3. V-ing形式作宾语补足语
表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作。
① 感 官 动 词 see, notice, watch, observe, hear, feel, smell等词+ 宾语 + doing sth 作宾补,如： I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. I felt my heart beating violently.
②. 使役动词have, get, leave, keep, set, 以及catch(撞见) ，find(发现)+宾 语+ doing sth 作宾补 We kept the fire burning all night long. Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food. When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house.
二. V-ing形式的逻辑主语 如果动词-ing需要自己的逻辑主语时， 一般用形容词性物主代词、宾格或名词 所有格。
His father’s falling ill worried him greatly. Do you mind my / me leaving ? His not coming made all of us angry.
playing
高考改错真题：
•My favorite picture at the party is of my
coach and me enjoy _th_e biscuits with
happy laughter! enjoying 2. We can choose between staying at home and ta_k__e_ a trip.
• The boy was lucky enough to escape be_i_n_g_p_u_n_i_s_h_e_d__ (punish) • It’s no use __t_ry_in_g___(try ) to make
me believe you. • The girl _s_i_tt_in_g___(sit) under that tree
2. V-ing形式作宾语 ①作动词或动词短语的宾语。如： I suggest doing it in a different way. Do you feel like taking a walk?
常用V-ing形式作宾语的动词或动词短 语还有： avoid, admit, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, imagine, mind, miss, practise, risk, appreciate, can’t help, insist on, carry on等。
Who is the man standing by the door? The houses being built are for the teachers.
6. V-ing形式作状语
修饰谓语动词或整个句子，相当于状语 从句，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条 件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 ①时间状语 有时可由连词when, while引出。如： While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.
否定式： not +V-ing
Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait.
1．一般式： V-ing的一般式表示的动作和谓语动词 的动作同时进行。
主动：doing They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 被动：being done The question being discussed is very important. He likes being taken to the zoo.
5. V-ing形式作定语 ①单个的V-ing作定语一般放在被修饰 词的前面。表名词的作用、功能，或正 在进行的动作。如：
a reading room a swimming pool a waiting car a sleeping child 有些作定语的V-ing形式已转化为形容 词
an exciting film a boring speech ②V-ing短语作定语应放在被修饰词的 后面，表示动作正在发生, 如：
二.动词-ing的语法功能： 作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表 语、定语及状语
三.动词ing 形式表示的意义: 主动，进行
Thank you!
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②原因状语 Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday.
③结果状语 His father died, leaving him a lot of money. She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.
② 作介词的宾语，如： I'm against inviting him to dinner. You should study insead of watching TV.
下列短语中to 为介词，后面接V-ing形 式作宾语： look forward to, object to, devote…to, be/get used to, contribute to, get down to, lead to , turn to , stick to ， pay attention to 等。
◆动词-ing是非谓语形式中的一 种，能在句中做除谓语之外的任 何其他句子成分。 ◆在语态上，动词-ing表示主动 的动作。 在时间上, 动词-ing一般表示正在 进行的动作。
一.动词ing 的基本形式
一般式 完成式
主动 doing having done
被动 being done
having been done
为了保持句子平衡，通常用it作形式主语， 而把真正的主语放在句末,常用句型有： It is no use / useless crying over spilt milk. It is a waste of time arguing about it. It is no good talking to him. It is worth making an effort.
is my sister.
6. L__o_s_in_g_(lose) her new bicycle made Mary so upset. 7. N__o_t_h_a_v_i_n_g_r_e_c_e_i_v_e_d(receive) a reply, he decided to write again. 8. I smell something __b_u__rn_i_n(gburn) in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? 9. We don’t allow __________ (smoke), so you must go to the smsomkionkginrogom. 10. The missing boy was last seen _______(play) near the river.
2．完成式： V-ing的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语 动词的动作之前。 主动：having done I’m sorry for having kept you waiting so long. Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. 被动：having been done Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. He never talked about his having been interviewed by the reporter.
三. V-ing形式的语法作用 V-ing 形 式 一 方 面 具 有 动 词 的 性 质 ， 另一方面也相当于一个名词，形容词 或副词。
作主语 作宾语 作宾语补足语 作表语 作定语 作状语
1. V-ing形式作主语 Playing football is my favourite sport. Saying is easier than doing.
④伴随状语 They stood there for half an hour, watching the stars in the sky. Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.