高中完形填空常考词汇辨析一动词类1.看look看的动作/see看的结果watch观察/observe为了研究而进行的观察notice注意/catch sight of看见stare好奇地看/glare瞪着看glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见see a film看电影/watch TV看电视2.说tell sth.to sb.=tell sb.sth.强调告诉的内容talk with sb.about sth.强调说话者之间的交流whisper sth.to sb.尤指耳语inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事reason/talk/persuade sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事say sth.跟诉说的内容speak in English表示说的语言bargain讨价还价chat聊天repeat重复explain解释warn警告remind提醒discuss讨论debate辩论figure指出declare宣布claim自称mention提起admit承认deny否决describe描述announce公布introduce介绍complain抱怨3.叫cry哭叫call叫shout大喊scream尖叫moan呻吟sigh叹气quarrel大吵4.问ask询问interview采访express表达question审问5.答answer回答respond回应reply回复6.听listen to听的动作hear听的结果pick up收听overhear无意听到7.写dictate听写write sth.写describe描写drop a line写信take down/write down写下，记下draw画8.拿/放take拿走bring拿来hold举着put放lay铺/放置pull拉/push推fetch拿来拿去lift举carry无方向性的扛、挑9.抓seize紧抓grasp握住scratch擦，刮take hold of抓着10.打hit一次性的打击blow吹刮attack攻击beat不间断的打击strike突然的击打；突然想到11.扔throw扔wave招手shake摇drop掉；放弃；错过fall倒下，无意掉下来12.送send寄送deliver递送give给offer主动给予see off给某人送行13.摸/抱touch摸fold折叠hug抱hold握embrace拥抱14.踢/碰kick踢knock敲tip轻敲15.行walk走climb爬；攀登run跑jump跳skip单腿跳slip溜come/go来/去enter进入move搬迁drive开车ride骑fly飞crawl匍匐前进16.坐sit down坐下be seated坐下，就坐take a seat坐下lean斜靠seat oneself就座；入席17.睡/休息lie on one’s back/on one’s side/on one’s stomach躺下/侧躺/趴stay in bed躺在床上，卧床休息have a rest休息一会儿take a nap打盹be asleep睡着bend弯腰turn over翻身rest休息18.笑smile不出声地微笑laugh笑burst into laughter突然大笑burst out laughing放声大笑19.哭cry哭shed tears流泪weep呜咽地哭sob抽泣burst into tears/burst out crying突然哭起来20.找/查find找到look for正在找过程find out查明discover/explore发现/探索hunt for猎取search for搜索，搜寻seek/seek for寻求，探求in search of寻找search sb.搜身check检查，核实test检测，检验inspect视察search sp.for sth.为某物而搜寻某地examine考察发现问题/体检21.穿put on动作wear穿戴have on试穿be dressed in穿的状态make⁃up化妆get changed换衣服be in red穿着红色衣服take off脱下remove去除22.吃/喝eat/drink吃/喝sip吮吸have a meal吃饭have supper吃晚餐toast干杯；祝酒taste动词尝；品尝treat sb.to请某人吃help oneself to随便吃23.得get以某种方法或手段得到某种东西obtain通过努力工作、奋力或请求而得到所需的东西acquire经过漫长的努力过程而逐渐获得知识和技能gain通过努力或有意识行动而获得某种有益或有利的东西possess占有，拥有24.失lose丢失gone某物不见great loss巨大损失die死亡die off相继死去die away逐渐消失be lost/be missing人错过；失踪，不见25.有have有own是自己的conquer征服occupy=possess占有26.无nothing left空无一物，荡然无存the remaining thing剩下的事情/事物disappear消失be missing/gone失踪，找不到27.增/减rise上升；增加raise举起；抬高bring down降价increase增加go up价格、数量或水平上涨，上升drop降低；下降；减少人主动抬/降价reduce减少、降低，主语是使减少的外力decrease减少、下降，主语是减少的东西28.买/卖buy较倾向于个人买东西purchase较倾向于进货，大批的购买afford买得起；负担得起pay付；支付；偿还pay off偿清/还清债务pay for为……付钱sell卖，出售on sale廉价出售bargain讨价还价bill纸币；钞票cheque（英）支票=check（美）cash现金credit card信用卡notes纸币；钞票coins硬币，金属货币discount减价；折扣29.存在/消失come into being形成，成立exist存在；生存appear出现survive幸存live活着show up到场disappear消失die死亡turn up出其不意地或经长久等待后出现；到来，露面die out逐渐消亡；灭绝；种绝pass away消磨掉；人去世be out of sight看不见，在视野之外30.变化develop发展improve提高become变为，成为grow生长turn+color颜色变化change改变change into使变为reform变革；改革go+bad/wrong/sour/without变坏/误入歧途/变糟/没有31.认识的过程feel感觉；觉得apply to采用guess猜suppose假设wonder想知道doubt怀疑know了解learn学习realize意识到understand理解remember记得be familiar with熟悉recall回忆recite背诵；详述sense感觉到；觉察到；意识到32.成功/失败succeed取得成功make progress取得进步win赢得比赛lose输掉比赛fail to do未能做到某事defeat击败；战胜suffer遭受，经受beat打；猛击come true实现，成真，主语为物realize one’s dream实现梦想，主语为人make it在某一特定的活动中取得成功turn sth.into reality将某事变为现实33.努力try设法或试图做某事manage经过努力和克服困难之后将某事做成make efforts做出努力attempt试图；尝试do one’s best尽某人最大的努力do as much as one can to do尽某人所能34.祝贺congratulations on sb./sth.祝贺某人/某事celebrate庆祝某项活动observe庆祝节日get together聚会35.赞美/批评praise赞扬；称赞think highly of高度评价blame sb.for sth./sb.is to blame因某事责怪某人/某人理应受责备criticize/scold sb.for sth.因某事批评/责骂某人have a low opinion of sb.瞧不起某人speak ill of sb.说某人的坏话36.喜/恶like喜欢love爱be fond of喜爱be keen on喜爱be crazy about对……疯狂adore爱慕；崇拜be into对……深感兴趣prefer更喜欢enjoy享受；喜爱in favor of赞成；支持dislike不喜欢hate恨be awful令人讨厌的，糟糕的ignore忽视disgusting令人作呕/厌恶的turn off丧失兴趣37.判断think认为believe相信consider认为；看待find发觉feel感觉conclude推断infer暗示doubt怀疑38.到达arrive at到达小地方reach到达return to返回到get to到达，强调动作stay in待在某地visit参观leave离开leave for出发去on one’s way to在某人去……的路上upon one’s arrival某人一到达就……on doing sth.一……就……39.受伤cut指无意中造成的轻伤kill杀死drown淹死，溺水而死bleed出血，流血get burnt烧伤suffer a loss遭受损失hurt既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害injure主要指意外事故中损害健康、容貌等，强调功能的损失wound枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤suffer from患某种病，受某种病痛折磨40.损坏damage程度较小的“破坏”、“损坏”，一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏”、“毁坏”，程度较深ruin彻底毁掉break down机器或车辆出毛病，损坏be broken坏了；破了crash碰撞；撞毁41.修复repair修理；修补rebuild重建restore恢复fix修理；维修recover oneself恢复健康，复原42.支持/反对agree同意disagree不同意accept接受receive接收refuse拒绝turn down拒绝be against反对elect选举vote for/against投票赞成/反对43.做饭cook烹调wash洗cut切chop剁boil煮fry煎steam蒸make做mix调制；配制clean清洗brush刷cover遮盖uncover打开盖子cooker炊具44.建议advise/suggest建议recommend推荐urge敦促propose提议demand要求persuade说服45.花费sth./doing sth.+cost某事/做某事花费……sb.+spend+in doing sth.某人花……做某事sb.+afford+sth./to do sth.某人花……买某物/做某事It+take some time/money/energy+to do sth.做某事花费了……时间/钱/精力sb.+pay+some money for sth.at one’s expense某人牺牲代价为某物付了……钱46.省/存钱save节约save up储蓄set aside留出钱备用put away存钱spare no effort不遗余力47.参加take part in表示“参加”，强调参加某项活动并在其中发挥一定的作用join表示“参加，加入”，常指加入某组织并成为其中的一员join in表示“参加活动”，着重指“介入”attend一般指出席会议compete in参加……比赛compete for为夺取……比赛compete against与……抗争48.控告accuse sb.of...以……罪名指控某人charge sb.with sth.因为某事而控告某人49.救治help帮助help out帮助……做事；借钱给……save/rescue sb.from sth.把某人从某事中解救出来treat sb.for sth.治疗某人的某病症，强调过程cure sb.of sth.治愈某人的疾病，强调结果aid sb.in doing sth./to do sth.帮助某人做某事help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事assist sb.in doing sth.协助某人做某事50.敬佩admire钦佩；羡慕respect尊重adore爱慕；崇拜envy/be jealous嫉妒show respect for/to对……表示尊重in honor of为了向……表示敬意51.逃避ran away逃跑escape from逃避；逃出flee逃离；逃避hide隐藏；躲避52.阻止/禁止prevent/keep/stop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事forbid doing sth.禁止做某事ban明令禁止；取缔prohibit禁止，不允许53.对付/处理handle/do with/deal with/tackle sth.处理某事overcome sth.克服某事solve解决settle解决，结束争端、纠纷54.效仿copy模仿；效法imitate模仿；仿效learn from向……学习learn学习54.爆发/发生come about发生take place发生，举行break out爆发burst out突然发生happen to发生在……身上；碰巧go off突然大作explosion感情的迸发，突然发作55.安装/装备fasten系牢，钉牢fix固定；安装set安装，装配equip装备，配备be armed with用……武装be equipped with装备有……56.追求pursue寻求；追求run after因为爱慕而追求seek after寻求，追求chase追捕；追求catch up with赶上keep up with跟上57.想/考虑think of考虑think as把……看成think about想起consider考虑think over仔细考虑be concerned担心be considerate towards sb.对某人体贴的58.打算plan/intend/design to do sth.计划做某事be going to do/be about to do/will do sth.将要做某事59.似乎/好像seem好像，仿佛appear好像，似乎look like看起来与某人或某物相像as if/though好像，似乎，仿佛60.开办/关闭open开放；使营业start开办，创办set up创建，建立close暂停营业close up关店end终止；结束close down停业，停产1.假期vacation假期，休息日holiday假期spring break春假ask for leave请假be on holiday度假have two days off请两天假2.旅游trip指往返定时的短途旅行，如出差度假等journey指在陆地上或海上、空中进行的长途旅行，不知终点，含有辛苦的意思tour指途中作短期逗留的巡回旅行，强调游览多处，常用来指观光等travel多指长期或长途的观光旅行，尤其指到国外，没有明确目的地，也可用作不可数名词，指“旅行”这一行为go camping/picnicking/hiking去野营/野餐/远足voyage旅行，尤指航海旅行tourist游客passenger乘客3.职务人员clerk文书；书记员secretary秘书passer⁃by过路人friend朋友minister部长，大臣manager经理waitress女服务员guest客人host主人hostess女主人assistant助手customer顾客adult成年人neighbor邻居relative亲戚patient病人vet兽医staff全体工作人员nurse护士teacher教师tailor裁缝sailor水手；船员inventor发明家；创造者gardener园丁crew全体船员；全体乘务员guard警卫；护卫队conductor乐队指挥员；售票员4.餐馆/定餐/就餐inn小旅馆，客栈restaurant饭店kitchen厨房menu菜单bill账单order订餐tip小费fork and knife一副刀叉reserve/book table预订桌taste delicious味道鲜美salad色拉dish盘；碟；碗vegetable蔬菜fruit水果tray托盘；浅盘napkin餐巾纸5.诊所/看病/服药clinic诊所hospital医院take medicine/pills吃药doctor医生physician内科医生surgeon外科医生specialist专家patient病人take one’s temperature给某人量体温have a fever/flu/headache发烧/得流感/头疼6.车站/机场airport机场catch a train赶火车meet sb.接某人on board在船/火车/飞机/汽车上miss the train/bus错过火车/公交车7.身体部位arm胳膊head头hair头发brain大脑waist腰back背shoulder肩pulse脉搏wrist手腕8.意志will意志力courage勇气patience耐心faith信念effort努力determination决心energy活力confidence信心ambition雄心壮志9.才能/品质talent天资；天赋gift天才；才能ability能力potential潜力intelligent（adj.）聪明的promising（adj.）有前途的smart（adj.）机灵的stupid（adj.）愚蠢的careful（adj.）细心的proud（adj.）自豪的strict（adj.）严格的honest（adj.）诚实的cold（adj.）冷淡的；无情的serious（adj.）严肃的easy⁃going（adj.）随和的learned（adj.）博学的knowledgeable（adj.）知识渊博的10.优缺点advantage优势disadvantage劣势strength优点，长处weakness弱点，缺点11.目标aim目的，目标goal目标，目的intention意图，目的purpose目的belief信念；坚定的看法faith相信；信任12.方式manner做法；方式approach方法；途径means手段method方法way方式13.身体素质strong（adj.）强壮的weak（adj.）虚弱的pale（adj.）苍白无力的sick/ill（adj.）生病的be well身体状况好cut weight减肥keep slim/fit身材苗条put on weight增加体重14.图表photo照片picture图片graph图表drawing素描画；图画table表，表格line/bar graph条形图pie chart饼状图draw a sketch画草图15.文章reading读物translation译文essay散文poem诗歌paper论文novel/fiction小说article文章magazine杂志newspaper报纸journal日志diary日记files文件form表格make a list of列出……的清单16.课堂class班级course课程lecture讲座example示例reason原因message信息notes笔记word词汇phrase短语degree学位question问题scholarship奖学金trouble麻烦difficulty困难subject学科，科目grade等级read阅读comment评论mark分数17.学校活动match比赛game游戏activity活动hold a meeting/debate/speech/ceremony举行会议/辩论赛/演讲/仪式18.建议/观点advice建议suggestion建议idea观点proposal提议view观点recommendation建议，提议19.气候/天气climate气候weather天气storm暴风雨wind风cloud云rain雨snow雪hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth热/冷/严寒/高温/温和20.交通by train/bus/boat bike坐火车/公交车/轮船/骑自行车on the train/bus/a bike在火车/公交车/自行车上drive a car开车ride a bike骑自行车give sb.a lift/ride让某人搭车21.习惯habit习惯custom习俗get used to习惯于regular（adj.）有规律的practice惯例22.感觉sight视觉hearing听觉touch触觉smell嗅觉sense感官23.情感feeling感情emotion情绪anger生气delight高兴sadness悲伤，忧愁sorrow悲痛；悔恨24.财富money钱possession［常pl.］财产wealth财富belongings随身财物fortune大笔的钱，巨款treasure金银财宝diamond钻石be rich/well⁃off富裕的25.运动比赛pitch球场event赛事game游戏match比赛coach教练sports player运动员judge裁判jogging慢跑weightlifting举重on the playground在操场上on the track and field在田径场上play volleyball/soccer打排球/踢足球26.衣服clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of,an article of 修饰27.事件incident指小事件accident指不幸的事故形容词、副词类1.人的各种感受乐happy,delighted,to one’s joy,pleased,amused悲sad,unhappy,painful,bitter平静calm,quiet,silent,still,peaceful烦bother（v.&n.）,bored,be fed up with震惊surprised,astonished,shocked,amazed怕in fear,be frightened/scared/afraid失望desperate,disappointed,hopeless,be depressed满意be satisfied,with be content to do生气annoyed,angry,disgusting,burst into rage2.表程度的副词类narrowly/nearly/almost几乎hardly几乎不extremely/very及其；非常very/quite非常；相当once一旦by far到目前为止farther/further更进一步better/worse更好/糟的far到……度，到……阶段be well/good好however/therefore/so/thus然而/因此accidently/once in a while/occasionally偶尔；偶然1.增补in addition另外further more此外moreover此外finally最后again同样also也besides此外2.比较in the same way同样地likewise同样地similarly相似地equally同样地in comparison比较起来just as同样地3.对照whereas然而in contrast与此相反on the other hand另一方面instead反而nevertheless然而；尽管如此however然而unlike与……不同even though即使on the contrary与此相反while然而4.因果because因为because of由于for因为since既然owing to由于，因为；多亏due to由于as a result of结果，因此thanks to多亏accordingly因此；于是hence因此，所以so因此，所以thus于是，因此5.强调certainly当然in particular尤其indeed的确，确实of course当然surely无疑；一定actually事实上as a matter of fact事实上chiefly主要地primarily主要地；根本地especially尤其above all最重要的是undoubtedly无疑most important最重要的是absolutely绝对地6.让步although/though尽管after all毕竟nevertheless然而；尽管如此in spite of尽管provided如果；在……条件下still仍，仍然while it is true...……是不可不承认的事实7.例证for example例如for instance例如that is换句话说namely即，也就是such as像，例如in this case既然这样in other words换句话说by way of illustration举例说明。