Keys to the Exercises:Part I The United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern IrelandChapter 11-5 B D C A B 6-8 B C DChapter 2 British HistoryKnowledge FocusI.1. T2. F3. T4.T5.T6.T7. F8.T9. T 10. F 11. F 12. T 13. T 14. F 15. F 16. FII. 1-4 C B D AIII.Advantages:a.Workers involved could work at their own speed.b.Children working in the system were better treated.c.Conditions of work were better.d.People worked for themselves could take a pride in what they did..e.Tension in the work place was minimal.Disadvantages:a.The production was very slow.b.The production was inefficient.c.It was difficult to make full use of materials and energy far away from home.d.The system could not satisfy the demand of the market.IV. 1-6 T F T F T FVa. Floodingb. explosive gasc. Poison gasd. Pit collapsesVI. OmitttedLanguage FocusI.1. prosperity2. tribal3. hereditary4. mystical5. reminder6. coveted7. strategic8. buffers9.assassination 10. stalemate 11.recession 12. deteriorated 13. divorcee 14.devolve15. reinforcements 16. evacuatedII. 1-5 FAIGH 6-10 JDBECChapter 3British EducationKnowledge FocusI.a. The state school refers to the kind of school that is funded by government. Therefore, students don’t have to pay a lot of money for the received education. It usually follows a standard curriculum nationwide. The majority of the students in the UK attend this kind of school.b. The public school is a fee-paying school. It usually enjoys a good academic reputation, and admission can be highly competitive. Its curriculum can be quite flexible. Students in this kind of school generally aim highly and their study often leads them to renowned colleges or universities. Only a small portion of the economically and academically privileged students can go to such a school.II.1-5 CDBDAIII.1-5 TFFTTIV.a.reference lettersb. a personal statementpetitive academic recordsd.required examse.an interviewf. a certificate of last completion of studiesg.social experienceLanguage FocusI.1-5 DDCCBII. (Omitted)Chapter 4 British EconomyKnowledge focus1. financial center2. Bank of England3. Pound Sterling4.industrialize5. America Language focus1-5 GIJHF 6-10 EADBCChapter 5 Government of the United KingdomI. The Constitutional MonarchyI.1. D2. B3. B4. A5. BII.1. constitutional, Monarch2. judiciary3. written4. symbolic/ceremonial5. leader III.1. ceremonial2. seniority3. hereditary4. presence5. symbolize6. majority7. independent8. precedence9. stimulate 10. tremendousIV.1. E) monarch2. B) shared3. G) elected4. C) legislative5. F) lower6. J) majority7. I) appointing8. H) symbolic9. A) neutral 10. D) developedII. The British Parliament: the Legislative BodyI.1. legislative, the Monarch, the House of Lords, the House of Commons2. to make law, Commons, Lords3. five4. First-Past-the-Post5. Upper, Lower6. Commons II.1. C2. C3. B4. D5. A6. BIII.1. T2. T3. F4. F5. F6. T7. T8. FIV．1. G) ceremonial2. H) annual3. A) addresses4. E) drafted5. B) outlines6. F) dissolve7. D) permission8. J) announcing9. I) Sovereign 10. C) adviceIII. British Government: the Executive BodyI.1. A2. C3. A4. A5. A6. B7. B8. DII.1. administrative2. civil servants3. The Cabinet4. No. 10 Downing Street5. CommonsIII.1. F2. F3. T4. T5. TIV. Political Parties and Election in BritainI.1. C2. D3. B4. DII.1. two-party, the Labour, the Conservative2. constituency3. majority4. Liberal,Conservative5. the government; the Prime Minister6. Official Opposition7. 18III.1. associate2. incapable3. empower4. responsive5. compulsory6. eligibleChapter 6 Culture of the United KingdomI. Customs and HabitsI.1. C2. D3. AII.1. D) occasions2. H) embarrassing3. G) well-educated4. A) equal5. J) beauties6. B) deserve7. F) attach8. E) sympathy9. C) respects 10. I) principleII. The FamilyI.1. F2. T3. T4. T5. FII.1. G) compared2. E) honeymoon3. D) worn4. F) harming5. H) key6. A) umbrella7. J) challenge8. I) possibilities9. B) symbolic 10. C) traditionalIII. Pub Culture in BritainI.1. F2. F3. TII.1. D) specific2. A) native3. C) remote4. F) indifferent5. B) feature6. G) fetch7. J) attracts8. I) higher9. E) promote 10. H) opportunityIV. Cuisine in BritainI.1. dinner2. brunch3. fish and chips4. high teaII1. c2. b3. aIII.1.C2.A3.D4.B5.B6.C7.A8.C9.B 10.D 11.B 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.A 17. B 18.C 19.D 20.BV. Holidays and Festivals in BritainI.1. Santa Claus2. the birth of Jesus Christ; Easter3. The Christmas Pantomime; the principal boy; the Dame (后面这两个空去掉也行，文中没有出现)4. Boxing DayII.1. B2. B 4. D 5. C 6. C 7. C 8. D 9. A10. BIII.1. H) shows2. B) different3. D) based4. G) characters5. I) pretty6. E) played7. C) form8. J) kicks9. A) contains 10. F) audienceVI. Sports in BritainI.1. B2. A3. B4. D5. BII.1. flat racing; steeplechasing2. the Royal Ascot3. hunt saboteursIII.1. G) responsible2. E) majority3. C) upturn4. H) victory5. A) trend6. I) total7. B) hosted8. F) minor9. J) leading 10. D) representVII. Religion in BritainI.1. Christianity2. Holy Bible3. IslamII.1. B2. A3. A4. A5. CIII.1. G) individual2. D) arisen3. B) name4. F) belonging5. I) opposed6. J) scientific7. H) appeals8. E) scientist9. C) unique 10. A) religiousVIII. Mass Media in BritainI.1. C2. B3. C4. A5. A6. B （和第二题重复了，删掉就行）II.1. F2. F3. F4. TIII.1. H) decades2. B) annually3. I) competition4. A) pastime5. J) basis6. F) published7. C) local8. D) aimed9. G) monthly 10. E) judgePart II The United States of AmericaChapter 1 HistoryChapter2 HistoryKnowledge FocusI.1. Columbus2. English3. 13, the United States Declaration of Independence, America’s Independence Day4. American Revolutionary War/American War of Independence5. Reconstruction, Freedmen/ex-slaves/freed slaves, Federal6. Roaring TwentiesII.1. T2. F the French and Indian War(the Seven Y ear’s War)3. T4. F the second Continental Congress5. F the US Constitution6. T7. T8. T9. F The unemployment decreased yet and remained fairly high 10. F first 11. T 12. F Bush and Al Gore 13. F no support of NA TO or an explicit UN mandate for military intervention 14. T 15. F affiliated Terrorist organizations continued to operate in Y emen and other remote areas III.Language FocusI.1. unhealthy, exposed to2. responded with, sparked, resistance3. convened, coordinate, grievances, petitioned, redress4. abolished, flourished, Mounting, agrarian, industrial5. defining, permanent, sealed, bondage6. eloquent, delivered7. discrimination, privileges, available8. crucial, struggle, backlash9. spreading, elimination, inaccurate, liberationII.(1) Proclaiming (2) endowed (3) unalienable (4) rejecting (5) sovereign (6) transformations (7) significant (8) responsible (9) independence (10) revolt (11) regulations (12) first (13) touched (14) inspireChapter 3 Government and PoliticsKnowledge FocusI.1. federalism, the separation of powers, and respect for the Constitution and the rule of law.2. legislative branch, executive branch and judicial branch3. the Bill of Right4. The separation of powers5. the House of Representatives, the Senate6. 35, natural born, 14, four-year, twice7. winner takes all /first-past-the-postII.1. T2. T3. F three levels: federal, state and local4. T5. F an executive veto can be overridden by a two-thirds majority vote in both houses6. F only the Congress7. T8. F the President is not directly elected by the people9. F Representatives serve two-year terms (Senators are elected to six-year terms by the people of each state.) 10. T 11. T 12. F the Vice President serves as the President of the Senate and may cast the decisive vote in the event 13. T 14. T 15. T 16. F the number of Supreme Court Justices is also left to Congress 17. F Congress cannot abolish the Supreme Court 18. F the Democratic Party 19. T 20. F The only exception to this is the disenfranchisement of convicted felons, and in some states former felons as well.Language FocusI.1. vested2. apportioned, proportion3. staggered4. subsequent, exceeds5. contempt6. referred, oversees7. merits and flaws, opponents, compel8. calendar9. precedence 10. overturnII.1. interdependent, delineated, specified, ensures, independent, infringing, in the hands of2. sole, enact, confirm, substantial3. assigned, revenue, in the case of4. confirm, ratify, exceptions, involves5. extensive, compel, deem6. enumerated, discretion7. promotes, affordable8. advocate, temperedIII.1. through2. on3. for4. at5. over6. to7. withIV.1. safeguards2. hold3. removed4. resignation5. insulates6. apply7. concerns8. interpret9. constrainedChapter 4 Economy of the United StatesKnowledge FocusI.1. The United States is a market-oriented economy. Due in part to the amount of both public and private investment, the economy of the United States is regarded as a type of mixed economy.2. A central feature of the U.S. economy is the economic freedom afforded to the private sectors. The U.S. business firms enjoy greater flexibility in decisions to expand capital plant, to lay off surplus workers, and to develop new products. This is enhanced by relatively low levels of regulation and government involvement, as well as a court system that generally protects property rights and enforces contracts.3. Although the U.S. is often referred to as a free market economy, this is not entirely true, since there are government regulations protecting certain sectors, notably energy and agriculture. The federal government takes all the necessary initiatives to ensure the growth and stability of the United States.The role of government in the US economy is crucial when it comes to decision-making regarding monetary and fiscal policies. The federal government makes full use of economic tools such as money supply, tax rates, and credit control to maintain low inflation, high economic growth, and low unemployment. Besides, the Federal Government also regulates the operations of private enterprise in various ways.II.1. T2. T3. F America remains the world's largest manufacturer4. T5. T6. T7. F the U.S. property and corporate income tax rates are generally higher, while labor and, particularly, consumption tax rates are lower.8. F The United States is a market-oriented economy but due in part to the amount of both public and private investment, the economy of the United States is regarded as a type of mixed economy.9. T 10. T 11. T 12. F the U.S. Federal Government also regulates the operations of private enterprise in various ways. 13. F The U.S. is the second largest energy consumer in total use 14. T 15. F NASDAQ is the largest electronic screen-based equity securities trading market in the United States 16. TLanguage FocusI.1. embroiled2. absorbed3. crucial4. renders5. civilian6. charitable7. contractedII.1. derivatives, subprime, declining2. unified, supportive, entrepreneurial3. flexibility, counterparts, lay off4. prohibit, unduly5. inadequate, stagnation, concernsIII.1. with2. in3. on/upon4. at5. by6. forChapter 5 American EducationPreview Exercises1-6 12 secondary Ivy League sophomore SA T Harvard University/Y ale University Review exercises:I. 1-5 ACBDB 6-8 BCDII. F F F T F FIII. Questions for discussion1.What are the admission criteria into colleges for American high school students?pare Chinese educational system and American educational system.3.Discuss the importance of education in your life.Language focus1. distinguished2. criterion3. encompass4. prestigious5. compulsory6. Remedial7. omprised8. benchmark9. prerequisite 10.carefreeChapter 6 American Society and CultureII-III American cultural values and social customsI. DDBCC CAAACII. CJGDH FAIBEIII. Explain the following terms in English.1. Individualism is the very core of American culture and the main value in America which hasbeen influencing all the fields of politics, economics and society, even the character of the nation. It upholds self--reliance, individual freedom, equal competition.2. Rather than a symbol of sin and decadence, American materialism has always been an integralpart of life, and people attach great importance to the pursuit of material achievement and judge people by their material possessions.3. Briefly speaking, the pioneering spirit is being optimistic, active and high-spirited, industrial,tough, never yield to difficulties. American pioneers have a strong will to conquer. They are industrial and advance toward their causes without any hesitation.VI. Write between 100 ~ 150 words on the following topics1.1) The pioneering spirit. The pioneering spirit originating from the frontier experience hasbecome the national legacy and produced optimistic, active and high-spirited, industrial, toughAmerican people who never yield to any difficulties.2) Success as a goal. Americans place a very high valuation upon success. For them, success does not necessarily mean material rewards, but recognition of some sort－preferably measurable. 3) Frankness and Honesty . Americans are outspoken and seldom beat around the bush. They are direct and assertive. They also believe that “Honesty is the best policy.”4) Self-reliance and Independence. The most noticeable characteristic of the Americans is probably their sense of self-reliance and independence. Americans don’t like to depend on others, nor do they like others to depend on them.5) Progress and Change.American people Americans place great importance on progress and change. They are willing to change from one occupation to another. Besides, Americans believe no one stands still. If you are not moving ahead, you are falling behind.2.V isiting is an important part of American life, therefore, several points should be noticed.To begin with, you should make an arrangement ahead of time. Secondly, be punctual. Y ou can only be 5 minutes earlier. And if you can't arrive on time, give a call and explain. Thirdly, you should prepare a gift. One gift is ok for the whole family and try to offer help to host in some way. Another thing you should notice is don't smoke or drink. It is always best to ask before you smoke or bring alcohol to the table. And finally, when the dinner is over, don't overstay your welcome, two or three hours after the dinner is desirable.Language Focus1. nurture2. permeate3. stance4. tangible5. expelled6. outlet7. decadence8. component IV American family and social problemsPre-reading QuestionsII. 18 nuclear family companionship Racial discrimination Drug abuse campus violenceAfter-reading ExercisesI. BCADC DABAC BDCAC DCABAII. BBDCALanguage Focus1. smuggle2. distinctive3. arson4. rife5. extinct6. flare7. dysfunction8. aggravate dandruff VI-VII American religion and holidaysKnowledge FocusI.1. The First Amendment to the Constitution2. Christianity3. Protestantism4. Baptists5. Independence Day6. Labor Day7. Turkey Day8. ChristmasII.1. T2. F Those people whose religion forbids them to fight can perform other services instead of becoming soldiers.3. F the government requires no belief—not even a belief in God—as a condition of holding public office.4. T5. T6. T7. F it is American Hindus not Jews8. T9. T 10. F originally honored the people killed in the American Civil War 11. T 12. F World War I not American Civil War 13. T 14. F Christmas and Easter 15. T 16. F Halloween is not an official holiday 17. TLanguage FocusI.1. profoundly2. hinder3. meddle4. fertile5. numerically6. entwined7. agnostic8. approximately9. prevalent 10. persistent 11. proclaimed 12. accustomed 13. display II.1. resolutions, get rid of, resolve2. tireless, nonviolent3. acknowledge, grateful, implore4. promote, concern5. complements, maternal, paternalIII.1. on, through2. across3. for4. with5. in6. for7. in8. outIV.1. characterized2. flourished3. in favor of4. switched5. on the verge of6. remarkable7. consistsVIII American sports and mediaAfter-reading ExercisesI. BBII. 1-5 T NG T F NG 6-10 T NG F NG FLanguage Focus1. preeminent2. propaganda3. sanction4. circulation5. penetrate6. culmination7. mateur8. consolidate。