中考英语同义句转换方法透析及相关练习
四川省攀枝花市盐边县渔门中学吴秀华
众所周知，语言是思想、情感交流的载体。相同的意思有时可以用不同的方式表达。了解并学会多种表达法，能更好地适应交际的需要。同义句转换也是中考常考题型。此类题型考生失分较大。现归纳以下解题方法与思路。
一、运用同义词或同义词组e.g. 1. I got a letter from my brother last weekend.= I heard from my brother last weekend.2.His little sister could dress herself when she was three years old.= His little sister was able to dress herself at the age of three.这类题目首先要注意比较上下两句，找出需要改动的地方，运用同义词或同义词组进行转换。还要注意把握两句的时态、数的单复和主谓一致等。Exercises:1.A.The children are having a good time in the park now.B. The children are__________ ____________ in the park _________ _________ ___________.2.A.He spent thirty minutes in finishing his homework. My God.B._____ _________ him ________ _________ _________ ________ finish his homework.3.A.Very soon the baby started crying.B. In ________ ___________ the baby _________ ________ cry.4.A.What do you think of the movie you saw last week?B.___________ do you __________ the movie you saw last week?5.A.There is ly an old chair in the room.B. There's _________ __________ an old chair in the room.6.A.What's the matter with you, young man?B. What's _________ with you, young man?7.A.Did you have any problems in working out the math problem?B. Did you have ______________ in _____________ the math problem?8.A.He'll come to my birthday soon after he finishes his project.B. He'll come to my birthday __________ __________ ________ his project is finished.二、运用反义词或反义词组e.g. 1.She failed the English exam last time.= She didn't pass the English exam last time.2.His house is near the school.= His house isn't far from the school.= His house is close to the school.这类题目可以否定句中的动词或形容词，是两句意思相符。仍然要注意动词时态一致。Exercise:9.A.I don't think the pig is beautiful.B._______ ________ ___________, the pig is __________.10..A.All of the questions are easy.B.____________ __________ the questions is _________________.11..A.They didn't find anything under the desk..B. They _____________ ____________ under the desk.三、动词短语转换成介词短语e.g. 1.Yesterday Mr. King went to New York by air.= Mr. King flew to New York yesterday.此类题目关键就是使用恰当的介词短语，还要注意动词时态一致。Exercises:12..A. Helen always goes to school on foot.B. Helen always ____________ __________school.13.A.Tom used a brush to clean his shoes.B. Tom ________ his shoes ____________ a brush.14.A. Manuel usually goes to work by subway, sometimes he rides his motorcycle.B. Manuel usually ________the subway to work, but at times he goes to work ______ motorbike.四、单句转换成复句，或者复句转换成单句e.g. 1.She found him a very clever student.= She found that he was a pretty clever student.2.The gate is quite wide. Two cars can go through it at the same time.= The gate is so wide that two cars can go through it together.此类题目需要熟悉一些重要的句型和短语。例如：too... to ...; so ...that...; not... until...等。还要注意了解相关转换类型，如：without短语与if/ unless条件状语从句的转换；enough to ...与so ...that ...的转换；too...to...,not...enough to..., so...that ...not...的相互转换等。Exercises:15.A.Mrs Green doesn't like traveling by plane at all, I think.B.I ____________ think Mrs. Green ___________ traveling a lot.16.A.The boy is too young to go to school.B. The boy is __________ young ________ he __________ do to school.C. The boy isn't _______ ____________ _________ go to school.17.A.Fish can't live if there's no water.B. Fish can't live ___________ _________ water.C. Fish can't live __________ there _______ water.18.A.He seemed tired last night.B._________ __________ that _______ was tired last night.19.A.The book is so difficult that none of us ca read it.B.The book is ________ difficult _________ us ________ read.C The book _________ ________ ________ for us to read.20.A.I can't finish the work on time if you don't help me.B.I can't finish the work on time ___________ __________ ___________.C.I can't finish the work on time _________ you ________ me ______ ___________.21.A.I think it easy to work out the physic problem.B.I think I _______ work out the physic problem _____________ .C.________ easy ________ me _______ work out the physic problem.五、同一单词的不同词性相互转换e.g. .He promised to help us.= He made a promise to help us.此类题目要求学生在记单词的时候要理解它们的词性。功在平时，博闻强识。Exercise：22.A.Jim didn't come to school because he was ill.B. Jim didn't come to school ___________ _________ his ____________.23A.Mike decided to try to learn English well.B Mike ___________ a __________ to try to learn English well.2