Unit 10 The Science of CustomI. ObjectiveWith the introduction of the definition of “custom” and what custom might affect our life, the teacher is supposed to help the students to master the author’s personal view on custom and her reason of revealing to us readers why an unbiased study of different cultures is of utmost importance. In addition, the varied ways employed by the writer in arguing for her points should be called into attention.II. Teaching StepsStep One: Get the students to do all the preparation work listed beforethe text on the Student’s Book.Step Two: Ask two students to give the oral report on their Dictionary Workand Library work in front of the class respectively.Step Three: Have a class discussion on the title and the things related to custom.Step Four: Explain the text to students, focusing on the following languagepoints as well as the organization and development of the text.Step Five: Get students to do the related exercises in Work Book.III: Major points: Language points, text structureIV: difficult points: Language pointsV． Time allocation：4 classes are needed to finish the lessonVI Background KnowledgeTime needed: 45 minutesTeaching approaches: asking questions, group discussions, PPT1.Ruth Benedict (author)(See p148 of SB)2.John Dewey(L29)a.1859-1952;b.U.S. philosopher, psychologist, and educator;c.One of the founders of the philosophical school of pragmatism;d.Representative of the progressive movement in U.S. education;3.custom(L18)a.Meaning: (U.) usual and generally accepted behaviour among members of a socialgroup;b.Meaning: (C.) a particular way of behaving which, because it has long beenestablished, is observed by individuals and social groups;4.cacti (L50)a Meaning: a thick fleshy plant that grows in deserts;c.Singular Form: cactus5.nebulae(L50)a.Meaning: a cloud of dust and gas in space;b.Singular Form: nebulaThe following four items are from the P. 73 of TB6.custom(L18)a.Meaning: a habit or practice that has come to be associated with an individualor a group by reason of its long continuance, its uniformity of character, and sometimes its compulsory nature;b.Example: It is his custom to smoke each evening after dinner.7.habit(L39)a.Meaning: the way of an individual than to the way of a community;b.Example: He has acquired the habit of clearing his throat before he speaks inpublic.8.Behavior(L20)a.Meaning: a person’s actions in general or on a particular occasion;b.Example: His behavior is very ridiculous.9.institution(L27)a.Meaning: a habit, custom, etc., which has been in existence for a long time;b.Example: The institution of slavery was once widespread in the south of the UnitedStates.10.Sea Dyaks(L7)Meaning: another name for the Iban people, an indigenous peopleinhabiting parts of Borneo, an island in the Malay Archipelago.11New Guinea tribe(L9)Meaning: the second largest island in the world to the north of Australia;.VII Language pointsTime needed: 90minutes.Teaching approaches: examples, explanation, and application1.anthropology(L1)a.Meaning: the scientific study of people, society, and cultureb.Derivative: anthropologist (n.) anthropological (adj.)2.be bound to (L11)a. a phraseb.Meaning: something is certain to happen;c.Example: There are bound to be price increases next year.3.weighting(L11)a.Meaning: to bias or slant to a particular direction, as in order to favor someone;b.Example: The current electoral law is still heavily weighted in favor of theruling party.4.. gamut(L13)a.Meaning: the complete range of something, a great variety of something;b.Example: I experienced the gamut of emotions.5.aberrant(L23)a.Meaning: deviating from what is usual or normalb.Example: His rages and aberrant behavior worsened.6.pristine(L26)a.Meaning: unchanged by later developments, pureb.Example: It’s impossible for any people to view all things with pristine eyes.7.vernacular(L33)a.Meaning: everyday language or speech;b.Example: He loves reading books written in the vernacular.8.autonomous(L34)a.Meaning: govern or control itself rather than being controlled;b.Example: They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.9.accommodation(L36)a.Meaning: adaptation;b.Example: The government will provide temporary accommodation for people sleepingrough in London.10.incumbent(upon someone) (L43)a.Meaning: being the duty or responsibility of someone;b.Example: It is incumbent upon all of us as loyal citizens to make an extra effort.11.unintelligible(L45)a.Meaning: not understandable;b.Example: All written by this guy is unintelligible.12.preliminary(L46)a.Meaning: activities taken at the very beginning;b.Example: Preliminary talks on the future will begin next day.13.proposition(L46)a.Meaning: a statement or an idea one can consider or discuss to decide if it istrue;b.Example: The proposition that democracies do not fight each other is based ona tiny historical sample.14.preferential (L48)a.Meaning: be treated better than other people; have an advantage over somebody;b.Example: Despite her position, she is not supposed to be given any preferentialtreatment.15.variant(L54)a.Meaning: a different of something;b.Example: There are so many variant spellings of his name.16.premise(L61)a.Meaning: something one uses as a basis for developing an idea;b.Example: The programme started from the premise that men and women are on equalterms in this society.17. hold sway over(L57)a. a phraseb.Meaning: have control over;c.Example: A completely different approach seems to hold sway.VIII. Organization and Development and text studyTime needed: 90 minutesTeaching approaches: asking questions, group discussions, PPT, paraphrasingPart One: IntroductionParagraph 1: The author gives the definition of anthropology.Part Two: BodyParagraph2: The author emphasizes the distinguishing mark of anthropology since it is a serious study involving other societies than America.Paragraph3: Custom plays a predominant role in a lot of ways.Paragraph4: The author discusses the difficulties for any person to look at the world with pristine eyes.Paragraph5: The precondition for any scientific study is that there be no preferential weighting of one or another of the items in the series it selects for its consideration.Part Three: ConclusionParagraph6: The author concludes the article by calling them Americans not to be held sway by any biased attitude in the field of anthropology.IX: Home work:Finish the exercises on work bookX: Contents tested:1. Language points2.paraphrases。