What is associated with happiness?
• Extraversion • 外向性 Why? How? • Health and Fitness • 健康与适应 Why? How? • Marital Status • 婚姻状态 Why? How?
IS MARRIAGE BLISS
recent research studies on happiness.
Diener and Seligman, 2002
• A comparison of happy people and unhappy people.
• 比较幸福的人与不幸福的人
Diener and Seligman, 2002
Importance of family
• Rare person who, as his life draws to a close, wishes he had spent more time with at work.
Question 1
• How do happy people behave? • 幸福的人的行为举止是怎样的呢? • What do they do that makes them happy? • 他们做了什么事，使得他们幸福呢？ • To answer that question, we can look at some
event, happiness returns to previous levels. • 在一个非常积极或非常消极的事件之后，1年之内
，幸福回到从前的状态 • 残奥会的启示
What is not associated with happiness?
• Age • Gender • Race • Why?
• 在许多方面，非常幸福的人不同于不幸福的 人。
Very happy people
Age & SWB in 16 Nations
Percent satisfied with life
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
15-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55-64
65+
Age roup
Report of Satisfaction by Gender
Mean % Reporting
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 % "Satisfied"
Men Women
% "Very Happy"
What is not associated with happiness?
• Education（教育程度） • Living in a big city or small town • 生活在大城市，还是在小镇上 • Part of the country where you live • Why?
– “very happy”
and • People with the lowest happiness scores
– “unhappy”
Results（结果）
• Very happy people differed from unhappy people in a number of ways.
• Participants reported
– satisfaction with life – 生活满意度 – Mood – 心境 – information about friendships – 有关友谊的资料 – personality traits – 人格特质
Then the authors compared • People with the highest happiness scores
What is not associated with happiness?
• Wealth（财富） • Wealthy countries are no happier than poor
countries. • 富国并不比穷国更幸福 • Within any country, people who are most wealthy
关于幸福心理的问题
• 人生的最终目的是什么？ • 什么是幸福？ • 你幸福吗？幸福水平可以测量吗？ • 为什么有的人幸福，有的人不幸福？ • 如何才能获得幸福？ • 2002年若贝尔经济学奖获得者关于“财富的
极大化与幸福的极大化”的看法
幸福的含义
• 哈佛大学现在最热的课程---积极心理学 • 哈佛大学最受欢迎的人生导师 • 塔勒•本-沙哈尔
• Yes.
• 75% - 80% of people worldwide say they’re happy.
• Excited, proud, pleased within the past week.
Set point for happiness
• 幸福的调整点 • May be genetic • 可能是遗传的 • Within 1 year of a very positive or very negative
are not any happier than everyone else. • 在任何国家，最富裕的人，不比任何其他人更幸福 • Why?
Money does not buy happiness
What is associated with happiness?
• High self-esteem • 高自尊 Why? How? • 自尊是人格的基石 • Sense of control over life • 对生活有控制感 Why? How? • Optimism • 乐观主义 Why? How?
• 幸福=意义+快乐
Thinking about happiness
• Remember, these studies are based on large numbers of people.
• The findings talk about general patterns.
In general, are people happy?