同位语从句01什么是同位语？一些语法书是这样定义同位语的：一个名词对另一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明，这个名词就是同位语。
”这个解释还算听得懂，大意就是一一同位语是用来解释、补充说明的。
我们每天说的中国话，就有同位语现象。
比如，我们广东人真的什么都吃！”这里的我们”和广东人”就是同位语的关系，广东人” 是同位语，是对我们”的补充说明；而这里的我们”就是先行词。
在这个句子的语境里，我们=广东人；同位2字，可以简单粗暴地理解为：2者有相同的地位，去掉其中一个，意思也不会大变。
02同位语的几个面孔在英语中，同位语会以哪几种形式出现呢？简单了解一下就好了，重点还是要放在同位语从句上。
1）名词Tony, sister's ex, was a total jerk.我妹的前^^Tony是个彻头彻尾的值畀.m* sisters 井知删洩垠愛釧Sill9. Orslhorn in the htniih^ always feelco IK erned about my sister作为家里前老大，我为老妹損碎了心._厂、3）直接引语There coirius a question, **to be or not to he""?那么问题来了："活看还是宥带？n注：双引号里讲的内容，就是直接引语。
4）句子Report has it that t it building is haunted.传闻说这拣楼闹鬼.注：report表示传闻、谣言”的时候，可以是可数名词［C］，也可以是不可数名词［U］。
Report has it that 固定搭配，传闻....... ”什么传闻？that the buildi ng ishaunted,就是传闻的内容；从句对前面的先行词report进行解释说明，正是我们说的【同位语从句】。
除了report，还有哪些名词可以当同位语从句的先行词呢？巨多，如下：畏消息*値息story, rumor, messagestalcmcnl, evidence theory,indication 何魚）thought, opinion problem.question belief, truth, hopedoubt, conclusion裏可能性possibility * prohabihty裹要求requirement,理屮呛隸insisience （坚决舉求｝Bittsuggestion T advice proposal, proposiiion idea h decisinn rcco mm end a lionagreement> promise impression. recognition realization （领会）order, instriKtion先行門岡位语从句Her family have heard [the ncwsj that she lost her job.值得注意的是，在表示要求、建议（想法）、命令的名词后面，同位语从句用虚拟语气：should +动词原形，should可省略。
还记得我们在【表语从句】中提到过的要、建、命”用虚拟语气吗？这类要建命”同样适用于学的同位语从句。
从上面的名词表抽一部分出来，就是要用虚拟语气的抽象名词了：表要求requirements request insistence（坚决要求）I *建议suggestion, advice proposal» proposition idea, decisionrecommendation表order, mstruction 她家里听说了她失业的事。
Mom left|ordcr^that 1 (should) tidy my rn<m) before I went chopping with my friends* 老妈发话了，跟阳蜜逛街闸，我得先收抬好自己的房闾.Dad olTered a suggestion)that 1 (should) go shopping with tn> fritiids.老苞建议我眼底事们去逛浙*03同位语从句的2种类型1.名词+ thatYou cannot change the^Fact)that your ex is dead!你前任狗带了，这个事实你无法改变！Many foreigners hold thejopinionjthat allChinese people can do some kunjilu.不少歪果仁都认为是个中国人就会功夫或2.名词+疑问词疑问词我们概括为非常6+1”。
这里的6,指的是5W + 1H : what，who, why，when，where 和how+ 1: whether注：whom和whose都归到who里去了。
来看几个例子：Mam was upset.我不知遺老妈为件么炸毛。
Mom came up with the queMiunh* hurt Dad hud Uikeit the puppx t*.老妈发问了；我悝把狗子弄到噪里去了.04分隔式同位语从句在一起J#1VYou cannot change thc^ctjthat your ex is deadf你前任狗带了，这个事实你无法改变！今天七夕.kl^KEIVL •被折敗：）Thefhictlcannot be changed that \our v\ <s（ka（l!你前任狎帯了.这个爭实你无注改变！cannot be changed这几个单词硬生生把the fact顶到最前面去了，这样先行词就跟后面的同位语从句强行分开了：）这就叫做分隔式同位语从句”。
再来几个例句：”檢拆敢Report liasit that the building h haunted.传闻说这栋楼闹鬼。
The'siorvlgoes that Tony has lot his job.据说托尼失业了。
05同位语从句vs定语从句同位语从句和定语从句的区别是什么？很多同学傻傻分不清楚。
简单回顾一下，定语就是adj.，定语从句就是形容、修饰先行词的从句，而同位语从句的关键就在于找到先行词，再看从句是不是对它进行解释说明的。
如果是，同位语从句没跑了。
归纳起来，2者跟先行词的关系是：同位语从句：解释（啥是啥）定语从句：定义（怎样的啥）你萌试着判断下一组句子，哪个是同位语从句, 哪个是定语从句1)I was shocked at the fact that he died.2) I was shocked at the fac that he told me先行词同位语从句he died他狗带这件事惊呆我了”定位先行词facto啥事儿啊？that he died，这件事讲的是：他狗带了news = he died，两者相等，地位相同，因此是同位语从句。
先行词宦语从句1 was shocked at the fact that he told me.他告诉我的这件事，惊呆我了，同样先定位先行词fact。
再看从句that he told me （他告诉我）连起来就是：他告诉我的消息从句指明了是他告诉我的，而不是张三或李四那里听来的，从句定义了消息的来源，因此是定语从句。
再看3组句子，尝试分辨同位语从句和定语从句。
1）The story that the book told you is true.The story that Man has been to the moon is true.2）Mom made a promise that she would take us to Disneyland.Mom made a promise that pleased us3）She heard the terrible news, which brought her heart into her mouth .She heard the terrible news：hat he died.先行词定语从句The storylthat the book told you is true.这本书里讲的故事.是真的“ 看先行词story和从句的关系。
从句that the book told you（这本书所告诉你的）跟story怎样才能建立联系？-这本书所讲的故事不是电影里看来的故事，也不是听妈妈讲的故事，从句that the book told you定义了先行词story，所以是定语从句。
先疗诲同位语从旬M ui bus hccn to the moon is true.同上，看先行词story和从句的关系。
什么故事呢？不是《美女与野兽》，也不是《阿拉丁神灯》，而是人类跑到月亮上去的故事，story = Man has been to the moo n，所以是同位语从句。
先行词Mom made a nromis 同位语从句? would take人类登月的故事是真的“us to Disney land.■a*老妈答应带我们去迪斯尼玩”Mom made老妈承诺了一件让我们很开心的事儿"先行词定语从句She heard the terrible (news, u tiich brouglither heart into her mouth.听到这个可怕的消息.她差点没被吓死。
先行调間位语从句ShE heard the terrible uiews that he died.她听到他狗带了的可怕消息a课后练习一、分别找出下列句子的先行词和同位语从句1)Concerns were raised that witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to en sure guilty verdicts.2)The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday.3)These leaders are liv ing proof that preve nti on works and that we can man age the health problems that come n aturally with age.、单选题（夹杂定语从句）1)Along with the letter was his promise _______________ h e would visit me over Christmas.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whe n2)Luckily, we ' d brought a road map without __________________ we would have lost our way.A. itB. thatC. whichD. what3)It is still a question __________ w e shall have our sports meeting.A. whichB.thatC. whatD. whe n4)Evidence has been found through years of study ____________________ children ' s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.A. whyB. howC. whetherD. that5)When the news came ________________ the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.A. sinceB. whichC. thatD. because6)He often asked me the question________________ the work was worth doing.A. whetherB. whereC. thatD. when。