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2019中考英语--动词不定式练习题

2019 中考英语-- 动词不定式一、动词不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,不受人称和数的变化限制,它是由“不定式符号 to+动词原形”构成。

There is going to be a sports meeting in our school next week. 下周我们学校将举行运动会。

1.考查动词不定式作宾语有些动词,如 hope, decide, ask, agree, wish, choose, would like 等,一般只能用动词不定式作宾语,而确旨用动词 -ing 形式作宾语。

【真题再现】① (2017 江苏苏州)一 Jack, why have you decided Chinese folk music as a course?一 To learn more about Chinese culture.A.takeB. takenC. takingD. to take【解析】根据 decide to do sth.结构确定选 D 。

② (2017 山东临沂)Cindy's grandmother is learning t he new mobile phone.eB. usesC. usedD. to use【解析】 learn to do sth.意为“学做某事” 。

故选 D 。

【注意】用动词不定式(短语)作宾语时,如果其后有宾语补足语,常用i t 作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后,其句型为 :主语+谓语+it 十宾语补足语 +动词不定式(短语)。

【真题再现】(2017 湖北黄石)Chinese people find our duty to help develop Africancountries along the Belt and Road(一带一路).A.itB. thisC. thatD. these 【解析】此空要用 it 作形式宾语,真正的宾语为动词不定式短语to help developAfricancountries along the Belt and Road 。

故选 A 。

2.考查动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语时,与被它修饰的名词有动宾关系。

【真题再现】(2017 甘肃天水)Sleeping is a popular way amongstudents.A.relaxB. relaxedC. relaxingD. to relax【解析】此处是动词不定式 to relax 作后置定语,修饰名词 way 。

故选 D。

【注意】若动词不定式是不及物动词时,则要带上必要的介词,构成及物动词短语。

【真题再现】(2013 四川凉山)When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a place .A.to liveB. living inC. to live in 【解析】 live 是不及物动词, a place 是 live 的逻辑宾语,所以 to live 后要加上介词 in 才能作后置定语修饰place。

故选 C。

3.考查动词不定式作宾语补足语有些动词,如 ask, teach, want, tell, allow, warn, advise 等可接带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语,即构成 ask / teach / want / tell sb. to do sth. 结构,其否定形式是在 to 前加 not 。

【真题再现】① (2017 四川遂宁)Our teacher often tells us time.A.not wasteB.don't wasteC.not to wasteD.doesn't waste【解析】 tell sb. (not) to do sth. 意为“告诉某人(不要)做某事”。

故选 C。

② (2017 湖北宜昌)一 You'd better advise him anything out of the window whiledriving.一 I will. He has to know it's dangerous.A.not throwingB.no throwingC.not to throwD.don't throw【解析】 C。

advise sb. (not) to do sth.意为“建议某人(不要)做某事”。

【注意】动词不定式用作使役动词(如 let, make 等,但 get除外)及感官动词(如 see, hear, watch, feel 等)的宾语补足语时都不带 to; 在 help 后面作宾语补足语时, to 可有可无。

注意 : 将其改为被动语态时,则要加上 to(但 let 不能用于被动语态)。

【真题再现】(2017 湖南岳阳)Though he often made his little sister, today he was made by her.A.cry; to cryB.cried; cryingC.to cry; cry【解析】主动语态 make sb. do sth.结构中,用省掉 to 的动词不定式作宾补,所以第一空用动词原形 cry 。

但在被动语态中“感、让、听、看”等动词后不省略动词不定式符号to,动词不定式作主语补足语,所以第二空填 to cry 。

故选 A。

4.考查动词不定式作主语在许多情况下,动词不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,而用 it 作形式主语,常构成“It is+形容词 /副词+( for/of sb. ) +to do sth ”结构。

如 :【真题再现】(2017 江苏泰州)- Was it necessary John some photos before the old man?一 I think so. In this way, he could protect himself later.A.of; takingB. for; takingC. of; to takeD. for; to take【解析】 D 。

此句中的 it 是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式短语 to take some photos before the old man 。

另外,本题中的 necessary仅仅是描述事物,不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价,介词要用 for 。

故选 D。

5.考查动词不定式作状语动词不定式可以在句子中作目的、原因、方式和结果状语。

【真题再现】① (2017 吉林长春) Chinese culture, many college students go to foreign countries every year.A.SpreadingB. To spreadC. SpreadsD. Spread【解析】根据句意“为了传播中国文化,许多大学生每年都去外国。

”可知此空要用动词不定式作目的状语。

故选 B。

② (2017 甘肃天水)We'l1 do what we can the sick man.A. to helpB. helpC. helpsD. helped【解析】此题易受 can的误导而误选 B。

what we can 是个宾语从句,作动词do 的宾语。

根据句意“我们将会尽我们所能帮助这位生病的男子。

”可知此空要用动词不定式作目的状语。

故选 A 。

6.“连接代(副)词十动词不定式”结构的用法在英语中有些动词,如 ask, know, learn, decide, tell 等后可接“疑问代(副)词 +不定式” 作宾语。

如 :【真题再现】(2017 江苏宿迁)The girl students are discussing the walls in the classroom.A. what to paint colorB.to paint what colorC.which color to paintD.to paint which color【解析】 C。

此空要用“连接代(副)词 +动词不定式”结构,“哪一种”用疑问词 which。

正确答案是 C。

二、在固定句式中动词不定式的考查1.had better do sth.意为“最好做某事”,常用来向对方提建议,其否定式是had better notdo sth.意为“最好不要做某事”。

如 :【真题再现】(2016 四川宜宾)It' s getting dark. You'd better out by yourself. It's dangerous.A. not goB. not to goC. to go【解析】根据 had better (not) do sth.结构可确定选 A 。

2.Why not do sth.?意为“为什么不做⋯⋯ ?”,也用来表示向对方提建议。

【真题再现】(2017 四川广安)一 Excuse me! Is there a supermarket near here?一 Sorry, I'm new here too. Why not the old lady over there?A. askingB. askC. asksD. to ask【解析】 B。

根据“Why not do sth.?可确定”选 B。

3.prefer to do sth. 意为“更喜欢做某事” ;would rather do sth. than do sth.意为“宁愿做⋯⋯而不做⋯⋯”。

【真题再现】(2017 四川达州)一 Do you prefer basketball with me?一 No, I'd rather at home and watch TVA. play; stayB.to play; to stayC.play; to stayD.to play; stay【解析】 D。

根据 prefer to do sth.和 wou1d rather do sth. 可确定选 D。

4.be supposed to do sth.意为“应该破期望做某事” 。

【真题再现】(2016 甘肃天水)一 I always can't help TV plays with my mobilephone when I'm studying.一 It's not a good habit. You are supposed to i t.A. watching; correctingB.watch; correctC.watch; correctingD. watching; correct【解析】 can't help doing 意为“情不自禁做某事” ,第一空填 watching 。

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