Mobile devices 移动设备
(tracking all objects all the time) （对所有对象的全时跟踪）
Scientific instruments 科学仪器
(collecting all sorts of data) 收集各种数据
Sensor technology and networks 传感技术和网络
• 护肤液——宝宝计划中的女性在孕中期开始前后会大量采买无香味护肤液。
• Supplements – Sometime during the first 20 weeks, pregnant women buy supplements like calcium, magnesium and zinc.
Big Data and Analytics in Higher Education 高等教育中的大数据及解析
Overview 概观
• Big Data - Definition • 大数据——定义 • Who’s collecting data? • 是谁在收集数据？ • How Target figured out a teen girl was pregnant before her father did • Target软件是如何在一个少女的父亲察觉之前就判断出她已怀孕的 • Analytics – Definition • 分析——定义 • Learning Analytics - Definition • 学习分析——定义 • Civitas Learning Community Insights report
• 肥皂和棉球——除了洗手液和毛巾之外，孕妇们还会购买很多的无味肥皂和特 大袋的棉球；意味着她们离生产日期越来越近。
• 营养品——在前20周的时候，孕妇们会购买一些如钙、镁和锌之类的补品。
• Soap and Cotton Balls – Pregnant women buy lots of scent-free soap and extra-big bags of cotton balls, in addition to hand sanitizers and washcloths; signals they could be getting close to their delivery date.
(measuring all kinds of data) （监测各种数据）
Who’s collecting data? 是谁在收集数据？
₋ Web data, e-commerce ₋ 网络数据，电子商务 ₋ Purchases at department/ ₋ grocery stores ₋ 采购部门 ₋ 杂货店 ₋ Bank/Credit Card ₋ transactions ₋ 银行/信用卡 ₋ 交易 ₋ Social Networks ₋ 社交网络 ₋ Universities ₋ 大学
• “希维塔斯学习”《社区观察》报告
• The Future of Learning Analytics • 学习分析的未来
Big Data – A Definition 大数据——一个定义
• Extremely large data sets that have been analyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends and associations, especially relating to human behavior and interactions.
Analyzed the data and patterns emerged. 分析出现的数据和模式。
• Lotions - Women on the baby registry were buying larger quantities of unscented lotion around the beginning of their second trimester.
• 经过计算分析的巨量数据集合，用以揭示模式、趋势和关联（尤其是与人类行 为和交互相关的模式、趋势和关联）。
Lots of Infographics 大量的信息图像
Who’s collecting data? 是谁在收集数据？
Social media and networks
社交媒体和网络
(all of us are generating data) （我们都在生成数据）
• Target给每位客户分配一个与他们的信用卡、姓名或电子邮件地址绑定的用户 身份识别号码，以此储存客户的消费信息以及所有 Target 从客户身上收集的 个人数据，同时也包括从其他来源获得客户个人数据。这样， Target 就可以 了解所有曾在 Target 宝宝计划登记过的女士们的历史采购数据。
Social Media
Banking/ Finance
Gaming
You
Your Known History
Entertainment NhomakorabeaPurchases
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• Target assigns every customer a Guest ID number, tied to their credit card, name, or email address that becomes a bucket that stores a history of everything they’ve bought and any demographic information Target has collected from them or bought from other sources. Using that, Target looked at historical buying data for all the ladies who had signed up for Target baby registries in the past.