2.按照船体所使用材料 钢船 steel ship 木船 wooden ship 水泥船 cement[si`ment] ship 玻璃钢船 F.R.P fiberglass reinforced plastics [ˈfaibə ɡlɑ:s] 铝合金船 aluminum alloy ship aluminum [ə`lu:mənəm] 名词 n.铝 alloy[`æ lɔi]名词 n.合金
3.按主机所在位置分类 尾机型 aft engine vessel
[æ ft] [`endʒin] [`vesəl] 中机型middle engine vessel 中后尾机型 middle-aft engine vessel

4.按照用途分类 杂货船 general cargo carrier 散货船 bulk carrier 油船 oil tanker 化学品船chemical tanker 液化气船liquefied gas carrier
Some features of this international transportation, such as weather and climatic changes, availability of cargo handling facilities and international regulations, will be considered in later chapters. feature 特点；面貌 international transportation国际运输 availability 利用率； cargo handling facilities货物装卸设备 一些国际运输的特征，例如天气和气候的变化，货 物装卸设备利用率及国际规则，将会在后面的章节 提到。
工的、低碳的
杂货船通常使用横骨或混合骨架形式，利用低碳 钢的型材及板材。 注：section：型材、剖面、分段、部门
superstructure 上层建筑 Passenger ships, with their large areas of superstructure, employ lighter metals and
一、Vocabulary and Sentence
Merchant ships exist to carry cargoes across the waterways of the world safely, speedily and economically. 货物 merchant ship [`mə:tʃənt] 商船 Waterways 水路 Cargoes 货物 商船能够在世界水路范围内安全、快速、经 济的运输货物。
第二段 The ship, in its various forms, has evolved to accomplish its function depending upon three main factors—the type of cargo carried, the type of construction and materials used, and the area of operation. type of construction 结构形式 营运 注： operation：营运、操作、运转、手术
船舶功能，特征及类型
Practice makes perfect！ 熟能生巧 Translation means translating meanings! 翻译即译意
e.g. One boy is a boy，two boys half a boy， three boys no boy. 一个和尚挑水吃，两个和尚抬水吃，三个 和尚没水吃。 English wear their hearts on their sleeve. 英国人是赤诚相待的。
合金 铝
alloys such as aluminium to reduce the weight of the upper regions of the ship. 客船具有大面积的上层建筑，因此采用轻 质金属和合金，例如用铝来减轻船舶上层 区域的重量。
英文技术文献阅读
学时：52 上课内容：1-14课 上课时间：09311-2班1-9周，15-18周 09315-6班1-13周
课程要求
1.掌握常用的船舶词汇。 2.能够读懂船舶方面的英文文献。 3.具有一定的将船舶科技文献翻译成 中文的能力。
Lesson 1 The Ship–its Functions, Features and Types
内河 river service 静水 smooth water service 受限制的静水 limited smooth water service 港内使用port use , harbor service harbor [hɑ:bə]名词 n.1.海港,海湾

The general cargo ship functions today as a general carrier and also, in several particular forms, for unit-based or unitized cargo carrying. Examples include container ships, pallet ships and ‘roll-on, roll-off’ ships. container ship 集装箱船 pallet ship [`pæ lit] 托盘货船 ‘roll-on, roll-off’ ship 滚装船 作为运输杂货的杂货船现今有这样几中特殊 形式来运输单元货物。例如集装箱船，托盘 货船，滚装船

Since a large part of the world’s surface, approximately three-fifths, is covered by water, it is reasonable to consider that the merchant ship will continue to perform its function for many centuries to come. Approximately [ə`prɔksimitli]副词 adv.近似地, 大约，大概，近乎 Since 既然(表原因） surface[`sə:fis]表面 a large part of 一大部分 既然大部分(约有3/5）的地球表面是被水覆盖，我 们有理由认为商船将会在接下来的许多世纪里继续 执行其功能。
framing 骨架 shell plating 外板 The principal types of construction refer to the framing arrangement for stiffening the outer shell plating, the three types being longitudinal, transverse and combined framing. 纵向的
液化乙炔气船liquefied ethylene carrier (LEG carrier)被设计用来运输LEG 货舱 设计温度为-104º C ethylene[`eθə`li:n] 乙烯 多用途液化气船（LNG/LPG/LEG combine carrier)被设计用来运输 LPG,LNG,LEG 总舱容为5000立方米
tanker 液货船、油轮 原油 石油制品 The tanker has its specialized forms for
the carriage of crude oil, refined oil products, liquefied gases, etc..
液化的
液货船有其特殊的形式方便原油、石油制 品以及液化气等的运输。
船舶类型知识
按照航区进行分类：航区不同，在建造完成 实际投入营运后所适用的船级规则及国际公 约有很大不同，这就造成了不同航区的船在 船体构造及设备方面有很大差异。
远洋 ocean going 近海 coasting service 受限制的近海 restricted coasting service 沿海非国际 coasting service and home trade limit
The passenger ship includes, generally speaking, the cruise liner and some ferries. passenger ship 客船 cruise liner 豪华邮轮 ferry 轮渡
总的来说，客船包括客轮和轮渡。
The type of construction will affect the cargo carried and, in some generally internal aspects, the characteristics of the ship. type of construction 结构形式；骨架形式 affect[ə`fekt] 及物动词 vt. 影响 船舶的骨架形式影响货物的运输以及在某 些内在方面来说，影响船舶的性能。
The worldwide nature of this function involves the ship, its cargo and its crew in many aspects of international life. 方面 crew 船员 船舶功能在世界范围内的主要包括船舶、 货物、船员在国际间生活的各方面（内 容）。
横向的 混合的
主要的结构形式指那些加强外板的骨架布置，三 种常见的类型是纵骨架式、横骨架式及混合骨架 式。
general cargo ships section 型材 plating 板材