清“时”和“态”，将八种时态组合成四对进行分析对比，形成知识结构框架。

记清时态标志词。

(2016北京)25. – Where did you go last weekend?
- I ____ to the Great Wall.
A. go
B. went
C. will go
D. have gone
(2016北京)26. Please don’t make so much noise. The baby ____ now.
A. sleeps
B. slept
C. will sleep
D. is sleeping
(2016北京)27. It’s nice to see you again. We ____ each other since 2014.
A. won’t see
B. don’t see
C. haven’t seen
D. didn’t see
(2015北京)27. – Mum, where is Dad?
– He ____ flowers in the garden now.
A.planted B .plants C. will plant D. is planting
(2015北京)28. My grandparents____ in that city since 2008.
A. will live
B. live
C. have lived
D. were living (2014北京)28.-What do you often do at weekends?
-I often ____ my grandparents.
A. visit
B. visited
C. have visited
D. will visit
(2014北京)30.- What were you doing when we were playing basketball yesterday afternoon?
- I ____ the classroom.
A. was cleaning
B. have cleaned
C. will clean
D. clean
(2014北京)32.He ____ in this factory for 20 years already.
A. will work
B. works
C. has worked
D. is working
三、动词的语态
1.命题特点
英语中，动词的语态分为主动语态和被动语态，主动语态的主语是动作的执行者，被动语态的主语是动作的承受者。

命题时，通常会提供具体的时态标志词和具体的语境。

2.解题思路及对策
熟练掌握被动语态的构成：总括的说是由“be+动词过去分词”构成。

具体见下表：
从时态出发，排除两个选项，再从语态出发，排除剩下两个选项里的一个，选出答案。

记住一句话：通过时间状语确定时态，通过主语确定语态。

3.真题演练
(2016北京)29.A new road ____ near my school next year.
A. builds
B. will build
C. is built
D. will be built
(2015北京)29.These model cars ____ in China in 2013.
A. are made
B. were made
C. make
D. made
(2014北京)31.A. new hospital ____ in my town next year.
A. builds
B. built
C. is built
D. will be built
4.强化训练
（11年高考）
21. Experiments of this kind in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
A. have conducted
B. have been conducted
C. had conducted
D. had been conducted
23.Tom in the library every night over the last three months.
A. works
B. worked
C. have been working
D. had been working
27. —That must have been a long trip.
—Y eah, it us a whole week to get there.
A.takes
B. has taken
C. took
D. was taking
32. —Bob has gone to California.
—Oh, can you tell me when he ?
A.has left
B. left
C. is leaving
D. would leave
（12年高考）
22. By the time you have finished this book, your meal ______ cold.
A. gets
B. has got
C. will get
D.is getting
25. George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he ______.
A. wouldn’t
B. didn’t
C. hasn’t
D. hadn’t
29. —Have you heard about that fire in the market?
— Y es, fortunately no one _____.
A.hurt
B. was hurt
C. has hurt
D. had been hurt
30. Our friendship _____ quickly over the weeks that followed.
A. had developed
B. was developing
C. would develop
D. Developed
（13年高考）
23. Shakespeare’s play Hamlet _____ into at least ten different films over the past years.
A. had been made
B. was made
C. has been made
D. would be made
25. --- Do you think Mom and Dad late?
--- No, Swiss Air is usually on time.
A.were
B. will be
C. would be
D. have been
28. Hurry up! Mark and Carl us.
A. expect
B. are expecting
C. have expected
D. will expect
32. --- So what is the procedure?
--- All the applicants before a final decision is made by the authority.
A. interview
B. are interviewing
C. are interviewed
D. are being interviewed （14年高考）
22. ---Hi, let’s go skating.
--- Sorry, I’m busy right now. I _______ in an application form for a new job.
A. fill
B. have filled
C. am filling
D. will fill
31.--- What time is it?
--- I have no idea. But just a minute, I ______ it for you.
A. check
B. checked
C. will check
D. would check
32. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _______ when I arrived.
A. started
B. was starting
C. would start
D. had started。