Book 3 Unit 8 教材总结Text A一、单词New wordsbafflevt.confuse sb. completely; be too difficult or strange for sb. to understand or explain 使困惑；难住The mystery that baffled him most was Jos' sudden disappearance from the lakeside cottage. 最让他困惑的谜团是乔斯在湖边小屋的突然失踪。
provocativea.intended to make people angry or upset; intended to make people argue about sth. 挑衅的；煽动的；引起争端的For our conservative small town, "sexual harassment at the workplace" was a particularly provocativetopic. 对我们这个风气比较保守的小镇来说，―工作场所的性骚扰‖是特别令人义愤填膺的话题。
opinionateda.having very strong opinions that you are not willing to change 固执己见的；顽固的Ever since I've known Betty, she has been very opinionated, and she thinks that she is right abouteverything. 自从我认识贝蒂起，她一直都十分固执，认为自己每件事都是对的。
dispensevt. (fml.)1 (~ with) not use or do sth. that people usu. use or do, because it is not necessary （因无必要而）摒弃；不用（做）You can apply for a license from your local council, which means that you can dispense with theformality. 你可以向当地委员会申请一个许可证，从而就可以省掉正式手续。
2 give sth. to people, esp. in fixed amounts （尤指以固定数额）分发，分配（某物）A soup kitchen was set up by the Red Cross which dispensed food to over a thousand refugees. 红十字会设立了施舍处，为一千多难民分发食物。
courtesyn.1 [C] sth. you do or say to be polite 礼貌的行为（言语）When hiking in the hills, we met a young man, exchanged courtesies, and talked for a while. 当我们在山中徒步游玩的时候，碰见了一个年轻人，我们互致问候，并聊了一会儿。
2 [U] polite behavior and respect for other people 有礼的举止；礼貌I'm upset because you didn't even have the courtesy to inform me that I might not be giving the lecturewhich I've prepared for next week. 我很难过，因为你甚至都没有礼节性地通知我：我为下周准备好的演讲不能做了。
obesea.(fml. or medical) (of people) very fat, in a way that is not healthy 臃肿的；虚胖的；病态肥胖的We often find that teenage girls who are just slightly overweight see themselves as massively obese. 我们常常发现十几岁的小女孩稍微超重就认为自己极其肥胖了。
gorgev.eat or drink so much of sth. that you cannot eat or drink any more 拼命吃喝；塞饱Luke doesn't eat much in the presence of his mother; yet, every time she is away, he gorges himself withpizza, ice cream, candies and other junk food. 妈妈在场的时候，卢克吃得不多，然而每次趁她不在的时候，他都狼吞虎咽，大吃比萨、冰淇淋、糖果和其他垃圾食品。
n.[C] a deep narrow valley with steep sides （山）峡；峡谷We believe that it is the water from the spring that makes the river that snakes along the gorge a fewhundred meters away. 我们相信是泉水形成了几百米外沿峡谷蜿蜒流淌的小河。
humanea.showing kindness toward people and animals by making sure that they do not suffer more than isnecessary 善良的；仁慈的；人道的To have an ideal world, our international community needs to end wars, hunger and disease and aim fora just and humane society. 为了实现理想世界，国际社会需要结束战争，消除饥饿和疾病，建立一个公平人道的社会。
ideologicala.based on strong beliefs or ideas, esp. political or economic ideas 思想上的；思想体系的；意识形态的Despite wide ideological disagreements, they remained friends, mutually respectful and mutuallysupporting. 他们尽管意识形态上存在巨大的分歧，但依然是朋友，相互尊敬，相互支持。
cradlevt.hold sth. gently, as if to protect it 轻拥；轻抱；捧住He cradled the baby in his arms, his hands cupping her tiny skull.他轻轻地抱住婴儿，双手捧着她的小脑袋。
n.[C] a small bed for a baby which can be pushed gently from side to side 摇篮When the new baby was born, her grandparents brought over the beautiful old hand-made cradle, whichthey had saved since their children had outgrown it. 宝宝出生的时候，外公外婆带来了手工制作的漂亮老式摇篮，这摇篮他们在自己的儿女长大不用后就一直保存至今。
insulatevt.1 (~ sb. / sth. from / against) protect sb. or sth. from unpleasant experiences or influences 使免除（不愉快的经历）；使免受（不良影响）；隔离All around the world, extremely wealthy people live a rather protected lifestyle and are insulated from thesuffering lives of the poor all around them. 纵观世界，巨富之人的生活都是被重重保护起来的，不受周围贫苦民众苦难生活的影响。
2 protect sth. with a material that prevents heat, sound, electricity, etc. from passing through 使隔热；使隔音；使绝缘The roof is adequately insulated against extremely hot or extremely cold weather. 屋顶对极热和极冷的天气隔绝效果很好。
presumptionn.1 [C, U] (law) the act of supposing that sth. is true, although it has not yet been proved or is not certain推定；假定；假设I cannot make a statement about John's complaints against his neighbors based on presumptions sinceI don't really know anything about his case. 我不能仅凭推测就对约翰投诉邻居发表意见，因为我确实对这个案子一无所知。
2 [C] sth. that is thought to be true or probable 可能的事；认为真实的事There is a general presumption that fatty foods are bad for your heart. 人们普遍认为含脂肪多的食物对心脏不好。
milestonen. [C]1 a very important stage or event in the development of sth. 重要事件；转折点；里程碑Rituals mark a person's milestones in life and at work, and they bring members of the family together tocelebrate those moments. 各种仪式标志着一个人生活和工作中的重要事件，能够将家庭成员聚在一起庆祝这些重要时刻。