直升机教育：三大从句之——定语从句定语：修饰名词，把名词“定住”I don’t like lazy people.I don’t like people who never keep their word.先行词关系词先行词：被定从修饰的名词，常出现在定从前面，故称为“先行词”关系词：引导定语从句，在从句中充当先行词的“替身”一、关系词【关系代词】who whom which that whose asI don’t like people who never keep their word.【关系副词】when where whyI will never forget the day when I met you.【总结】从句缺名词时用关代，不缺名词用关副*特别注意！！！定从的世界里没有what和how！1.whose：“ta的”/“ta们的”例：【2013福建】The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ______ lives were affected.A. whoseB. thatC. whoD. which【2005天津】Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ______ effects the people are still suffering.A. thatB. whoseC. thoseD. what【2006福建】Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ______ r oof is under repair.A. whoseB. whichC. of whichD. that【2009天津】A person ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. whoever2.as：“正如”【2004北京】______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. ItB. AsC.ThatD. What【2004江苏】______ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.A. WhichB. WhenC. WhatD. As▪As is known to all,…正如我们都知道的，…▪As has been said before,…正如先前说过的，…▪As is s hown in the picture,…正如图画中展示的那样▪As often happens,…正如经常发生的，…注：as的“先行词”是整个主句as从句中常用被动as引导的定从可置于主句之前3.which：“这件事”【2013天津】We have launched another man-made satellite, ______is announced in today’s newspaper.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. what【2005浙江】Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office.A. whichB. thatC. thisD. it注：which的“先行词”也可以是整个主句【2007浙江】Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, ______ used to be poorly run, is now a successful one.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. where【2011浙江】English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ______ uses it differently.A. whichB. whatC. themD. those注：which的“先行词”也可以是某个名词4.that：“人物绝不避人物”·人：that可以指代人·物：that可以指代物·绝：当先行词表“绝对”意义时，用that·不：当先行词是“不定代词”时，用that·避：如果句子里已经用了who/which，为避免重复，可以用that ·人物：当先行词“即有人又有物”时，用that5.不能用that的情况▪逗号后▪介词后▪一．单句练习▪ 1. There isn’t a moment ________ I’ m not thinking of you.▪▪ 2. She has married again, _______ was unexpected.▪ 3. It is such a good place ______ everybody wants to go and visit ______ it is w ell known all over the world.▪ 4 One of the boys who _______(be) my friends ________(be) very good at Engl ish.▪ 5. I will put the book _______ you placed it and make a mark at the place ____ ___ can be easily seen.▪(2013杭州) Being blind is something ___ most people can’t imagine.▪ A. who B. what C. that D. whom▪(2012天津) Please pass me the cartoon book ___ has a Mickey Mouse on the cover.▪ A. whom B. whose C. who D. which▪(2012广东) There will be a flower show in the park ___ we visited last week.▪ A. who B. when C. what D. which▪(2010天津) Jamie is a young cook ___ wants to improve school dinners.▪ A. who B. whose C. whom D. which▪(2009绍兴) The whole world is fighting against the H1N1, a disease ___ has caused many deaths.▪ A. who B. which▪ C. whom D. what▪(2009杭州) Is that the man ___ helped us a lot after the earthquake?▪ A. whose B. which▪ C. when D. who二、定从解题技巧▪Step1：定从的世界里没有what和how▪Step2：如果有as和whose，则优先考虑as和whose▪Step3：如果从句不完整，填关代，此时“逗号或介词后”不用that，其他情况用that；如果从句完整，填关副，此时“非时间即地点”——只要先行词不是时间，不管是不是地点，都看做地点。

【2013湖南】Happiness and success often come to those ______ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A. whomB. whoC. whatD. which【2013山东】Finally he reached a lonely island ______ was completely cut off from the outside world.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. whom【2010全国Ⅱ】I refuse to accept the blame for something ______was someone else’s fault.A. whoB. thatC. asD. whatThis is one of the most exciting football games ______ I have ever seen.A. whereB. thatC. whatD. which【2010福建】Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ______ life has developed gradually.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. whose【2011湖南】Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of ______ she spoke fluently.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. that【2011全国II】Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ______ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.A. thisB. thatC. whatD. which三、“介词+关代”现象The girl with whom you will dance is my girlfriend.【2009陕西】Gun control is a subject ____ Americans have argued for a long time.A. of whichB. with whichC. about whichD. into which【2004全国I】The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ______ the sailing time was 226 days.A. of whichB. during whichC. from whichD. for which【2004全国】There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, ______ five are mine.A. on whichB. in whichC. of whichD. from which【2012湖南】Care of the soul is a gradual process ______ even the small details of life should be considered.A. whatB. in whatC. whichD. in which【2006福建】Look out! Don’t get too close to the house______ roof is under repair.A. whoseB. whichC. of whichD. that四、“限制”/“非限制”I have a girlfriend who works abroad.I have a girlfriend, who works abroad.He never wears clothes which make him look different.He never wears clothes, which make him look different.五、定从的翻译（一）在汉语中，用“动词+的”修饰名词时，英语中用定语从句·李辉是个教英语的老师。