高二下学期英语期末考试试卷一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）1. 阅读理解It’s time for fun outside! Take yourbathing suit and sunscreen and head to these sunny spots that offer the best getawaysfor every interest!SanJuan, Puerto RicoHead to the hot city nightlife of San Juan.Top chefs, stylish hotels, bars, clubs and shops are all just steps away fromthe tropical beaches. And since Puerto Rico is a United States Commonwealth,it’s one of the easiest islands in the Caribbean to visit since you won’t needa passport, have to chan ge money, or even worry about your cellphone working.Puerto Rico is also one of the best tropical vacations you can take withoutleaving the United States.RivieraMaya, MexicoWhat’s better than diving into the saltysea? Going into the clear and salt-free waters of the naturally occurringlimestone cenotes of the Riviera Maya and YucatanPeninsula. Spend a sunny day exploring these natural cave pools filled withcool water that springs from the ground below and the thick palm forests thatsurround them. Then head back to the perfectly located Fairmont Mayakoba forcomfortable rooms and modem Mexican cuisine.NewOrleans, LouisianaNew Orleans’ lively nightlife andlive-music scenes make ‘‘the BigEasy’’ a great girls’ getaway. And even ifyour crew isn’t one to seek out the boozy Bourbon Street crawl, there’s plenty of amazing food in theFrench Quarter，plenty of shopping and strolling in the Garden District.Clearwater,FloridaIf you want to meet a real movie star whilealso enjoying the sunbath, head to the Gulf shores of Clearwater, Florida. Hereyou can meet the stars of Dolphin Tale andDolphin Tale 2, Winter and Hope, who are in residence full-time at the ClearwaterMarine Aquarium.（1）What makes Puerto Rico an easy tourist spot to visit?A . It lies in the Car ibbean.B . No passport is needed.C . It’s near the tropical beaches.D . Many travel services are offered.（2）What can you do if you travel to Riviera Maya?A . Taste various foodsB . Meet some famous stars.C . Dive into the salty waters.D . Explore natural cave pools.（3）Which place will you choose if you are a film fan?A . Clearwater, Florida.B . Riviera Maya, Mexico.C . San Juan, Puerto Rico.D . New Orleans, Louisiana.2. 阅读理解Harper Lee was an Americannovelist widely known for To Kill aMockingbird, published in 1960,which won the 1961 Pulitzer Prize and has become a classic of modern Americanliterature. The 1962 film adaptation starring Gregory Peck won three AcademyAwards.For decades, the book wasLee’s only major work of published fiction,but it was hugely influential forgenerations of US readers. It has sold more than 10 million copies, and is oneof the most widely taught novels in the US schools. In 2007 she was awarded thePresidential Medal of Freedom for her contributions to literature.Lee wanted to live a simplelife and was never comfortable with the attention the novel won her, and shepractically disappeared from public life after it appeared. The world, however,continued waiting for a new novel from her, and on occasion she suggested thatshe had a story in progress.In 2015, a book did comeout. Go Set a Watchman was more of afirst draft, featuring Scout, the young girl who was the main character of To Kill a Mockingbird. Go Set a Watchmantells a story of Scout as an adult. Accusations arose that the 89-year-old Leewas not able to agree to the manuscript’s release，and that various partieshad signed on her behalf.Though Lee moved to NewYork in 1949, she spent many years guarding her privacy in Monroeville, which served as the clear inspiration for thesetting in To Kill a Mockingbird.In 2007, Lee suffered astroke , but recovered and latersettled in Monroeville permanently to care for her sister, Alice, who died in2014. She was said to eat breakfast every morning at the same fast-food spot,and was friendly with her neighbors. The countless Americans knew her onlythrough her works，and they will undoubtedlymiss her.（1）What can be learned about Harper Lee from the first two paragraphs?A . She was regarded the greatest writer in America.B . She made greatcontributions to American literature.C . She once starred in a film adapted from her own novel.D . She got her novels well accepted in most American schools.（2）Why did Harper Lee disappear from public life after her first novel came out?A . She tried to get out of accusations.B . She wanted to write another novel.C . She intended to avoid being bothered.D . She wasn’t comfortable with her novel’s influence.（3）What can we learn about Harper Lee’s Go Set a Watchman?A . It tells her own life story.B . It is adapted into a famous film.C . It won her lots of honors and awards.D . It continues the story of her earlier one.（4）What can be inferred about Harper Lee from the last paragraph?A . She died of a stroke in 2014.B . She will be remembered forever.C . She cared much for her neighbors.D . She led a lonely life in her later life.3. 阅读理解Scientists have created theworld’s first living, self-healing robots using stem cells from frogs. Named xenobots after the African clawed frog fromwhich they take their stem cells, the ‘‘machines’’ are less than a millimeterwide — small enough to travel inside human bodies. They can walk and swim,survive for weeks without food, and work together in groups. “These are entirely new life forms,” said the University ofVermont, which conduct ed the research with Tufts University’s Allen DiscoveryCenter.The researchers removedliving stem cells from frog embryos , and left them to hatch.Then, the cells were cut and reshaped into specific ‘‘bodyforms” designed by asupercomputer —forms ‘‘never seen in nature”, according to a news release from the Universityof Vermont.Xenobots even have regenerative abilities. When thescientists sliced into one robot, it healed by itself and kept moving. They don’tlook like traditional robots - they have no shiny clothing or robotic arms.Instead, they look more like a tiny drop of moving pink flesh. The researcherssay this is deliberate —this ‘‘biological machine’’ can achieve things typicalrobots of steel and plastic cannot. ‘‘Traditional robots degrade over time andcan produce harmful ecological and health side effects,” researchers said in thestudy. “As biological machines,xenobots are more environmentally friendly and safer for human health.’’According to theresearchers, these robots could be used to clean up radioactive waste, collectmicroplastics in the oceans, or even carry medicine inside human bodies. Asidefrom these immediate practical tasks, they could also help researchers to learnmore about cell biology - opening the doors to future advancement in humanhealth and longevity. This sounds like something from a sci-fi movie. Somepeople even voiced their concern that humans might be taken control of by thosexenobots. However, the researchers in the study say there is no need for alarm.They can’t reprodu ce or evolve .（1）What is this passage mainly about?A . The advantages of a medical robot.B . The application of robots in biology.C . The general introduction of a living robot.D . The medical value of African clawed frogs.（2）The underlined word ‘‘regenerative’’ in Pa ragraph 3 probably means “________”.A . living longerB . growing againC . replacing old cellsD . defending against attacks（3）What can we know about xenobots?A . They can do everything that traditional robots can.B . They can break up steel and plastic while degrading.C . They are able to cure people of all kinds of diseases.D . They are harmless to the environment and human health.（4）What is the researchers’ attitude to the development of xenobots?A . Doubtful.B . Positive.C . Cautious.D . Casual.4. 阅读理解The remains of an ancientape found in Bavaria suggest that humans’ancestors began standing upright millions of years earlier than previouslythoughtAn international team of researchers said the fossilized skeleton of a male ape that lived in the warm and damp forests of what is now southern Germany was quite similar to modem human bones. In a paper published by the journal Nature, they concluded that the previously unknown species —named Danuvius guggenmosi — could walk on two legs but also climb like an ape.‘‘The findings raise fundamental questions about our previous understanding of the evolution of the great apes and humans, ‘‘ said Madelaine Boehme, who led the research.The question of when apes could walk on two legs has fascinated scientists since Charles Darwin first argued that they were the ancestors of humans. Previous fossil records of apes with an upright move — found in Crete and Kenya — dated only as far back as 6 million years. These apes are called Toumai.Boehme, along with researchers from Bulgaria, Canada and the United States, examined more than 15,000 bones recovered from the archaeological remains found. Among the remains they were able to piece together were primate fossils belonging to 4 individuals that lived 11.62 million years ago. The most complete, an adult male, likely stood about 1 meter tall, weighed 31 kilograms and looked similar to modern-day bonobos, a species of chimp.Like humans, Danuvius had an S-shaped backbone to hold its body upright while standing. Unlike humans, though, it had a powerful big toe that would have allowed it to grab branches with its foot easily.Fred Spoor, a biologist at the Natural History Museum in London, called the fossil finds ‘‘fantastic’’, but said they would likely be denied or suspected by others, especially because they could challenge many existing ideas about evolution.（1）Where did the scientists find the fossilized ape skeleton?A . Germany.B . Canada.C . Bulgaria.D . Kenya.（2）What can we infer about Danuvius guggenmosi?A . It was a species of chimp.B . It lived in Crete and Kenya.C . It could walk with a backbone.D . It existed much earlier than Toumai.（3）How does Spoor feel about the finding?A . It is the most fantastic one.B . It is a support to evolution.C . It may cause lots of debate.D . It denies the previous ideas.（4）What might be the best title for this text?A . Legend of Humans’ AncestorsB . The Secrets Uncovered from FossilsC . The Oldest Example of Upright Ape FoundD . Recent Findings against the Theory of Evolution二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）5. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。