并列连词用法归纳
并列连词有and, but, or, for, nor, so, when, yet以及not only…but also…, both…and…, neither…nor…, either…or…, as well as/as well/as well…as等。
并列连词是构成英语并列句的桥梁,英语中两个或两个以上的互不依从的对等句子通常都是通过并列连词来体现的。
现分类如下:
I.表示增补关系:这类并列连词通常是and、nor、so、both…and…、not only…but also…、neither…nor…、as well as…等。
1. and可用来连接两个或两个以上的单词、短语或句子,表示一种顺接的关系。
如:
My brother and I study in the same school.
Our knowledge may come from the books and from practice.
We are singing and they are dancing.
2. So表示肯定的增补,而neither、nor表示否定的增补,三者常位于句首,要求主谓倒装。
例如:
Tom got up at six this morning. So did Mike. 汤姆今晨六点钟起床,迈克也是。
He can’t swim, neither can Mary. 他不能游泳,玛丽也是。
3. both…and…可用来连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语和状语等。
当连接两个并列的主语时谓语动词通常用复数形式。
如:
Both Li Ping and Mary are going to the Great Wall tomorrow.
He can both swim and skate.
They speak both English and French.
4. not only…but also…、neither…nor…这两个并列连词和both…and…的共同特征是都连接两个相同的句法单位,如主语、谓语、宾语、表语和状语等。
其不同之处主要是它们连接两个并列主语时谓语动词用就近原则。
如:
Not only the students but also the teacher gives the money to our school. 不仅学生为我们学校捐了款而且这位老师也捐了款。
Neither he nor I am right. 他不对我也不对。
5. 注意not only…but also…强调的后者,而as well as…强调的是前者。
当as well as…引导并列主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。
如:
He as well as his students gets up at six o’clock. 不仅他的学生们而且他也是六点钟起床。
II.表示选择关系:这类并列连词通常是or、either…or…等。
1. 这两个连词主要表示一种选择关系,注意的是either…or…通常引导两个相同的句法单位,当连接两个并列主语时谓语动词用就近原则。
如:
He is either at home or at school. 他或者在家或者在学校。
Either he or I am wrong. 不是他错就是我错。
2. or有时表示“否则”,前面的祈使句通常表示条件,后面的简单句表示结果。
如:
Hurry up or you will be late. 快点,否则你会晚的。
III.并列连词but、yet;for、so;when分别表示一种转折、因果、并列的关系,如:
I have a pen but no pencil. 我有钢笔,但没有铅笔。
He is good at math for he studies harder than others. 他擅长数学因为他学习比别人努力。
He is ill so he can’t go to school today. 他病了所以今天不能去上学。
I was taking a walk along the street when a car came. 我正在沿街散步突然一辆车驶来。
英语中平行结构表达的谚语举例
1. Speech is silver, but silence is golden. 沉默是金,言语是银。
2. Love me little, love me long. 不求爱很多,但求爱长久。
3. Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见,心不烦。
4. Man proposes, God disposes. 谋事在人,成事在天。
5. Love me, love my dog. 爱屋及乌。
6. Like father, like son. 有其父,必有其子。
7. Art is long and life is short. 生有涯,而知无涯。
8. Lucky at cards, unlucky in love. 赌场走运,情场失意。
9. No pain, no gain. 不劳无获。
10. Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
11. All’s fair in love and war.恋爱如打仗,一切手段都正当。
英语中表达因果关系的连接词
英语中,用于表示因果关系的方式很多.比如:介词from, at, through, due to, because of, owing to;连接副词hence,therefore, thus;从属连词because, as, now that, in that, seeing (that)…therefore,since…then/in that case, on the ground(s)that, by reason that等。
冒号的衔接作用
Dying patients especially—who are easiest to mislead and most often kept in the dark—
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can then not make decisions about the end of life: about whether or not they should enter a
1 3(1)
hospital or to have surgery; about where and with whom they should spend their remaining time;
3(2)
about how they should bring their affairs to a close and leave.
3(3)
临死亡的病人---因为他们最易受骗也最经常被人蒙在鼓里---而不能做出临终前的种种
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抉择:是否要住进医院,或进行手术;在何处与何人度过所剩下的一点时间;以及如何3(1) 3(2)
处理完自己的事务后与世长辞。
3(3)。