背单词常用字根前缀+词根+后缀词根(词根可以单独构成词,也可以彼此组合成词)1 ag=do,act 做,动agent 代理人2 ann, enn=year 年annual 每年的,年度的3 audi, audit=hear 听audible 听得见的4 bell=war 战rebellion 反叛,反抗5 brev=short 短abbreviate 缩短,节略6 cas=down 落下occasion 发生;时机7 cand=bright 白,光candle 蜡烛8 ced,ceed=go 行走precedent 先行的,在前9 cept=take 拿,取exception 例外,除外10 cert, cern=clear 搞清,区别certify 证明;保证奇速英语乐中学11 celer=fast 快,速celerity 迅速,敏捷12 cid, cis=cut, kill 切,杀suicide 自杀13 circ=ring 环,,圆circle 圆,圈,环状物14 claim, clam=cry, shout 喊叫exclaim呼喊,惊叫15 clar=clear 清楚的,明白的clarify 澄清;使16 clud, clus=close, shut 关闭exclude排斥,拒绝,接纳17 cogn=know 知道cognition 认知18 ord=heart 心cordial 衷心的,诚心的19 corpor, cor=body 体corporation 团体,社团20 cred= trust 相信,信任credibility 可信,可靠21 cret, creet=depart 区别discrete 分立的22 cruc=cross 十字crucify 把……钉在十字桇上;折磨23 cur=care 关心,挂念,注意security 安全24 cru, curs, cour, cours=run 跑cruise 巡航舰25 dict,dic=say 言,说dictator 独裁者,口授者26 dit=give 给edit 编辑27don = give 给donor 赠与者28 du = two 二dual 双的29 duc,duct=lead 引导conduct 引导,指导,经营30 equ = equal 等,均,平equal 相等的,平等的31 fact, fac=do, make 做,作factory 工厂32 fer=bring, carry 带,拿different 不同的,相异的33 flor, olour=flower 花florid 如花的,华丽的34 flu=flow 流fluency 流利,流畅35 fus=pour 灌,流,倾泻refuse 拒绝,拒受36 grad=step, go, grade 步,走,级gradual 逐步的37 gram=write 写telegram 电报graph=write, writing 写,画photograph 照相,拍照38 gress=go, walk 行走progress 进步39 habit= dwell 居住cohabit 同居40 hibit=hold 拿,持exhibit 展出,展览41 hospit, hosp=guest 客人hospitable 好客的42 it=go 行走exit 出口,退出43 leg=lect 说legend 传说44 ject=throw 投掷projection 投掷,发射45 lect, leg, lig=choose,gather 选,收elect 选举46 lev=raise 举、升elevate 抬起,使升高47 liber=libert y 自由liberation 解放48 liter=letter 文字,字母literate 识字的,有文化的49 loc=place 地方local 当地的50 log=speak 言,说dialogue 对话51 man= dwell 居住mansion 宅邸,大厦52 man,main=sta y 停留remain 留下,逗留53 manu, man=hand 手manuscript 手稿54 mar=sea 海marine 海上的,航海的5 medi=middle 中间mediate 居中调解,调停56 memor=memory,mindful 记忆,记住的memory 记忆,记忆力57 merg,mers= sink 沉emerge 浮现,出现58 migr= move 迁移migrate 迁移,移居60 mini=small,less 小minimum 最小数61 mir=wonder 惊奇,惊异admire 赞赏,钦佩62 mit= send 送transmit 传送63 mot,mob=move 移动motion 运动,动64 mort=death 死mortal 终有一死的65 nov=new 新novel 新的,新奇的66 numer=number 数numeral 数字,l 6767 oper=work 工作operation 手术,工作,操作68 ori=rise 升起orient 东方,东方的69 paci=peace 和平pacify 使和平,抚慰70 pel=push,drive 推,逐驱propel 推动71 pend, pens=hang 悬挂pendent 悬空的,悬而未决的72 pet=seek 追求compete 竞争,比赛73 phon=sound 声音phone 电话74 pict = paint 画,描绘picture 绘画,图片75 plic = fold 折,重叠explicate 解释,说明76 pon=put 放置postpone 推后,推迟77 port=carry 拿,带,运import 输入,进口78 pose=put 放置position 位置态度79 preci=price 价值precious 宝贵的珍贵的80 rect=right, straight 正,直correct 改正,纠正81 rupt=break 破rupture 破裂,使裂开82scend = climb 爬,攀行transcend 超出,超越83 sci=know 知science 科学84 sec,sequ=follow 跟随sequence 继续,连续85 sent, sens=feel 感觉sentiment感情,思想感情86 sid = sit 坐preside 主持,指挥87 sist,ist = stand 立assist 帮助,援助88 spect=look 看spectate 出席,观看89 spir=breathe 呼吸inspire 鼓舞,吸入90 tain, ten=hold 握,持,守contain 容纳,包含,内装91 tect=cover 掩盖detect 侦查,发觉92 tempor=time 时temporary 暂时的,临时93 tend, tens=draw 拉tension拉紧,引力94 tent, tract=draw 拉,抽,引tractor 拖拉机95 un, uni = one 一unify 统一,使成一体96 vac, vacu=empty 空vacancy 空白,空虚97 vad, vas=walk,go 行走invasion 入侵,侵略98 ven=come 来convene 召集(会议),集会99 vert, vers=turn 转subvert 推翻,颠覆100 vis, vid=see 看visible 可见的,看得见的前缀(前缀改变单词词义)一.表示否定的前缀1.dis-加在名词、形容词,动词之前。
disadvantage(缺点)dishonorable(不光彩的)disagree(不同意)2.in-加在形容词,名词之前incorrect(不正确的),inability(无能,无力),inaccurate(不准确的)3.im-加在字母m,b,p 之前impossible(不顺能的),impolite(不礼貌的),impudence(厚颜无耻)4.il-加在以1开头的词前illegal(非法的),illiterate(文盲的,无文化的)illogical(不合逻辑的)5.ir-加在以r 开头的词前irregular(不稳定的),irresistable(不可抵抗的),irresolvable(不能解决的)6.un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前unfinished(未完成的)undoubted(无疑的)unemployment(失业)7.non-加在形容词,名词前non-existence(不存在),non-essential(不主要的)8.mis-加在动词、名词之前misunderstand(误解),misjudge(误判),misleading(误导)9.dis-加地动词之前disappear(消失),disarm(解除武装),disconnect(失去联系)10.de-加在名词,形容词之前demobilize(遣散;使…复员)decolor(脱色,漂白)11.anti-加在名词、形容词之前anti-Japanese(抗日战争),anti-social (厌恶社会的,反社会的)12.counter-加在名词、动词前counterattack(反攻,反击),counteract(抵抗,阻碍)二.表示“前before ”的前缀1.pre-preconception(成见),pre-exsiting(先于……而存在的),preface(前言)2.Ante- anteroom (前室,接待室),antecessor(先行者,先驱者)3.Fore-forehaed (前额),foreground(前景),foresee(预见,先见)4.Pro-programme(计划),prologue(序幕)5.Ex-ex-president(前任总统)ex-wife(前妻)三.表示“后-post”的前缀1.post-post-war (战后),post-plsition(后置词),postmeridian (下午)四.表示“低”、“下”的前缀1.Hypo-Hypocrisy(伪善,虚伪),hypothesis(假设),pypocholoride (次氯酸盐)2.Infra-Infra-red(红外线),infrahuman(低于人类的),infrasonic (亚声的,次声的)3.Sub-sub-way (地铁),submarine(海下的),subtitle (副标题)五.表示“回”、“再次”、“向后”的前缀1.Re-Refuel(给…加油),reinforce(加强),reconstruct(重建),return(返回)2.Retro-Retrograde (倒退的),retrospect(回顾)六.表示“共同”、“和”的前缀1.Co-co-exist(共存),co-operate(合作),co-education(男女同校)七.表示“相互”、“之间”的前缀Inter-Interchangeble(可互换的),international(国际的),inter-national(交往)八.表示“出”、“超出”的前缀1.Ec-Eclipse(蚀),ecstasy(狂想)2.Extra-Extraordinary(非凡的),extramural(校外的),extrasensory (超感觉的)九.表示“超过”的前缀1.hyper-,preter-,super-,sur-,ultrahyper-sensitive(过敏的),preterhuman(超人的)十.其它的前缀1.auto-自automatic(自动的),auto-autobilgraphy(自传)2.mal-坏,恶Malnutrition(营养不良),maltreat (虐待)3.Micro-Microscope (显微镜),microtome(切片机)4.Tele-远Telegram(电报),telephone(电话),telescope(望远镜)5.Demi-,semi-hemi-Semi-circle (半圆),hemisphere (半球),demilune (半月,新月)6.Uni-,mono-(单一,单独)Monotone(单调),monologue(独白),uniform(制服)7.Bi-,di-二Biyearly(二年一次的),biweekly(二周一次的),dichloride (二氯化物)8.Tri-三Triangle(三角),tripld(三角架)9.Multi- 多multi-colored(颜色多样的),multi-national(多国的)10.Poly–多Polygon(多角形),polytomic(多原子的)11.Arch-首领archbishop(大主教),architect(建筑师)12.bene-善,好benefit(利益),benevolence (善意)13.homo-同homosexual(同性恋的),homograph(同形异义字)14.neo 新neo-colonialism(新殖民主义),neolithic(新石器时代的)15.ortho-正确,直orthogonal(直角的),orthodox(正统)16.philo-挚爱philosopher(哲学家)17.proto-原始protohydrogen(初氢),prototype(原型),protoplasm (原生质)18.pseudo-假的,伪的,冒充的pseudonym(匿名),pseudo-communism (假共产主义19.a-,ab-,abs-(只有在t,c 之前)从,自avoid(避免),absent(缺少的),abstain(抑制),abstract(吸引)20.Apo-,aph-来自apology(道歉,谢罪),apostle(倡言者,先驱)21.se-分离separation(分开),secure(安全的),sedition(煽动叛乱)22.para-防parachute(降落伞),23.omni-所有的,公共的omnibus(公共汽车),omnipotence (万能)24.pan-全,泛Pan-American(全美的),panorama(风景的全貌;万花筒)25.panto-全pantisocracy(乌托邦大同世界),pantoscopic(视野广大)27.Per-通过,彻底,不利perambrlate(走来走去),perfect 极好的28.trans-通过,横过transcript(抄本,副本;记录),translation (翻译),transport (运输)29.Com-,con-,cor-,col-共同,和,完全comment(评论),correlation(关系),collect(收集),corruption (贪污)30.syn-共同synonym(同义词),synchronization(同步),synthetic (人工的,合成的)31.meta-和,在……之后metaphor(比喻),metaphysics(形而上学)32.Cis-在这一边cisatlantic (大西洋这边的)33.pen-几乎,相近peninsular(.住在半岛上的居民,半岛(状)的,形成半岛的)34.en-,em-往……里,使……enable(使…能),endear (使…受喜爱),embrace(拥抱,抓住(机会))35.intro 内在intracardiac(心脏内部的),intramolecular(分子内部的)36.intro-到……中introduce(介绍),introspect(反省,内省)37.dys-坏dyspepsia(消化不良),dysentry(痢疾)38.Eu-优,美好eulogy(颂词),euphony(悦耳的声音)39.ambi-,amphi-两者amphibian(两栖的),ambidextrous(两只手都很灵巧的)40penta-五pentagon(五角大楼),pentagram(五角星)pentameter (五步诗句)41.sex-六sexangle(六角),sexennial(六年一度的)42.sept-七September 九月(古罗马的七月),septennial(七年一度)43.hepta-七heptab(七个成套之物),heptagon(七角形)44.octa-,octo,oct 八octagon(八角形),octuple(八倍)October(十月)45.nona-,ennea- 九nonagon(九角形),ennead(九个一组)46.deci-,deca- 十decimal(十进位的),decagramme(十克)47.centi- 百centimeter(厘米),centipede(蜈蚣)48.Milli 千millenias(千年的),millimeter(毫米)49.Kilo- 千kilowatt (千瓦),kilometer(千米)后缀 (后缀决定单词词性)一、名词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation oractivity)例词:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor2.-let 意为:小或者不重要的东西(small,unimportant things)例词:booklet,leaflet,starlet3.-ette 意为:1)小的东西(small)例词:cigarette2)假的东西(imitation)例词:leatherette3)女性(female)例词:usherette4.-ess 意为:女性(female)例词:actress,poetess,hostess5.-hood 意为:时期(status;etc.)例词:boyhood,childhood,manhood6.-ship 意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例词:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship7.-ful 意为:量(the amountwhich noun contains)例词:cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful8.-tion,-ion 意为:1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:action,oppression,possession,education,starva-tion2)机构等(institution;etc.)例词:organization,foundation9.-ment 意为:状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:movement,enslavement,pavement10.-al 意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal11.-age 意为:程度,数量等(extent;amount;etc.)例词:wastage,coverage,acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage12.-ness;-ity(ty)意为:状态,品质(state;quality;etc.)例词:happiness,usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability13.-ism 意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrineof,practice of)例词:idealism,impressionism,absenteeism,racism二、动词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ify 意为:转为,变为(to turninto,to make or become)例词:beautify,diversify,simplify2.-ize ;-en 意为:使……,变得……(to make or become;to make into)例词:modernize ,popularize ,legalize ,hospitalize ,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten 3.-ate 意为:增加,使……(giveor add,make or become)例词:originate,hydrogenate,validate,differentiate三、形容词后缀:常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ful 意为:充满,有(full of;having;giving;etc.)例词:useful,pitiful,hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful,fearful2.-less 意为:没有,无(without;not giving)例词:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless3.-ly 意为:有……品质的(havingthe qualities of)例词:beastly,manly,brotherly,friendly4.-like 意为:像……的(like)例词:childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like 5.-y;-ish 意为:像……一般的(somewhat like)例词:meaty,sandy,silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish6.-some 意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(like;causing;havingthe quality of)例词:troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tiresome,bothersome7.-a ble(ible)意为:能……的;可以……的(able to be;capable)例词:changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible8.-ed 意为:有……的(having,etc.)例词:wooded,pointed,moneyed,odd-shaped9.-al 意为:有……属性的,……类型的(natureof,typical of)例词:cultural,personal,regional,musical10.-ary(ory)意为:属于……的,与……相连的(belonging to;connected with)例词:revolutionary,imaginary,contradictory11.-ous 意为:富含……的;有……品质的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like)例词:glorious,erroneous,malicious,gracious12.-ic(ical)意为:……类的;属于……的(typical of;belonging to)例词:historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dramatic,heroic13.-ive 意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的(having the nature or quality of;given ortending to)例词:attractive,talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive四、副词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ly 意为:以……方式(ina...manner;etc.)例词:happily,boldly,attentive-ly,strangely2.-w ard(s)意为:表示方式或动作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例词:onward(s),backward (s),earthward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)3.-wise 意为:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例词:crabwise,clockwise2)就……而言(as far as...isconcerned)例词:weather-wise,education-wise词性注解n.名词 v.动词pron.代词adj.形容词adv.副词num.数词art.冠词 prep.介词conj.连词interj.感叹词21/ 21。