➢ To master etiology, pathogenosis, diagnosis, therapy and prevention of nutritional iron deficiency anemia and nutritional megaloblastic anemia.
Features of hematopoiesis in children
血液系统疾病
Blood system disease
Features Of Hematopoiesis And Blood In Children， Nutritional Anemia
小儿造血、血像特点、 营养性贫血
Abstract
Features Of Hematopoiesis And Blood In Children
Hematopoesis in bone marrow
Yellow bone marrow（ 黄 骨 髓 ） can come back to red bone marrow（红骨 髓）when hematopoetic need increases
Yellow bone marrow is deficiency in children, especially in infant and toddler period
Anemia In Children—General Introduction
Nutritional iron deficiency anemia(IDA)
Nutritional Megaloblastic Anemia
purpose
➢ To understand features of hematopoiesis and blood in children
Extramedullary hemopoiesis（髓外造血）
When hematopoietic demand increases, liver, spleen and lymph nodes come back to the status to produce blood cells
hepatomegaly（肝肿大） and splenomegaly （脾肿大） appears
and maybe there are immature erythrocytes and granulocytes in circulating blood
Extramedullary hemopoiesis is the specific phenomena only appearing in infant and toddler
主要是有核红细胞，少量粒细胞、巨核细胞
红细胞、粒系、淋巴、单核细胞
主要是淋巴细胞，胚胎期有短暂的生成红细 胞、粒细胞的功能 淋巴细胞，胚胎期有短暂的生成红细胞的功 能 全血细胞
Features of Hematopoiesis in children
二、Hematopoiesis after birth
8w 6~8w 4m 4m
peak
4~5m 4~5m
letdown 6w 6m 5m
after birth
持续终生 持续终生 持续终生 持续终生
Blood cell
mesoblast liver spleen thymus
lymph node
Bone marrow
Blood cell
原始有核红细胞
yolk sac liver
Bone marrow
spleen
lymph node
Hematopoiesis in fetal period
Time of Hematopoiesis
mesoblast liver
spleen thymus lymph node Bone marrow
begin 3w 6~8w
➢ To comprehend clinical features, diagnosis and therapy of anemia.
➢ To understand the definition, grade division and classification of anemia in children.
Extramedullary poiesis（髓外造血）
血象： there are immature erythrocytes and granulocytes in circulating blood
Features of blood in children
小儿血象特点
血容量blood capacitance
小儿造血特点
Features of hematopoiesis in children
一 、 Hematopoiesis in fetal period（胎儿期造血）
Developmental hematopoiesis occurs in three anatomic stages—mesoblastic （中胚层）, hepatic（肝）, and myeloid （骨髓）.
➢ Hematopoesis in bone marrow ➢ Extramedullary hematopoiesis
（骨髓外造血）
Hematopoesis in bone marrow
red bone marrow（红骨髓）： in infant and toddler period
Yellow bone marrow（黄骨髓）：after 5~7y, 潜在造血功能
Extramedullary hemopoiesis（髓外造血）
年龄：in infant and toddler 病因： When hematopoietic demand
increases. E.g. anemia（贫血） 造血部位： liver, spleen and lymph
nodes come back to the status to produce blood cells 体征： hepatomegaly（肝肿大） and splenomegaly（脾肿大）