句子结构Seven basic clause types
SVC SV SVA SVO SVOA SVOC SVoO
•1. Walden Pond, once praised by Thoreau for its natural beauty, is now the site of many tourist stands.
10. Hurricane winds can blow as fast as 180 miles (290 kilometers) an hour. A.Predicate Verb: B. Adverbial:
•
10. Hurricane winds can blow as fast as 180 miles (290 kilometers) an hour. A. Predicate Verb: can blow B. Adverbial: as fast as 180 miles (290 kilometers) an hour
15. These criminals might have been guilty of murder. A. Predicate Verb: B. Complement:
• 15. These criminals might have been guilty of murder. A. Predicate Verb: might have been B. Complement: guilty of murder
• 8. What is the most expensive meal listed on the menu ? A.Subject: B. Complement:
•
8. What is the most expensive meal listed on the menu ? A. Subject: the most expensive meal listed on the menu B. Complement: What
•2. Almost every summer night the cooling northeast wind swept through our bedroom windows, making air conditioning unnecessary and a light blanket welcome. / Sweeping through our bedroom windows almost every summer night, the cooling northeast wind made…
• 3. People have thought about going to space for many years. A. Predicate verb: have thought about B. Object: going into space
• 4. The snake warms up and crawls out of the bag. A. Predicate Verb: B. Adverbial:
• 11. The spiral (盘旋）of the air and moist air begins to twist and grow and spin faster and faster in counterclockwise direction. A. Subject: The spiral of heated air and moist air B. Object: to twist and grow and spin
KEY: Joshua quickly finished his homework and went out to play. • A. Object: his homework • B. Adverbial: quickly, to play
2. The huge black horse easily won the race. A. Subject B. Object
•3. The steep surrounding slopes were capped with snow, which fed two streams plunging down to join in the valley below.
•4. With the river on one side and a large tree providing shade, this is a good spot for a picnic, and we can spread our blanket on the grassy knoll.
主谓结构
主语(S) 谓语(V)
宾语(O)
状语(A) ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ语(C)
句子结构基本句型
SV SVC SVO SVoO SVOC
句子结构Seven basic clause types
SV SVC SVA SVO SVOA SVoO SVOC
辨认分句成分
1. Joshua quickly finished his homework and went out to play. • A. Object: • B. Adverbial:
• 4. The snake warms up and crawls out of the bag. A. Predicate Verb: warms up and crawls B. Adverbial: out of the bag
•
5. Saturn is one of the most beautiful planets to look at through a telescope because of the many rings that surround it A. Complement: B. Adverbial:
• 5. Saturn is one of the most beautiful planets to look at through a telescope because of the many rings that surround it A. Complement: one of the most beautiful planets to look at through a telescope B. Adverbial: because of the many rings that surround it
• A. Predicate Verb: does not shine • B. Adverbial: At the north pole; for half of the year
14. The cold winds that blow off of the Arctic Ocean makes the north pole a very cold place. A. Subject: B. Object Complement:
• 7. How many pairs of shorts should you and your brother bring ? A. Subject: B. Object:
• 7. How many pairs of shorts should you and your brother bring ? A. Subject: you and your brother B. Object: How many pairs of shorts
13. At the north pole the sun does not shine for half of the year. A. Predicate Verb: B. Adverbial:
• 13. At the north pole the sun does not shine for half of the year.
9. The boy scouts(男童子军） teach their members an “Outdoor Code” before camp. A.Direct object: B. Indirect object:
• 9. The boy scouts(男童子军）teach their members an “Outdoor Code” before camp. A. Direct object: an “Outdoor Code” B. Indirect object: their members
• 14. The cold winds that blow off of the Arctic Ocean makes the north pole a very cold place. A. Subject: The cold winds that blow off of the Arctic Ocean B. Object Complement: a very cold place
• • 句 导 子 论 结 构
导论—语法层次
• 英语的语法结构具有层次性：5个层次
句子（sentence) 分句(clause) 词组(phrase) 词(word) 词素 (morpheme)
EXAMPLE
• These undergraduates are rapidly improving in their writing.
11. The spiral (盘旋）of the air and moist air begins to twist and grow and spin faster and faster in counterclockwise direction. A. Subject: B. Object:
12. The direction a hurricane’s spiral moves is counterclockwise. A. Subject: B. Complement: