paragraph 2 refer to? A．The tube. C．The hole.
B．The still. D．The cup.
上下文线索 构词法
Ⅱ Strategies
词义猜测题着重考查考生根据上下文猜测词义的能力，这也 是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，即利用上下文的已知部分（尤 其是该词或短语前后的句子）进行推理，有时还需要依靠常识和 经验来猜测词义。考查范围涉及单词意义理解、短语意义理解、 句子意义理解或代词指代对象的确定等。 一、常见设问方式
The underlined word in the second paragraph means “________”．
Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the
underlined word in the last paragraph?
翻译： ____①_a_d__v._回__来____②_v_._支__持___③__n_._后__面______________________
2. The people ①present at the party all ②presented him with a ③present, so he thinks they are friendly ④at present.
productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole.
Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in
the cup and the rest of the line runs up—and out—the side of
What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3
refer to? A．Jazz becoming more accessible.
上下文线索
B．The production of jazz growing faster.
C．Jazz being less popular with the young.
翻译： ___①__a_d_j_. _在_场__的____②_v_._赠__与___③__n_._礼__物___④__n_._现__在____________
二）语境法：上下文线索、逻辑关系、常识经验
[示例1]
Despite the celebrations，though，in the U．S. the jazz
3.The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken.
Sometimes the weakness was permanent. So the player
could never play the sport again. __永__久_的________
The underlined word “hunch” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by“________”． What does the phrase “knock off” in Paragraph 1 mean?
The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means “________”． The word “it” in the last sentence refers to “________”．
Center's artistic adviser for jazz，Moran hopes to widen the
audience for jazz，make the music more accessible，and
preserve its history and culture. (2017·全国卷Ⅰ·C)
with 45degreeangled sides. The low point of the sheet must be
centered directly over，and no more than three incheቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ above，
the cup. (2017·全国卷Ⅰ·D节选)
What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in
the hole.
Next，cover the hole with the plastic sheet，securing the
edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet's center
down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体)
animals. _动__物__学_家_______
2.1. He replied quickly, but after he considered the
problem more carefully, he regretted having made such a
hasty decision. __仓_促__的________
___派_生___法 1. mispronounce __误__读______ 2. container____容__器____ 3. unconditional__无__条__件__的__ ___合_成___法 1. push-button__按__钮______ 2. bookmark____书__签________ 3. by-product___副__产__品___ ___拼__缀__法 1. net, citizen_n_e_t_i_ze__n_网__民_ 2. costume, play_c_o_s_p_l_a_y_角__色_扮__演_ 3. automobile, home _a_u__to_m__e_流__动__住__宅__车__ ___转__化__法 1.“After she comes ①back, I’ll ②back her,” John said sitting at the ③back of the room.
D．The jazz audience becoming larger.
[示例2]
The objects around you are visible because they interact
with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But
4.He strayed because of the darkness, and didn’t know
where he was. ___迷__路________
逻辑关系
上下文逻辑关系有解释关系、转折关系、因果关
系、并列关系等。通常句中会有明显的表示各种关系 的连接词。
Ⅲ Practice
阅读理解
词义猜测题
Ⅰ Warming-up
To construct a working still，use a sharp stick or rock to dig
a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the
hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher's
some materials slow and scatter (散射) light, bouncing it
away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping
it dead in its tracks. (2015·北京高考阅读C)
The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means
________. A．silently C．regularly
B．gradually D．completely
常识 构词法
[示例3]
1.His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on
audience continues to shrink and grow older，and the
music has failed to connect with younger generations.
It's Jason Moran's job to help change that. As the Kennedy
二、干扰选项特征 1．字面解释的选项 词义猜测题考的就是考生能不能结合文章其他信息来理解词句 在具体语境中的意思，所以正确答案绝对不会是考查词句的字面 解释。 2．与上下文结合不紧密的选项 选项如果是上段、上上段或下段、下下段中的内容，是很难和 所考查单词、词组或句子产生任何逻辑和语义关系的。
三、解题方法 解答此类题型以及在阅读时遇到生词需要去推断其含义时，可 以采用构词法或语境法。 一）构词法：派生法（添加前缀或后缀）、合成法（两个或两 个以上单词组合）、拼缀法（去头去尾法）、转化法（改变词性 ）。