7 Diglossia refers to a linguistic situation in which two standard languages are used either by an individual or by a group of speakers. 答案：F
考点：语言与社会
考点：语音学
解析：音位学中对辅音[V]的发音特点的描述 [V]：浊音、唇齿音、擦音
（ ）3. The phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form is called＿＿. A. Polysemy B. Hyponymy C. Antonymy D. Homonymy
• Euphemism • 考点：语言与社会 • 解析：Taboo is a term that is avoided for religious, political, or social reasons and is usually replaced by a euphemism. Euphemism refers to the use of a word which is thought to be less offensive than other word.
答案：T
考点：语言
2. The smallest meaningful unit of language is allomorph.
答案：F
考点：形态学
解析：Morpheme, the small unit of meaning in a language. The words “so” “the” “boy” consist of one morpheme .
5. According to the strong version of the Sapir-
whorf hypothesis, speakers’ perceptions determine language and patterns their way of life. 答案：F 考点：语言与文化
1. M. A. Halliday 2. Krashen 3. Sapir-Whorf 4. John Austin 5. Ogden and Richards 6. Saussure 7. N. Chomsky 8. G. H. Grice
A. Langue & Parol B. Speech Act Theory C. Linguistic determination D. Cooperative Principle E. The Semantic triangle F. Competence & Performance G. i+1 principle H. Ideational function of language
解析：The true statement is “According to the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, language determines speakers’ perceptions and patterns their way of life”. 人们习惯使用的语言结构会影响其思维方式行为方式。
判断题分析
• 优点：能够准确考察学生对于知识点细节 掌握。
• 缺点：出题的范围太窄且重复考察同一知 识点，不能全面考察学生对知识点掌握的 情况。
Completion
• Phonology • 考点：语言学的分支 • 解析：Phonology studies the rules governing the structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables.
考点: 语义学 解析: 语义学中词汇间的主要意义关系： Synonymy (同义现象) Polysemy (多义现象) Homonymy(同音异义) Hyponymy(下义关系) Antonymy (反义现象)
（ ）4. is defined as a conscious process of accumulating knowledge of a second language usually obtained in school settings. A. Competence B. Performance C. Learning D. Acquisition
1-H 2-G 3-C 4-B 5-E 6-A 7-F 8-D
连线题试题分析
优点：易于考察学生是否能将语言学家与其主要 理论观点对应起来 缺点：部分语言学家的观点无法用一两个简单术 语来代表
III. True or False
1 Linguistics is the scientific study of language specifically language form, language meaning, and language in context.
• Lateralization • 考点：神经语言学Βιβλιοθήκη • Short Answer
• 1.One of the design features of human language is creativity. Can you explain it briefly?
考点：语言 解析：人类语言的区别性特征
（ ）2. Which of the following is the correct description of [V]？ A. Voiceless labiodental fricative B. Voiced labiodental fricative C. Voiceless labiodental stop D. Voiced labiodental stop
Answers:
1. M. A. Halliday 2. Krashen 3. Sapir-Whorf 4. John Austin 5. Ogden and Richards 6. Saussure 7. N. Chomsky 8. G.H. Grice A. Langue & Parol B. Speech Act Theory C. Linguistic determination D. Cooperative Principle E. The Semantic triangle F. Competence & Performance G. i+1 principle H. Ideational function of language
8.London school is also known as systemic linguistics and functional linguistics.
答案：T
考点：语言流派
解析：The London School, as we know, is a main branch of modern linguistics, also known as systemic linguistics and functional linguistics, for the leading representatives.
• Affective meaning • 考点：Leech 提出的意义的类型 • 解析：Affective meaning refers to what is communicated of the feelings and attitudes of the speaker.
• Coordination sentence • 考点：语法结构及其组成成分 • 解析：Coordination is a common syntactic pattern in English and other languages formed by grouping together two or more categories of the same type with the help of a conjunction such as and, as, but.
解析：Bilingualism Diglossia: refers to a situation in which two dialects or languages are used by a single language community. It is used in certain situations such as literature, formal education, or other specific settings, but not used for ordinary conversation.
6.A pidgin is not a native language of a particular region.
答案：T
考点：语言与社会
解析：It is a grammatically simplified means of communication that develops between two or more groups that do not have a language in common. It is most commonly employed in situations such as trade.
I. Multiple Choice
（ ）1. Which of the following is not a design feature of human language? A. Meaningfulness B. Displacement C. Duality D. Arbitrariness
II. Matching.