Part one：early and medieval english literatureChapter 1: the making of england1 the Briton2 the Roman Consequent3 the English Consequent4 the social condition of the Anglo-SaxonsChapter 2: Beowulf<Beowulf>贝奥武夫:the national epic of the Anglo-SaxonsEpic: long narrative poems that record the adventures or heroic deeds of a hero enacted in vast landscapes. The style of epic is grand and elevated.e.g. Homer’s Iliad and OdysseyArtistic features:1 Using alliteration2 Using metaphor and understatementDefinition of alliteration: a rhetorical device, meaning some words in a sentence begin with the same consonant sound（头韵）Some examples on P5Definition of understatement: expressing something in a controlled way Understatement is a typical way for Englishmen to express their ideasChapter 3 : Feudal England1 the Norman Consequest:①the Danish invasionKing Alfred: the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle②the Norman Consequest:Marks the establishment of feudalism in England\2 Feuda EnglandSocial features of the Feuda England：Two classes（landlord and peasant）The miseries of the peasant：Black DeathThe raising of 13813 the Romance: knightFamous three:King ArthurSir Gawain and the Green KnightBeowulfChapter 4 William LanglandPiers The Plowman耕者皮尔斯:a picture of feudal England①the exposure of the ruling classes②the story of the Cat and Rats③the marriage of lady Meed④the condition of the peasants⑤the search for truth⑥a representative of the most oppressed section of the peasantryArtistic features:It is written in the form of a dream visionUsing symbolismChapter 5 the English Bllads民谣Oral literatureBallad: is a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the second and fourth lines rhymed.The Robin Hood BalladChapter 6 Geoffery Chaucer英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。

约翰·德莱顿（John Dryden）称其为“英国诗歌之父”The father of English poetry.writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity.① <The Canterbury Tales>坎特伯雷故事集：first time to use …heroic couplet‟(双韵体) by middle English②<Troilus and Criseyde>特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德③ <The House of Fame>声誉之宫Part Two ：The English RenaissanceA period of drama and poetry. The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance.Chapter 1 Old England in transition1 the new monarchy2 the reformation3the English Bible：Jhon Wycliffe, translated the first complete English BileAuthorized V ersion: also called King James Bible4 the enclosure movement5 the commercial exoansion6 the war between Spain：it ended with the route of the Spanish fleet"Armada"7 the Renaissance and HumanismRenaissance: the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival of art, literature, and learning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world.Humanism is the key-note of the Renaissance.Humanism: reflected the new outlook of the rising bourgeois class, which saw the world openning before it.Three historical events of the Renaissance – rebirth or revival:1.new discoveries in geography and astrology2.the religious reformation and economic expansion3.rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek cultureThe most famous dramatists:Christopher MarloweWilliam Shakespeare8 William Caxton: the first English printerChapter2 Thomas MoreOne of the greatest English humanistsUtopia乌托邦: an ideal cummunist societyThomas: 1 no revolutionary in the sense of wishing to arouse the people or to start any movement2 still retains the features of class exploitation3 he could never find at that time the means by which socialism could be realized.Chapter 3 the flowering of English literature1 the flourishing of literature2 Sir Philip SidneyA poet and critic poetryAstrophel and Stella , Apology for poetryWalter Raleigh:Discovery of Guiana3 Edmund Spenser埃德蒙•斯宾塞1552~1599The poets‟ poet. The first to be buried in the Poet‟s corner of Westerminster Abbey①<The Faerie Queene>仙后(for Queen Elizabeth)It is written in a special verse form that consisits of 8 iambic pentameter lines followed by a 9 line of 6 iambic feet(an alexandrine ), with the rhyme scheme ababbcbbcThe theme is not “Arms and the man”, but something more romantic “Fierce wars and faithfull loves”. Artistic features:Using Spenserian StanzaDefinition of Spenserian Stanza:a stanza of nine lines ababbcbcc. Eight lines in iambic pentameter, and last line in iambic hexameter.②<The Shepherds Calendar>牧人日历The theme is to lament over the loss of Rosalind.③ <Amoretti>爱情小唱4 John Lyly"gentle reader"Euphues5 Francis Bacon弗兰西斯•培根1561~1626（哲学家、散文家；在论述探究知识的著作中提出了知识就是力量这一著名论断；近代唯物主义哲学的奠基人和近代实验科学的先驱。