选修八Unit 1 A land of diversity语言要点（模块）Ⅰ.词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）1.majority n.大多数；大半major adj.&n.较大的，主要的；主修，专攻(反义词minority少数；少数民族)[典例]1). A / The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。
2). The majority was/were in favour of the proposal. 多数人赞成这个建议。
[重点用法]be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数 a majority over sb 超过对方的票数2. applicant n.申请人application n.申请(书)；应用；用途apply v. 申请；运用，适用[典例]1). We had 250 applicants for the job. 有250人申请这份工作。
2). As the wages were low, there were few applicants for the job. 因为工资低, 没有什麽人申请这份工作。
[重点用法]apply for... 申请……apply to... 适用……fill in the application form for sth. 填写……申请表[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). Successful _________ (apply) will receive notification within the week.2). This rule can’ t be applied ________ (介词) every case.3). You should ________ ________(申请) the job immediately, in person or by letter.4). The question in the second half of the form _________ ________ (适用) married men only.Keys: 1). applicants 2). to 3). apply for 4). apply to3. occur vi. 发生；出现；存在[典例]1). The tragedy occurred only minutes after take-off. 这一悲剧在起飞后几分钟内就发生了。
2). Didn’ t it occur to you that he might be late? 你当时没有想到他可能会迟到吗?[重点用法]occur to... (主意) 浮现于脑海中；被想到；被想起；（某人）想到……4. indicate vt. 指出；标示；表明indication n. 指出；表明indicative adj.指示的；暗示的[典例]1). I asked him where my sister was and he indicated the shop opposite. 我问他握姐姐在哪，他指指对面的商店。
2). Research indicates that men find it easier to give up smoking than women. 研究表明男人感到比女人更容易戒烟。
[重点用法]indicate sth (to sb) 指示；指出；标示indicate that/wh-表示……；示意……[练习] 根据句子的意思，在括号里填入适当的词。
1). The government has ________ (表明) that it intends to cut taxes.2). A flashing red light ________ (标示) that a stretch of road was undergoing repairs.3). There is every ________ (indicate) of a change in the weather.Keys: 1). indicated 2). indicated 3). indication5. slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤n. 滑倒；小过失；失误slippery adj.滑溜的[典例]1). My foot slipped and I nearly fell. 我的脚一滑，差点跌到。
2). She slipped into the room when no one was looking. 她趁无人注意的时候溜进了房间。
[重点用法]let slip... 错过……；无意中说出let sth. slip through your fingers错过(机会)，失去(机会) a slip of the tongue 口误[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). She ________ ________ (无意中说出) that she was intending to leave the company.2). As the years _________ by, I thought more and more about him.3). Drive very carefully; the roads are wet and ________ (slip).Keys: 1). let slip 2). slipped 3). slippery6. insert vt.插入，嵌入[典例]He inserted a key into a lock. 他把钥匙插进锁中。
[重点用法]insert sth (in/into/between sth) 插入、放入、置入或嵌於某物或某两物间Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. live on 继续生活或存在[典例]She lived on for many years after her husband died. 丈夫死後她继续活了多年。
[短语归纳] live短语：live on sth 以某物为食；靠某种经济来源生活live by doing sth 靠做某事物为生live for sth 以某事物为生活目标live through sth 经历某事物而幸存live together 在一起生活；同live a... life 过着……的生活live with sth 接受或容忍某现象live to be... = live to the age of... 活到……岁live up to sth 依照某事物行事；表现出符合某事物的标准[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的live短语。
1). The lonely old man _______ _______ charity.2). Mozart is dead but his music _______ _______.3). My grandfather _______ _______ both world wars.4). We should work hard and try to _______ _______ _______ ou r parents’ expectations.5). The brave girl is learning to _______ _______ her disability.Keys: 1). live on 2). lives on 3). lived through 4). live up to 5). live with2. make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等[典例]They settled down in Canada and made a life for themselves.他们在加拿大定居下来，习惯新的生活方式。
[短语归纳] life短语：bring sb/sth (back) to life 给某人/事物的活力；使复活lay down one’ s life (for sb/sth) 为……献身；牺牲生命lead a dog’ s life 过狗一般的生活（长期忧虑、痛苦或悲伤）make one’ s way in life 在生活中有所成就take one’ s (own) life: commit su icide 自杀put an end to one’ s life: kill oneself 自杀take sb’ s life: kill sb 取某人性命a/sb’ s way of life（某人的或某些人的）生活方式end one’ s days/life (in sth)（处於某状况下或在某处）度过余生[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的介词或翻译。
1). He laid down his life _______ the cause of freedom.2). They interview people from _______ _______ _______ _______ (各行各业的人).3). She adapted easily to the French _______ _______ _______ (生活方式).Keys: 1). for 2). all walks of life 3). way of life3. keep up坚持；维持；沿袭古老的风俗、传统等；使某人不能去睡觉[典例]1). Y ou’ re all doing a splendid job; keep up the good work! 你们干得都很出色, 要坚持下去!2). I do hope we’ re not keeping you up. 我希望我们没有耽误你睡觉。
[短语归纳] keep短语：keep up with sb/sth. 跟上（某人/某事物）；、跟上（形势）keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事物；重复做某事物keep away from（使某人/事物）不靠近某人/事物keep sb back from sb/sth（使某人）与某人/事物保持距离keep sth. back 阻止某事物keep oneself/sb from sth/doing sth 使自己/某人不能做某事物keep sth from sb 不将某事告诉某人keep off (sb/sth) 不接近或不接触某人/事物keep sb/sth out (of sth) 不让某人/物进入（某处）keep in touch with保持与某人的联系keep fit 保持健康[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。