Part I Listening Comprehension (15%)（略）Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best one and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passageA folk culture is a small isolated, cohensive, conservative, nearly self-sufficient group that is homogeneous in custom and race, with a strong family or clan structure and highly developed rituals. Order is maintained through sanctions based in the religion and family, and interpersonal relationships are strong. Tradition is paramount, and change comes infrequently and slowly. There is relatively little division of labor into specialized duties. Rather, each person is expected to perform a great variety of tasks, though duties may differ between the sexes. Most goods are handmade, and a subsistence economy prevails. Individualism is weakly developed in folk cultures, as are social classes. Unaltered folk cultures no longer exist in industrialized countries such as the United States and Canada. Perhaps the nearest modern equivalent in Anglo-America is thelabor-saving devices of the industrial age. In Amish areas, horse-drawn buggies still serve as a local transportation device, and the faithful are not permitted to own automobiles. The Amish’s central religious concept of Demur, “humility” clearly reflects the weakness of individualism and social class so typical of folk cultures, and there is a corresponding strength of Amish group identity. Rarely do the Amish marry outside their sect. The religion provides the principal mechanism for maintaining order.By contrast, a popular culture is a large heterogeneous group, often highly individualistic and constantly changing. Relationships tend to be impersonal, a pronounced division of labor exists, leading to the establishment of many specialized professions. Secular institutions of control such as the police and army take the place of religion and family in maintaining order, and a money-based economy prevails. Because of these contrasts, “popular” may be viewed as clearly different from “folk”. The popular is replacing .the folk in industrialized countries and in many developing nations. Folk-made objects give way to their popular equivalent, usually because the popular item is more quickly and cheaply produced, is easier or time-saving to use, or lends more prestige to the owner.21. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Two decades in modern society.B. The influence of industrial technology.C. The characteristics of “folk” and “popular” societies.D. The specialization of labor in Canada and the United States.22. Which of the following is typical of folk cultures?A. There is a money-based economy.B. Social changes occur slowly.C. Contact with other cultures is encouraged.D. Each person develops one specialized skill.23. What does the author imply about the United States and Canada?A. They value folk cultures.B. They have no social classes.C. They have popular cultures.D. They do not value individualism.24. Which of the following would probably NOT be found in a folk culture?A. A carpenter.B. A farmer.C. A weaver.D. A banker.25. Which of the following is NOT given as a reason why folk-made objects are replaced by popular items?A. Cost.B. Prestige.C. Quality.D. Convenience.【答案与解析】21.C 文章第一段介绍了folk cultures的特征，第二段对比性地介绍了popular culture的特征，故选项C正确。

22.B 文章第一段指出“change comes infrequently and slowly”，故选项B正确。

根据第一段中“a subsistence economy prevails”，可排除A。

第一段中“Rarely do the Amish marry outside their sect”，可排除C。

第一段中“each person is expected to perform a great variety of tasks”及“little division of labor into specialized duties”，可排除D。

23.C 由文章第一段Unaltered folk cultures…and Canada可知，folk culture在这两个国家都不再存在，故选项C正确。

24.D 第一段中提到folk culture是自给自足的经济形式，都从事传统的手工劳动，而银行家是popular culture时才有，故选项D正确。

25.C 文章最后一句提到“popular item…to the owner”，即制造更快，更便宜，使用更方便，能给拥有者带来威望，并没有提及质量问题，故选项C正确。

Passage TwoQuestions26 to 30 are based on the following passageSeventeenth-century houses in colonial North America were simple structures that were primarily functional, carrying over traditional designs that went back to the Middle Ages. During the first half of the eighteenth century, however, houses began to show a new elegance.As wealth increased, more and more colonists built fine houses.Since architecture was not yet a specialized profession in the colonies, the design of buildings was left either to amateur designers or to carpenters who undertook to interpret architectural manuals imported from England. Inventories of colonial libraries show an astonishing number of these handbooks for builders, and the houses erected during the eighteenth century show their influence. Nevertheless, most domestic architecture of the first three quarters of the eighteenth century displays a wide divergence of taste and freedom of application of the rules laid down in these books.Increasing wealth and growing sophistication throughout the colonies resulted in houses of improved design, whether the material was wood, stone, or brick. New England still favored wood, though brick houses became common in Boston and other towns, where the danger of fire gave an impetus to the use of more durable material. A few houses in New England were built of stone, but only in Pennsylvania and adjacent areas was stone widely used in dwellings. An increased use of brick in houses and outbuildings is noticeable in Virginia and Maryland, but wood remained the most popular material even in houses built by wealthy landowners. In the Carolinas, even in closely packed Charleston, wooden houses were much more common than brick houses.Eighteenth-century houses showed great interior improvements over their predecessors. Windows were made larger and shutters removed. Large, clear panes replaced the small leaded glass of the seventeenth century. Doorways were larger and more decorative. Fire places became decorative features of rooms.Wails were made of plaster or wood, sometimes elaborately paneled. White paint began to take the place of blues, yellows, greens, and lead colors, which had been popular for walls in the earlier years. After about 1730, advertisements for wallpaper styles in scenic patterns began to appear in colonial newspapers.26. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The imported design of eighteenth-century colonial houses.B. A comparison of eighteenth-century houses and modern houses.C. The decorations used in eighteenth-century houses.D. The role of carpenters in building eighteenth-century houses.27. What was one of the main reasons for the change in architectural style ineighteenth-century North America?A. More architects arrived in the colonies.B. The colonists developed an interest in classical architecture.C. Bricks were more readily available.D. The colonists had more money to spend on housing.28. According to the passage, who has responsible for designing houses ineighteenth-century North America?A. Professional architects.B. Customers.C. Interior decorators.D. Carpenters.29. The word “divergence” in Line 14 is closest in meaning to ______.。