带你了解美国ECE, EECS, EE, CS的专业设置情况（世毕盟留学）ECE: Electrical and Computer Engineering 电子与计算机工程EE: Electrical Engineering 电子工程CS: Computer Science 计算机科学EECS: Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,其实是把EE和CS放在了一起，但是一般提供EE和CS两个不同的项目有些少数学校比如MIT是把EE和CS结合在一起说的，所以他们提供的学位是Master of Engineering in ECE, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 和Doctor of Science. 但ECE偏硬件，所以大部分学校一般和EE放在一起说，CS偏软件，一般单独开设department of computer science 或者单独授予Master of science in computer science. 比如Princeton, Harvard, Yale, Chicago, Columbia, Stanford等等都是把EE 和CS分开来说的。
下面我们来看一下CS, EE, ECE和EECS主要的研究方向CS-我们以专排第一的CMU为例来看一下CMU是把CS单独放在了一个department 下（department of computer science）;把ECE也单独放在了一个department 下（department of electrical and computer engineering). 分别提供MS和PhD两个学位。
CS主要的研究领域如下：Artificial Intelligence（人工智能）；Computer Security（计算机安全）；Graphics （图像）；Programming Languages（程序设计语言）；Systems（系统）；Theory （理论）ECE主要的研究领域如下：在应用领域方面：Energy（能源）；Healthcare & quality of life（医疗健康和生活质量）；Mobile systems（移动系统）；Smart infrastructure（智能设施）在系统和技术方面：Beyond CMOS,Compute/storage systems, Cyber-physical systems, Data/network science, secure systems在Theoretical & technological foundations方面：To innovate at the systems level and have impact in the real world, the discipline of electrical and computer engineering sits on strong technological and theoretical foundations.下面我们看一下Stanford 的EEEE主要研究方向如下：（主要研究嵌入式,电路，器件）Physical Technology & ScienceSubareas: Integrated Circuits and Power Electronics; Biomedical Devices, Sensors and Systems; Energy Harvesting and Conversion; Photonics, Nanoscience and Quantum Technology; Nanotechnology, Nanofabrication and NEMS/MEMS; Electronic DevicesInformation Systems & ScienceSubareas: Control & Optimization; Information Theory & Applications; Communications Systems; Societal Networks; Signal Processing & Multimedia; Biomedical Imaging; Data ScienceHardware/Software SystemsSubareas: Energy-efficient Hardware Systems; Software Defined Networking; Mobile Networking; Secure Distributed Systems; Data Science; Embedded Systems; Integrated Circuits & Power Electronics还有一些交叉的研究：Biomedical：Subareas: Biomedical Devices, Sensors and Systems; Photonics,Nanoscience and Quantum Technology; Nanotechnology & NEMS/MEMS; Biomedical Imaging; Information Theory & ApplicationsEnergy：Subareas: Control & Optimization; Energy-Efficient Hardware Systems; Integrated Circuits & Power Electronics; Energy Harvesting & Conversion下面来看一下Berkeley的EECSBerkeley 的department of EECS提供MS，PhD (in EE和CS), 申请EE的申请者需要申请EECS，申请CS的申请者需要申请CS.EECS的research areas 如下：Artificial Intelligence (AI) 人工智能Computer Architecture & Engineering (ARC) 计算机建筑与工程Biosystems& Computational Biology (BIO) 生物系统与计算机生物学Control, Intelligent Systems, and Robotics (CIR) 控制，智能系统和机器人Communications & Networking (COMNET) 通讯与网络Database Management Systems (DBMS) 数据库管理系统Design, Modeling and Analysis (DMA) 设计，模型和分析Education (EDUC) 教育Energy (ENE) 能源Graphics (GR)图形Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) 人机交互Integrated Circuits (INC) 集成电路Micro/Nano Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)微纳米机电系统Operating Systems & Networking (OSNT) 操作系统与网络工程Physical Electronics (PHY) 物理电子Programming Systems (PS) 编程系统Scientific Computing (SCI) 科学计算Security (SEC) 安全Signal Processing (SP)信号处理Theory (THY) 理论其中属于CS 的研究方向如下Artificial Intelligence (AI)Database Management Systems (DBMS)Education (EDUC)Graphics (GR)Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)Operating Systems & Networking (OSNT)Programming Systems (PS)Scientific Computing (SCI)Security (SEC)Theory (THY)属于EE：Communications & Networking (COMNET)Control, Intelligent Systems, and Robotics (CIR)Integrated Circuits (INC)Micro/Nano Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)Physical Electronics (PHY)Signal Processing (SP)交叉领域：Biosystems& Computational Biology (BIO)Computer Architecture & Engineering (ARC)Design, Modeling and Analysis (DMA)Energy (ENE)关于申请难度问题：好学校申请难度CS大于ECE，EE中低档学校（40/50左右开始往后），EE的申请难度大于CS, 因为CS的学校多，EE的学校少。
申请名校top30，两个专业的申请难度相当，排名越往上走，CS的难度越大，另外EE转专业申情CS的较多，因为CS的就业明显更好—国内EE专业的，大多都能读CS，但是也有少数课程设置很专的专业；CS转专业申请EE的很少，尤其是自费硕士生，很少听到有谁从CS转到EE，感觉很多CS的，也读不了EE，背景相差太大，而且学CS的实在没有理由去费劲折腾转专业。